[教育资料]外研版初二（下）英语第6讲：Module 3 语法篇（教师版）学习专用

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Module 3语法篇

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1.熟练掌握现在完成时的标志词的用法

2.掌握have/has been to, have/has gone to与have/has been in的区别 3.掌握 yet与already的区别

现在完成时（2）

1. 现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。它是从时间上或后果上和现在联系起来，而不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系，可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。

2. have/has been to, have/has gone to与have/has been in

1) have/has been to意为“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在那里了，后可接次数，如once，twice，three times等，表示“去过某地几次”，也可和 just，never，ever等连用。如： My father has been to Beijing twice. 我父亲去过北京两次。 I have never been to the Great Wall. 我从未去过长城。

2) have/has gone to表示“到某地去了”，说话时该人不在现场。一般只用第三人称作主语。 —Where is Jim? —吉姆在哪里？

—He has gone to England. —他去英国了。（尚未回来）

Mr. Wang isn't here. He has gone to Qingdao. 王先生不在这里。他去青岛了。 3) have/has been in表示“在某地呆了多少时间”，常与时间段状语连用。如： I have been in Shanghai for three years．我到上海已有三年了。 He has been in London for half a month．他来伦敦已有半个月了。

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教育资源 注意：

4) have been to，have gone to和have been in后接表示地点的副词there，here等时，介词to和in常省略。

You have never been there before，have you? 你以前从没有去过那儿，是吗？ They have gone there. 他们已去那儿了。

5) have been in后面还可接表示组织、团体的名词，表示“某人加入某组织”。 He has been in the Party for two years. 他入党已经两年了。 3. yet与already

1)already通常用于肯定句中，意为“已经”。有时already用于疑问句中表示惊讶、怀疑等语气。 I have finished reading the book already．我已经读完这本书了。

Have you finished reading the book already？你真的已经读完这本书了？（表示惊讶）

2)yet一般用在疑问句或否定句中：在疑问句中意为“已经”，在否定句中意为“还”，通常放在句末。 —Have you found the book yet？你已经找到那本书了吗？ —Not yet．还没找到。 She hasn't finished her homework yet．她还没有做完作业。 单项选择

1.（2019江苏连云港中考）In the past few years, great changes A. take place

B. took place

C. have taken place

in Lianyungang. D. have been taken place

2.（2019江西中考）---Ben and Sue aren't home, are they? ---No. They A. have gone

to London on business.

B. go

C. have been

D. will go

3.（2019福建福州中考）---Liu Ming, is that our head teacher Miss Chen over there? ---It can't be her. She A. has been to

Xiamen for a meeting.

C. has been away

B. has gone to

4.（2019南京中考）---Lily, why are you still here? School is over for half an hour. 教育资源

教育资源 ---Because I A. won't finish

my task yet. I still need one more hour.

B. didn't finish

C. haven't finished

D. hadn't finished

. 5.（2019天津蓟县期中）However, we have not found life on any other planets A. already

B. yet

C. either

D. ever

6. It is said that there A. are

lots of stars in the sky for millions of years. Do you think so?

C. will be

D. have been

B. were

解析及答案：

1. 句意：在过去几年里连云港已经发生了巨大的变化。时间状语in the past few years与现在完成时连用；take place没有被动形式，故选C。

2. 结合本题语境可知，Ben和Sue不在家，他们去伦敦出差了，故A符合题意。 3. 结合本题语境可知，她去厦门开会了，还没有回来。故B项符合题意。

4. 句意：“莉莉，你为什么还在这里？已经放学半小时了。”“因为我还没有完成我的任务。我还需要一个小时。”由yet及问句时态可判断，该句要用现在完成时，只有C符合要求。

5. 句意：然而，我们还没有在任何其他行星上找到生命。在现在完成时的否定句中，用yet表示“还没有；尚未”，故选B。

6. there be句型的现在完成时，结构是“there have/has been...”，故答案为Ｄ。

基础演练

一、按要求转换句型

1. I have already read this book. (改为一般疑问句)

you this book ? 2. They haven't seen each other for two years. (对划线部分提问)

they seen each other? 3. The boy has ridden a horse several times. (对划线部分提问)

has the boy ridden a horse? 教育资源

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4. His father has been to Australia. (改为一般疑问句)

his father to Australia? 5. The bridge was built 500 years ago. (对划线部分提问)

the bridge ? 6. I have already watered the plants. (改为否定句)

I watered the plants . 7. Did your uncle visit England last year? (改为现在完成时)

your uncle England? 8. We have done something very special. (改为一般疑问句)

done very special? 9. My parents have been to London. (对划线部分提问)

your parents ? 10. I have ever visited the Great Wall with my son. (改为否定句)

I visited the Great Wall with my son. 答案： 1. Have, read, yet 2. How long haven't 3. How many times 4. Has, been 5. When was, built 6. haven't; yet 7. Has, ever, visited 8. Have you, anything 9. Where have, been 教育资源