2014年上海普陀区高三英语二模（附答案） - 图文

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Scientists in Norway have more good news for coffee drinkers. Researchers have already found evidence that the drink or the beans can help with weight loss, 50 one’s risk of developing some diseases, promote muscle growth, protect against certain types of cancers and can even reduce one’s risk of premature death, among many other 51 . Now comes word that a cup of 52 reduces physical pain.

The surprising finding is 53 a study involving 48 volunteers who agreed to spend 90

minutes performing fake computer tasks meant to finish office work. The tasks were known to 54 pain in the shoulders, neck, forearms and wrists. The researchers wanted to 55 how people with pain and those who were pain-free tolerated the pain of such tasks. As a matter of convenience, the scientists allowed people to drink coffee before taking the test ‘to avoid 56 effects of caffeine lack, e.g. decreased vigor and alertness, sleepiness, and exhaustion.’ they reported.

When it came time to analyze the data the researchers from Norway’s National Institute of

Occupational Health and Oslo University Hospital noticed that the 19 people who drank coffee reported a lower 57 of pain than the 29 people who didn't. In the shoulders and neck, 58 , the average pain was rated 41 (on a 100-point scale) among the coffee drinkers and 55 for the non-coffee drinkers. Similar gaps were found for all pain sites measured, and coffee’s apparent pain -reduction effect 59 . However, the authors of the study, which was published this week in the journal BMC Research Notes, warn that the results of the study come with many 60 . For starters, the researchers don’t know how much coffee the coffee drinkers consumed before taking the computer tasks. 61 . they doubt whether the coffee drinkers and non-coffee drinkers were 62 in all respects except for their coffee consumption. Problems like these tend to 63 the importance of the findings. But those doubts are 64 to trouble the coffee drinkers looking for any reason not to cut back on their daily caffeine habit. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62.

A. take A. profits A. milk A. based on A. cause A. warn

A. unpleasant A. tendency

A. on the contrary A. turned up A. satisfaction A. Moreover A. contemporary

B. reduce B. advices B. water B. fond of B. endure B. compare B. modest B. intention B. as a result B. took up

B. uncertainties B. However B. similar

C. increase C. benefits C. coke

C. different from C. ease C. cure

C. significant C. intensity C. for instance C. put up

C. consequences C. Otherwise C. different D. face

D. promotions D. coffee

D. qualified for D. relieve D. treat D. positive D. extension D. in one word D. gave up

D. qualifications D. Nevertheless D. initial

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63. A. realize B. attach C. demonstrate D. weaken 64. A. unlikely B. sensible C. jealous D. miserable

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

I believe that memory is never lost, even when it seems to be, because it has more to do with the heart than the mind.

At the same time my 44-year-old husband, Ed, was losing his life, my mother was losing her ability to remember. She forgot how to start the car, whether or not she had eaten and which family members had died — including my father.

I became afraid that one day I, too, would be unable to recall my husband, not because of Alzheimer’s (早老性痴呆), but simply because my memory of him might disappear. So from the day of Ed’s diagnosis (诊断) until his death a year later, I set out to memorize him. I’d always be able to recite his qualities — kind, gentle, smart, funny — but I wanted to be able to think about the physical man in my mind as fully as possible when he was gone.

Later I learnt that memory has a will of its own. You can’t control it any more than you can influence the weather. When it springs up, a person loved and lost is found, even just for a few seconds.

Recently, when I was driving, I had a deep and sudden sense of Ed, and the way it felt to have him next to me in the car. My body softened as it used to when we were together seven years ago, living a shared life. I wasn’t remembering his face or the way he walked; the careful details I had stored had nothing to do with this moment in the car. And my mom’s brain couldn’t label my father correctly, but that was not important. It was clear to me that her husband was vivid in her heart, a memory even Alzheimer’s could not destroy.

I believe there is a difference between memory and remembering. Remembering has something to do with turning the oven off before leaving the house, but memory is nurtured by emotion. It springs from a deeper well, safe from the passage of time.

65. Ed is _____.

A. the author’s mother C. the author’s husband

66. Memory has its own will so _____.

A. the weather can’t control our memory C. it can spring up for a few seconds

B. it may happen anytime and anywhere D. it is safe from a passage of time B. the author’s father D. a physical man

67. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Alzeimer’s is not very harmful to human beings. B. A physical man must be kind, gentle, smart, funny.

C. Memory has much to do with the deep emotion in one’s heart. D. Good memory begins with turning the oven off before leaving. 68. What is the best title of the passage?

A. Memory — the deeper well from our heart

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B. Differences between memory and remembering C. Alzheimer’s can never destroy our memory D. Memory — the passage of time

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69. The letter is probably from _____.

A. Supervisor Management Unit B. Thames Valley Police C. Criminal Justice System D. Crime Reduction Committee 70. Ms. Adamczak is _____.

A. a victim in a crime B. a famous crime-news reporter C. a professional policeman D. a detective in clearing up crimes 71. What does the word “leads” most probably mean?

A. Clue. B. Darkness. C. Investigation. D. Contact.

(C)

We start finding things laughable — or not laughable— early in life. An infant first smiles at approximately eight days of age. In his book Beyond Laughter, psychiatrist Martin Grotjahn says that the earlier infants begin to smile and laugh, the more advanced their development is. Studies revealed that, children who did not develop these responses “developed a schizophrenic psychosis(精神分裂性精神病) in later life, or simply gave up and dies”.

Between the ages of six months and one year, babies learn to laugh for essentially the same reasons they will laugh throughout their lives, says Dr. Jacob Levine: He says that people laugh to express mastery over an anxiety. Adult laughter is more subtle(微妙的)，but we also laugh at what we used to fear. The feeling: of achievement., or lack of it, remains a leading factor. Giving a first dinner party is an anxious event for newly-weds. Will the food be good? Will the guests get along? All goes well; the pony is over. Now they laugh freely. Their pleasure is from recalling the evening's activities. They couldn't enjoy the second pleasure without the first.

Laughter is a social response caused by signals. Scientists have not determined a brain center for laughter, and they are puzzled by parents with certain types of brain damage who go into laughing. with no apparent reason. The rest of us require company and a reason to laugh. Another reason why laughter is pleasurable is because of the physical feeling involved.

According to Dr. Levine, we can measure our adjustment to the world by our capacity to laugh. When we are secure about our abilities, we can make fun of our weakness. If we can laugh through our anxieties, we will not be overpowered by them.

The ability to laugh starts early, but it takes a lifetime to perfect. Says Dr. Levine, “When social relationships are mastered, when individuals have mastered ... a peaceful relationship with themselves, then they have ... the sense of humor.” And then they can throw back their heads and laugh.

72. The infant who begins to smile or laugh early will _____.

A. have more advantages of development in growth and health B. suffer from schizophrenic psychosis and even die in later life C. become a more subtle laughter when he or she grows up

D. be more likely to take a whole life to perfect smiling and laughing 73. The expression “the first” in Paragraph 2 refers to _____.

A. a leading factor B. recalling evening activities C. mastery over anxieties D. learning to laugh 74. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?

A. The more you laugh and smile, the more likely you will be to succeed. B. Smile and laugh show your ability to overpower weakness and anxieties. C. Mastering social relationships means having a sense of humor.

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