译林牛津版高中英语选修9教案：U1 Grammar and usage

牛津高中英语教学设计

单 元：Unit 1 Other countries, other cultures 板 块：Grammar and usage

Thoughts on the design:

本课时是有关定语从句复习的语法课。英语句子中存在大量的定语从句。高三学生已经

分别系统地学习了定语从句，但是使用时仍容易出现错误，因此此部分帮助学生进一步理清语法结构、理解句子含义、提高阅读能力。

定语从句的综述复习将占一个课时。本课件设计旨在加强学生识别定语从句的能力，并

着重复习从句的重点、难点，如：that和which的区别，where的用法，as的用法以及the way后面的定语从句。并完成相关练习。

Teaching aims:

After reviewing the attributive clause, students will be able to identify the clause in a sentence and apply it in different situations. In this teaching period, students are expected to establish a clear understanding of the clause and fulfill some exercises.

Teaching procedures:

Step 1 General introduction

1. Introduce the adverbial clause to students as follows:

Attributive clauses are like adjectives and there are two kinds of them—restrictive and

non-restrictive.

Some relative pronouns and relative adverbs can be used to lead the attributive clause.

2. Generally review the functions of relative pronouns and adverbs used in the attributive clause.

relative pronouns relative adverbs who, whom, which, that, as, whose where, when, why

3. Get students to compare the restrictive and non-restrictive attributive clauses.

Type Restrictive attributive clause Non-restrictive attributive clause

He has two sons who work in the He has two sons, who work in the Example same company. same company. He has only two sons. Explanation Perhaps he has more than two sons.

Step 2 Review of the attributive clause

1. Help students compare THAT and WHICH used in attributive clauses by completing the following sentences.

1) Do you have anything __________ you don’t understand? 2) The only thing __________ we can do is to give you some advice. 3) Who is the man __________ is standing there?

4) Her bag, in __________ she put all her money, has been stolen.

5) She heard a terrible noise, __________ brought her heart into her mouth. Answers: 1) that 2) that 3) that 4) which 5) which 2. Ask students to deal with the attributive clauses beginning with “prep. + which / whom”. 1) Do you know the boy ____________ your mother is talking? 2) He gave me some novels ____________ I am not very familiar. 3) I still remember the day ____________ I first got to Paris. 4) Do you like the book ____________ she paid $10?

5) He built a telescope ____________ he could study the skies. Answers: 1) to whom 2) with which 3) on which 4) for which 5). through which 3. Ask students to learn the usage of WHERE in attributive clauses. “Where” can be used to not only refer to a place, but also to represent a situation. Therefore, “where” can be used after such words as point, situation, part, case and condition.

Can you tell me the office where he works? I’ve come to the point where I can’t stand him.

The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time. 4. Ask students to learn the usage of AS in attributive clauses.

(1) Compare the following sentences:

It is known to all that having a good knowledge of vocabulary is basic to language learning. →As is known to all, having a good knowledge of vocabulary is basic to language learning. (2) Point out that “as” can be used at the beginning of a sentence to refer to the main

clause.

There are some set phrases with “as”: as anybody can see

as we had expected as often happens as is mentioned above ...

(3) “As” can be used in restrictive attributive clauses in the form of “such…as, so…as, the same…as”. Compare the following sentences.

It is such a big stone that nobody can lift it. (an adverbial clause) It is such a big stone as nobody can lift. (an attributive clause)

5. Ask students to review the structure of “the way + attributive clause”. Understand the difference between the following sentences.

The way that/ in which/不填he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. The way that/ which/不填 he explained to us was quite simple.

Step 3 Practice

1. He was educated at the local high school, ______ he went on to Beijing University.

A. after which

B. after that

C. in which

D. in that

2. The Science Museum, ______ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.

A. which

B. what

C. that

D. where

3. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _____ are beyond our control.

A. most of them

B. most of which

C. most of what

D. most of that

4. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, ______ New York is an example.

A. for which B. in which

C. of which

D. from which

5. We went through a period ______ communications were very difficult in the rural areas. A. which

B. whose

C. in which

D. with which

6. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, ______ was more than we could expect. A. it

B. what

C. which

D. that

7.The man pulled out a gold watch, ______ were made of small diamonds. A. the hands of whom C. which the hands of

B. whom the hands of D. the hands of which

8. I’ll give you your friend’s home address, ______ I can be reached most evenings. A. which Answers: 1. A 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. C 7. D 8. D

Step 4 Consolidation

Ask students to deal with some multiple choices about the three types of clauses. 1. Occasions are quite rare _____ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.

A. who

B. which

C. why

D. when

B. when

C. whom

D. where

2. I used to love that film _____ I was a child, but I don’t feel it that way any more.

A. once

B. when

C. since

D. although

3. I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long, but it’ll still be some time _____ Brian get back. A. before

B. since

C. till

D. after

4. Yesterday she sold her car, _____ she bought a month ago. A. whom

B. where

C. that

D. which

5. We’ll have a picnic in the park this Sunday _____ it rains or it’s very cold. A. since

B. if

C. unless

D. until

6. The companies are working together to create _____ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. A. which

B. that

C. what

D. who

7. They will fly to Washington, _____ they plan to stay for two or three days.