2011走向高考,贾凤山,高中总复习,英语,天津选修八Module 4～6综合技能测试

their planets; they are either too far from or too close to their suns. Then eliminate all those planets which are not the same size and weight as the earth. Finally, remember that the proper conditions do not necessarily mean that life actually does exist on a planet. It may not have begun yet, or it may have already died out.

This process of elimination seems to leave very few planets on which earthlike life might be found. However, even if life could exist on only one planet in a million, there are so many billions of planets that this would still leave a vast number on which life could exist.

56．Astronomers believe that matter in different parts of the universe ________ A．obeys different laws. B．obeys one common law. C．obeys the same laws. D．obeys no common law.

答案：C 答题依据在第二段的第二句。科学家没有理由怀疑宇宙中的物质遵循同一法则，即他们相信宇宙中不同地方的物质是遵循同一法则的。

57．The passage mentions all of the following factors for the existence of life EXCEPT ________.

A．the right amount of atmosphere B．a steady supply of water C．steady heat and light

D the right distance from the sun

答案：B 第三段提到生命需要适量的大气，第四段提到生命需要光和热的稳定供应，第五段提到有生命存在的星球与太阳的距离要适中，文中唯独没有提到水的供应。回答此类问题一定要以文章为依据，文章没提到的不一定就是错的。

58．Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

A．Astronomers believe that the universe is built of the same matter. B．Proper conditions are essential to the existence of life. C．Double stars can provide steady light and heat.

D．Astronomers believe that other solar systems are similar in structure to ours.

答案：C 第四段第二句的大意是“这排除了双星及突然闪耀的星体”，此段在讨论生命需要稳定的光和热，因此说明了双星不能提供稳定的光和热。

59．What kind of planet elsewhere in the universe can support life? A．Those double stars' planets.

B．Those planets much hotter than our earth. C．Those planets similar to the earth. D．Those planets very close to their suns.

答案：D 答题依据在倒数第二段。由58解析可得知双星的行星不支持生命；行星也不能过热，与它们的“太阳”的距离也要适中。与地球相似的行星才能支持生命的存在。

60．At the end of the passage the author suggests that ______ A．it is impossible for life to exist on other planets. B．earthlike life could only exist on a few planets. C．life could exist on only one planet in a million. D．life could exist on a great number of planets.

答案：D 文末提到即使只有百万分之一的行星上可能有生命存在，但宇宙有无数的行星，因此生命可能存在于很多行星上。

B

Say this for the structure of the universe: it does tend to repeat itself. Stars orbit the pivot point at the center of galaxies, planets in turn orbit stars, and moons in turn orbit planets. Last week astronomers writing in the journal Nature announced that this cosmic reductionism goes even further. For the first time, ground-based telescopes spotted a tiny moonlet orbiting a mere

asteroid in Earth's own solar system.

In most respects the asteroid that's causing the celestial stir is nothing remarkable. Known to astronomers as Eugenia, it measures about 133 miles across and is one of thousands of bits of cosmic flotsam in the great rubble stream between Mars and Jupiter. When an international team

of astronomers working at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) on Mauna Kea in Hawaii

turned their attention toward Eugenia one evening last fall, however, they spotted something curious. Off on the upper-left corner of the_fuzzy-looking_image was another smear of light they couldn't identify. “These blobs are often artifacts of the optics，” says astronomer William Merline, head of the team, “but this blob hung around. Once we saw it was moving in a pattern consistent with an orbit, we knew it was a satellite.”

The Hawaii discovery did not mark the first time a moonlet had been found around an asteroid. In 1993 the Galileo spacecraft sped past the 20-mile-wide asteroid Ida and spotted a

scrap of moon just under a mile wide circling it. But the only way Galileo could detect the tiny target was to fly there across many millions of miles of space and do its exploring up close. Now, thanks to new optics in the CFHT, it's possible to search for moonlets from the comfortable perch of a faraway Earth.

Light streaming in from space tends to get distorted by the planet's atmosphere, causing a star's familiar twinkle. The CFHT, however, is equipped with optical hardware that lets it calibrate itself on the light from a known star—whose degree of atmospheric distortion will generally be predictable—and then use that information to correct the distortion of other, unknown bodies. A little fiddling with the incoming image and even the blurriest picture snaps right into focus.

Already the discovery of the moonlet is paying scientific dividends. By analyzing the orbit of the satellite, astronomers are drawing surprising inferences about the composition of Eugenia itself. Most asteroids are thought to be about three times as dense as water, but Eugenia is barely 20% denser, suggesting it either is made of loosely packed rubble or is rich in ordinary ice. Further analysis could help settle the question, and more discoveries of more moonlets could shed similar light on Eugenia's asteroid-belt sisters.

61．By saying“it does tend to repeat itself”(Paragraph 1), the author means ________. A．the structure of the universe always appears again and again B．the universe itself is liable to repeat

C．the stars in the universe always orbit the pivot point at the center of the galaxies D．the structure of celestial bodies in the universe are really always similar

答案：D 推理判断题。文中先谈的就是宇宙结构，后面又说到恒星围绕着银河的轴心旋转，行星反而围绕着恒星转，卫星围绕着行星转动，可见，天体的结构是相似的。

62．By“the fuzzy-looking image”，(Paragraph 2)the author is actually referring to

________.

A．Eugenia B．a artifact C．a satellite D．the orbit

答案：A 推理判断题。文中第三段讲到，去年秋天的一个晚上，当他们开始关注尤金尼亚时，发现了一些奇妙的东西。在这个模糊不清影像右上角的上面，看到了另外一片他们无法辨别的模糊的光团。故这个影像就是指尤金尼亚。

63．How do people think of the new optics at the GFHT? A．comfortable B．helpful C．thankful D．faraway

答案：B 推理判断题。文中第三段讲到，多亏了CFHT的新的光学仪器，人们才可以在这个距离太空很远的地球上，找一个舒适的地方来研究小行星了。所以说这个仪器是有帮助的。

64．Why can little fiddling with the incoming image and even the blurriest picture snap right into focus?

A．The optical hardware makes this possible. B．The stars’ twinkle helps a lot.

C．The atmospheric distortion gives help.

D．The information from unknown stars can be used.

答案：A 推理判断题。因为有了光学仪器，才有可能对准已知的恒星的光，而已知恒星的大气折射一般是可以预测的，所以人们再利用这一信息，来校正一些未知星球的折射。这样一个极小的刚进入视野的影像，甚至最模糊的画面也被拍摄得很清晰了。所以说，这一切都是因为有了光学仪器。

65．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．The discovery of moonlet is paying money now.

B．More discoveries of more moonlets could give light to other similar asteroids. C．The Eugenia is not as dense as most asteroids. D．Eugenia is certainly made of small rubbles. 答案：C 细节判断题。主要是对第五段中几个句子的理解。参考译文很容易找到答案。

C

The meaning of the word“volunteer” may be a little different in different countries, but it usually means “one who offers his or her services.” There are many different ways in which people can volunteer, such as taking care of sick people, working in homes for homeless children, and picking up garbage from beaches and parks. Volunteers may work within their own countries or in other countries. They are often people with a strong wish to help those who are less fortunate than themselves. Volunteers don't expect any kind of pay.

At the root of volunteering is the idea that one person may have the ability to offer services that can help other people. Tracy, a good friend of mine, however, recently came back from India with a new idea of what being a volunteer means. She worked for two and a half weeks in one of Mother Teresa's homes in Calcutta. The following is her story.

“I first heard about Mother Teresa in my high school. We watched a video about her work in India and all over the world. I was so moved by her spirit to help others and her endless love for every human being that after I graduated from high school, I also wanted to try her kind of work. So with two friends I flew to Calcutta for a few weeks.”

“I was asked to work in a home for sick people. I helped wash clothes and sheets, and pass out lunch. I also fed the people who were too weak to feed themselves and tried to cheer them up. I felt it was better to share with them than to think that I have helped them. To be honest, I don't think I was helping very much. It was then that I realized that I had not really come to help, but to learn about and experience another culture that helped improve my own understanding of life and the world.”

66．According to the text, a volunteer refers to a person who ________. A．is willing to help those in need without pay B．can afford to travel to different places C．has a strong wish to be successful D．has made a big fortune in life

答案：A 根据第一段的“one who offers his or her services?.Volunteers don’t expect any kind of pay”来判断。

67．Tracy started her work as a volunteer ________. A．after she met Mother Teresa B．after she finished high school C．when she was touring Calcutta

D．when she was working in a hospital

答案：B 细节判断题。根据第三段中的“after I graduated from high school?I flew to Calcutta for a few weeks”可知。

68．Why did Tracy choose to be a volunteer? A．She liked to work with Mother Teresa. B．She had already had some experience.

C．She was asked by Mother Teresa's example. D．She wanted to follow Mother Teresa's example. 答案：D 推理判断题。根据第三段“I was so moved by her spirit?I too wanted to try her kind of work.”可知。

69．What is Tracy's “new idea” (Paragraph 2) of being a volunteer? A．Going abroad to help the sick. B．Working in Mother Teresa's home. C．Doing simple things to help the poor.

D．Improving oneself through helping others.

答案：D 第三、四段都是讲述她的new idea的经历的，从文中最后一句可知new idea的含义。

70．What is the best title for the passage? A．How To Be A Volunteer. B．Voluntary Life In India.

C．A Different Meaning Of Volunteer. D．Inspiration From Mother Teresa.

答案：C 本文以volunteer作为导入，讲述Tracy对volunteer新的体会。C项切合文章的主题。

D

The world economy has run into a brick wall. Despite countless warnings in recent years about the need to address a potential hunger crisis in poor countries and an energy crisis worldwide, world leaders failed to think ahead. The result is a global food crisis. Wheat, corn and rice prices have more than doubled in the past two years. And oil prices have increased more than three times since the start of 2004. These food-price increases, combined with increasing energy

costs, will slow if not stop economic growth in many parts of the world and will even affect political stability. Practical solutions to these problems do exist, but we'll have to start thinking ahead and acting globally.

Here are three steps to ease the current food crisis and avoid the potential for a global crisis. The first is to promote the dramatic success of Malawi, a country in southern Africa, which three years ago established a special fund to help its farmers get fertilizer and seeds with high productivity. Malawi's harvest doubled after just one year. An international fund based on the Malawi model would cost a mere $10 per person annually in the rich world, or $10 billion altogether.

Second, the U．S. and Europe should abandon their policies of paying partly for the change of food into biofuels. The U．S. government gives farmers a taxpayer—financed payment of 51 cents per gallon of ethanol(乙醇) changed from corn. There may be a case for biofuels produced on lands that do not produce foods—tree crops, grasses and wood products—but there's no case for the government to pay to put the world's dinner into the gas tank.

Third, we urgently need to weather-proof the world's crops as soon and as effectively as

possible. For a poor farmer, sometimes something as simple as a farm pond—which collects rainwater to be used in dry weather—can make the difference between a good harvest and a bad one. The world has already committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation hind to help poor regions climate-proof vital economic activities such as food production and health care but has not

yet acted upon the promise.

71．What is the cause of global food crisis? A．Hunger crisis in poor countries. B．Increasing food prices.

C．World leaders' failure to think ahead. D．Increased energy costs.

答案：C 细节理解题。文章第一段有“world leaders failed to think ahead. The result is a global food crisis.”一句。

72．An international fund based on the Malawi model would ____. A．cost each of the developed countries $10 billion per year

B．aim to double the harvest in southern African countries in a year C．decrease the food prices as well as the energy prices

D．give poor farmers access to fertilizer and highly productive seeds

答案：D 参照第二段原文“?promote the dramatic success of Malawi?which?established a special fund to help its farmers get fertilizer and seeds with high productivity.”。

73．With the second step, the author expresses the idea that ________. A．it is not wise to change food crops into gas