初中英语单词分类记忆大全.

7）-ful（充满，形容词后缀）：successful（成功的）、wonderful（精彩的）colorful（颜色鲜艳的/丰富多彩的）beautiful（美丽的）careful（仔细的/小心的）peaceful（平静的/和平的）playful（顽皮的）

8）-less（没有/无，形容词后缀）：care→careless（粗心的）helpless（无助的）homeless（无家可归的）useless(无用的)

9）-y（表性质，形容词后缀）funny（有趣的）healthy（健康的）sleepy（困倦的）tasty（味美可口的）lucky（幸运的）salty（含盐的；咸的）

10）-al（…的，形容词后缀）：nature（大自然/天性）→natural（天生的/自然的）national（国家的）personal（私人的/个人的）medical（医学的）final（最后的）

11）-able（能够…的，形容词后缀）：comfortable（舒服的）knowledgeable（知识渊博的）suitable（合适的）

12）-ous（形容词后缀）：delicious（美味的）nervous（紧张的）famous（著名的） 13）-ern（表…方向的）：eastern/western/southern/northern（东/西/南/北方的） 14）-ly（形容词或副词后缀）：

作形容词后缀时：lovely（可爱的）friendly（友好的）lively（充满活力的）daily（每日的；日常的）

作副词后缀时：usually（通常）simply（简单地）probably（可能地）really（真正地）quickly（迅速地）slowly（缓慢地）certainly（当然）clearly（清楚地；明显地）strongly（坚定地）exactly（正；恰恰）

15）-ed（形容词后缀）：surprised（感到惊讶的）interested（感兴趣的）excited（感到兴奋的）relaxed（轻松的）worried（烦恼的）embarrassed（感到尴尬的）tired（疲倦的）organized（有组织的）injured（受伤的）endangered（濒临灭绝的）polluted（被污染的） 16）-ing（形容词或名词后缀）：

形容词后缀：interesting（有趣的）exciting（令人兴奋的）outstanding（杰出的）amazing（令人惊异的）disappointing（令人失望的）following（以下的）willing（乐意的；心甘情愿的）fascinating（迷人的）frustrating（令人失望的）embarrassing（令人尴尬的）tiring

（令人疲倦的）

名词后缀：building（建筑物）training（训练）meaning（意思）ending（结局；结尾） 3、转化法：个单词由一种词类转化为另一种词类，这种构词法教转化法。单词转化后的意义往往与之前的意义密切联系。

show（n.展览、展示）→show（v.表演、展出）water（n.水）→water（v.浇水）slow（adj.慢的）→slow（v.放慢）walk（v.散步、走）→take a walk（n.散步）rest（v.休息）→take a rest（n.休息）look（v.看）→have a look（n.看一下）store（n.商店）→store（v.储存）graduate（v.毕业生）→graduate（v.毕业）taste（n.味道）→taste（味道；鉴赏力）sound（n.声音）→sound（v.听起来）light（n.光线）→light（v.点燃）study（v.学习；研究）→study（n.学习；研究）smell（n.嗅觉；气味）→smell（v.闻）empty（adj.空的）→empty（v.排空）fool（n.愚人）→fool（愚弄）kid（n.小孩）→kid（v.开玩笑）land（n.陆地）→land（v.着陆）smile（n.微笑）→smile（v.微笑）waste（n.浪费；废弃物）→waste（v.浪费）lock（n.锁）→lock（v.锁住）book（n.书）→book（v.预定）， 三、同义近义词记忆法

answer—reply（回答）reach—get to—arrive at/in（到达）begin—start（开始）fast—quick（快速的）question—problem（问题）healthy—fit（健康的）voice—sound（声音）tour—trip（旅行）bicycle—bike（自行车）often—usually（常）ill—sick（生病的）trash—litter—rubbish—garbage（垃圾）very—quite（非常）shop—store（商店）clever—smart（聪明的）holiday—vacation（假期）cute—lovely（可爱的）area—district（地区）film—movie（电影）look after—take care of—care for（照顾）right—correct(正确) impolite—rude（不礼貌的；粗鲁的）purse—wallet（钱包）fix up—repair—mend（修理）theme—topic（主题）perhaps—probably（或许；大概）chance—opportunity（机会）company—firm（公司） 四、反义词记忆法

man—woman boy—girl waiter—waitress police—thief before—after birth—death ask—answer borrow—return buy—sell big—small easy—difficult dry—wet early—late cold—hot cool—warm careful—careless hungry—full cheap—expensive young—old

new—old safe—dangerous strong—weak busy—free lose—find laugh—cry

possible—impossible long—short tall—short fat—thin high—low right—wrong up—down like—dislike love—hate save—waste accept—refuse light—heavy rich—poor first—last take—bring interesting—boring awake—asleep healthy—ill ancient—modern quick—slow push—pull beautiful—ugly quiet—noisy clean—dirty succeed—fail same—different full—empty adult—child huge—tiny native—foreign wait in line—cut in line out of style—in style hard-working—lazy

附录：一、不规则形容词副词比较级与最高级 good/well---better---best

bad/badly/ill---worse---worst

many/much---more---most

little---less---least far---farther/further---farthest/furthest old---older/elder---oldest/eldest 二、不规则名词复数形式 （1）单复数同形的名词

Chinese—Chinese，deer—deer，sheep—sheep，fish—fish （2）单复数不同形的名词

child—children，foot—feet，tooth—teeth，man—men，woman—women， mouse—mice 附：以f(e)结尾的单词，一般变f为v，再加es或s 。如： wife—wives,

knife—knives,

wolf—wolves,

thief—thieves,

shelf—shelves,

oneself—oneselves, life—lives, half—halves, leaf—leaves等 特例：roof（屋顶）其复数形式为roofs。 三、不规则动词表

1、过去式与过去分词与动词原形相同的动词（三同）

Beat—beat—beat/beaten cost—cost—cost hurt—hurt—hurt hit—hit—hit let—let—let cut—cut—cut put—put—put read—read—read

2、原单词中字母i改为a即可变为其过去式，字母i改为u即可变为其过去分词的动词（三不同）begin—began—begun drink—drank—drunk ring—rang—rung sing—sang—sung swim—swam—swum

3、原单词aw/ow改为ew即可变为其过去式，单词后面加上字母n即可变为其过去分词的动词（三不同）draw—drew—drawn grow—grew—grown know—knew—known 4、原单词中字母i改为a即可变为其过去式和过去分词的动词 babysit—babysat—babysat sit—sat—sat

5、原单词eep改为ept即可变为其过去式和其过去分词的动词 keep—kept—kept sleep—slept—slept sweep—swept—swept 6、原单词end改为ent即可变为其过去式和其过去分词的动词 lend—lent—lent spend—spent—spent send—sent—sent 7、过去式和过去分词以aught/ought结尾的动词

bring—brought—brought buy—bought—bought catch—caught—caught fight—fought—fought think—thought—thought teach—taught—taught 8、其他过去式与过去分词同样的动词

build—built—built feed—fed—fed feel—felt—felt find—found—found hang—hung/hanged—hung/hanged

have/has—had—had

hear—heard—heard

hold—held—held lay—laid—laid learn—learned/learnt—learned/learnt leave—left— left

lose—lost—lost

make—made—made

mean—meant—meat

meet—met—met pay—paid—paid say—said—said show—showed—showed/shown spell—spelled/spelt—spelled/spelt stand—stood—stood sell—sold—sold tell—told—told win—won—won 9、其它特殊记 am/is—was—been do/does—did—done

are—were—been

bear—bore—born

eat—ate—eaten

break—broke—broken

fall—fell—fallen

drive—drove—driven

fly—flew—flown forget—forgot—forgotten/forgot freeze—froze—frozen get—got—gotten/got may—might—

/

give—gave—given ride—rode—ridden

go—went—gone run—ran—run

lie—lay—lain see—saw—seen

shall—should— / speak—spoke—spoken take—took—taken