高英

Unit 1 Pub Talk and the King's English 1. And it is an activity only of humans.

Conversation is an activity which is found only among human beings. 2. Conversation is not for making a point.

Conversation is not for persuading others to accept our idea or point of view. 3. In fact, the best conversationalists are those who are prepared to lose.

In fact ,a person who really enjoys and is skilled at conversation will not argue to win or force others to accept his point of view.

4. Bar friends are not deeply involved in each other's lives.

People who meet each other for a drink in the bar of a pub are not intimate friends for they are not deeply absorbed or engrossed in each other’s lives. 5. it could still go ignorantly on.

The conversation could go on without anybody knowing who was right or wrong. 6. They are cattle in the fields, but we sit down to beef (boeuf).

These animals are called cattle when they are alive and feeding in the fields; but when we sit down at the table to eat , we call their meat beef.

7. The new ruling class had built a cultural barrier against him by building their French against hi

s own language.

The new ruling class by using French instead of English made it difficult for the English to accept or absorb the culture of the rulers. 8. English had come royally into its own.

The English language received proper recognition and became an official language.

9. The phrase has always been used a little pejoratively and even facetiously by the lower classe

s.

The phrase \asses.

10. The rebellion against a cultural dominance is still there.

There still exists in the working people a spirit of opposition to the cultural control of the ruling class.

11. There is always a great danger, as Carlyle put it, that \

There is always a great danger that we might forget that words are only symbols and take them for things they are supposed to represent.

Unit 2 Marrakech

1. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. The burying-ground is just a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth looking like a deserted and abandoned construction site.

2. All colonial empires are in reality founded upon that fact.

All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies like animals. 3. They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard.

They are born. Then for a few years they work, toil and starve. Finally they die and are buried in graves without a name, and nobody notices that they are dead.

4. A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed.

Sitting with his legs crossed and using a very old-fashioned lathe, a carpenter quickly gives a round shape to the chair-legs he is making.

5. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews.

Immediately from their dark hole-like cells everywhere a great number of Jews rushed out wildly excited.

6. …every one of them looks on a cigarette as a more or less impossible luxury.

Every one of these poor Jews looked on the cigarette as a piece of luxury which they could not possibly afford.

7. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.

However, a white -skinned European is always quite noticeable.

8. In a tropical landscape one’s eye takes in everything except the human beings.

If you take a look at the natural scenery in a tropical region, you see everything but the human beings.

9. No one would think of running cheap trips to the Distressed Areas.

No one would think of organizing cheap trips for the tourists to visit the poor slum areas.

10. …for nine-tenths of the people the reality of life is an endless, back-breaking struggle to wring a little food out of an eroded soil.

Life is very hard for ninety percent of the people. With hard backbreaking toil they can produce a little food on the poor soil．

11．She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say as a beast of burden.

She took it for granted that as an old woman she was the lowest in the community, that she was only fit for doing heavy work like an animal． From 409

12. People with brown skins are next door to invisible.

People with brown skins are almost invisible．

13．Their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms…

The Senegalese soldiers were wearing ready-made khaki uniforms which hid their beautiful well-built bodies．

Unit3 Inaugural Address

1. And yet the same revolutionary belief for which our forebears fought is still at issue around the globe...

Our ancestors fought a revolutionary war to maintain that all men were created equal and God had given them certain unalienable rights which no state or ruler could take away from them. But today this issue has not yet been decided in many countries around the world. 2. This much we pledge—and more.

This much we promise to do and we promise to do more.

3. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures.

United and working together we can accomplish a lot of things in a great number of joint undertakings.

4. …our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of peace…

The UN is our last and best hope of survival in an age where the instruments of war have far surpassed the instruments of peace.

5. …to enlarge the area in which its writ may run.

We pledge to help the United Nations enlarge the area in which its authority and mandate would continue to be in effect or in force.

6. …before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-destruction.

Before the terrible forces of destruction, which atomic bombs can now release, wipe out mankind, which may be planned or brought about by an accident. From 409

7. …yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind’s final war.

Yet both groups of nations are trying to change as quickly as possible this uncertain balance of terrible military power which restrains each group from launching mankind's final war.

8. So let us begin anew, remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of weakness,… So let us start once again and let us remember that being polite is not a sign of weakness. 9. Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors.

Let both sides try to call forth the wonderful things that science can do for mankind instead of the frightful things it can do.

10. …each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty. Americans of every generation have been called upon to prove their loyalty to their country .

11. With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love,…

Let history finally judge whether we have done our task welt or not, but our sure reward will be a good con-science for we will have worked sincerely and to the best of our ability.

Unit 4 Love Is a Fallacy

1. A nice enough young fellow, you understand, but nothing upstairs. He is a nice enough young fellow, you know, but he is empty-headed. 2. Fads, I submit, are the very negation of reason.

A passing fashion or craze, in my opinion, shoes a complete lack of reason. 3.I should have known they’d come back when the Charleston came back.

I ought to have known that raccoon coat would come back to fashion when the Charleston dance, which was popular in the 1920s, came back

4. All the Big Men on Campus are wearing them. Where’ve you been?

All the important and fashionable men on campus are wearing them. How come you don’t know? 5. My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear.

My brain, which is a precision instrument, began to work at a high speed. 6. With one omission, Polly fitted these specifications perfect

Except for one thing (intelligence) Polly had all other requirements.

7. She was not yet of pin-up proportions, but I felt that time would supply the lack. She already had the makings. From 409

She was not as beautiful as those girls in posters but I felt sure she would become beautiful enough after some time.

8. In fact, she veered in the opposite direction.

In fact, she was in the opposite direction, that is, she is not intelligent but rather stupid. 9. In other words, if you were out of the picture, the field would be open. Is that right? If you stop dating her, others would be free to compete to get her as a girlfriend. 10. Back and forth his head swiveled, desire waxing, resolution waning.

His head turned back and forth. Every time he looked his desire for the coat grew stronger and his resolution not to give away Polly become weaker. 11. This loomed as a project of no small dimensions, To teach her to think appeared to be rather big task.

12. Admittedly it was not a prospect fraught with hope, but I decided to give it one more try. One must admit the outcome does not look very hopeful, but I decided to try one more time. 13. There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear. There is a limit to what any human being can bear.

14. I was not Pygmalion; I was Frankenstein, and my monster had me by the throat.

I planned to be Pygmalion, to fashion an ideal wife for myself, but I turned out to be Frankenstein because Polly ultimately rejected me and ruined my plan.

15. Frantically I fought back the tide of panic surging through me; at all costs I had to keep cool. Desperately I tried to stop the feeling of panic that was overwhelming me.

The ones who come from Omelas

1. With a clamor of bells that set the swallows soaring, the Festival of Summer came to the city

Omelas…

The 1oud ringing of the bells, which sent the frightened swallows flying high, marked the beginning of the Festival of Summer in Omelas.

2. …their high calls rising like the swallow’s crossing flights over the music and the singing.

The shouting of the children could be heard clearly above the music and singing like the calls of the swallows flying by overhead.

3. …exercised their restive horses before the race.

The riders were putting the horses through some exercises because the horses were eager to start and stubbornly resisting the control of the riders.

4. Given a description such as this one tends to make certain assumptions.

After reading the above description the reader is likely to assume certain things.

5. This is the treason of the artist: a refusal to admit the banality of evil and the terrible

boredom of pain.

An artist betrays his trust when he does not admit that evil is nothing fresh nor novel and pain is very dull and uninteresting.

6. They were mature, intelligent, passionate adults whose lives were not wretched.

They were fully developed and intelligent grown-up people full of intense feelings and they were not miserable people.

7. Perhaps it would be best if you imagined it as your own fancy bids, assuming it will rise to the

occasion…

Perhaps it would be best if the reader pictures Omelas to himself as his imagination tells him, assuming his imagination will be equal to the task.

8. …the faint insistent sweetness of drooz may perfume the ways of the city…

The faint but compelling sweet scent of the drug drooz may fill the streets of the city.