2018-2019学年高中英语人教版选修七Unit 3 Under the sea reading课时作业(10)

Unit 3 Under the sea reading课时作业

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A DINERS

TONY SOPRANO’S LAST MEAL

Between 1912 and the 1990s, New Jersey State was home to more than 20 diner

manufacturers who made probably 95 percent of the diners in the U.S., says Katie Zavoski, who is helping hold a diner exhibit. What makes a diner a diner? (And not,say, a coffee shop?) Traditionally, a diner is built in a factory and then delivered to its own town or city rather than constructed on-site. Zavoski credits New Jersey’s location as the key to its mastery of the form. “It was just the perfect place to manufacture the diners,” she says. “We would ship them wherever we needed to by sea.”

VISIT “Icons of American Culture:History of New Jersey Diners”, running through June 2017 at The Cornelius House/Middlesex County Museum in Piscataway, New Jersey GOOD FOOD, GOOD TUNES

Suzanne Vega’s 1987 song “Tom’s Diner” is probably best known for its frequently sampled “doo doo doo doo” melody (旋律) rather than its diner-related lyrics. Technically, it’s not even really about a diner—the setting is New York City’s Tom’s Restaurant, which Vega frequented when she was studying at Barnard. Vega used the word “diner” instead because it “sings better that way”, she told The New York Times. November 18 has since been called Tom’s Diner Day, because on that day in 1981, the New York Post’s front page was a story about the death of actor William Holden. In her song Vega sings:“And I open up the paper/There’s a story of an actor who had died while he was drinking.”

LISTEN “Tom’s Diner” by Suzanne Vega MEET THE DINER ANTHROPOLOGIST

Richard J.S. Gutman has been called the “Jane Goodall of diners” (he even consulted on Barry Levinson’s 1982 film, Diner). His book, American Diner:Then & Now, traces the evolution of the “night lunch wagon”, set up by Walter Scott in 1872, to the early 1920s, when the diner got its name (adapted from “dining car”), and on through the 1980s. Gutman has his own diner

facilities (floor plans, classic white mugs,a cashier’s booth);250 of these items are part of an exhibit in Rhode Island.

READ American Diner:Then & Now(John Hopkins University Press)

VISIT “Diners:Still Cooking in the 21st Century”, currently running at the Culinary Arts Museum at Johnson & Wales University in Providence, Rhode Island 1.In what way is a diner different from a coffee shop?

A.Its location.

B.Its management. D.Where it is constructed.

C.From what it is built.

2.What do we know about Vega’s 1987 song “Tom’s Diner”?

A.It warns people not to drink. B.It was inspired by Tom’s Diner Day. C.Its melody is preferred to its lyrics. D.Its original title was Tom’s Restaurant.

B

I was always that kid in school, the one whose notes were color-coded in shorthand only I could read. In college, everyone said taking notes on a laptop was superior. Recently, Princeton University teamed up with UCLA (University of California at Los Angeles) to test this scientifically, and the results were puzzling.

Experimenters assigned college students to hear the same lecture, but either in a classroom equipped with notebooks or one with laptops. After 30 minutes of note-taking, students took quizzes on retention (记忆力) of facts (dates, statistics, etc) and concepts (comprehension, making connections).

While students using laptops were likely to take more notes and copy exactly what teachers said, they were less likely to retain information. Laptop users memorized about the same number of facts as students who handwrote, but they performed worse when tested on ideas. This held true whether students were tested immediately or given a week to study.

The main benefit of typing notes:It’s faster. This could actually be the problem. Students who write their notes by hand are forced to paraphrase (释义) to keep up with professors’ speech. Experts say that summarizing forces students to engage with material. They think about lectures more deeply, processing and committing them to memory. But when students can copy down

information as quickly as it’s given, they passively transcribe (逐字打出来) lectures without thinking about their meanings.

Perhaps because it remains so popular, many tips and technologies optimize digital note-taking. For example, apps like Evernote, FreeNote, and OneNote have been available for years. They keep notes organized and even allow students to include pictures. Experts also suggest using a stylus, which allows for extra speed while still committing notes to memory, a compromise between digital and handwritten notes. Apps like Noteshelf easily accommodate stylus users. And apps like ePaper allow students to customize (订制) their notes’ appearances (which could have made color-coding much easier for me, back in the day).

This research by Princeton and UCLA does not suggest that students should never use the keyboard to take notes. Rather, it warns against transcribing lectures rather than closely listening.This, they say, is what causes digital notes to slip through the cracks of students’ brains.

So, pens or keyboards? It isn’t clear. Technology can hurt students taking notes as much as it can help. But if apps and keyboards are used properly, not as a replacement for active thought but as an aid to it, the possibilities for note-taking are endless.

3.In the experiment, compared to laptop users, students who handwrote .

A.memorized fewer basic facts B.took more notes in a limited time C.showed a better understanding of ideas D.performed worse when tested immediately 4.What is the main problem of typing notes?

A.It affects active thinking. B.It makes sharing difficult. C.It needs much preparation time.

D.It is bad for customizing notes’ appearance.

5.The underlined word “This” in the last but one paragraph refers to “ ”.

A.using keyboards to take notes B.typing lectures out mechanically C.paying less attention to the lectures

D.digital notes slipping through students’ brains easily

6.What is the author’s attitude towards typing notes?

A.He is very fond of it.

B.He is strongly against it. D.He thinks it can be beneficial.

C.He feels it is worth a try. Ⅱ.任务型阅读

Age has its privileges in America, and one of the most important of them is the senior citizen discount. Eligibility(资格) is determined not by one’s need but by the date on one’s birth certificate. The discounts have become a routine part of many businesses—as common as color televisions in motel rooms and free coffee on airliners.

People with gray hair often are given the discounts without even asking for them;yet, millions of Americans above age 60 are healthy and solvent (有支付能力的). Businesses that would never dare offer discounts to college students or anyone under 30 freely offer them to older Americans. The practice is acceptable because of the widespread belief that “elderly” means “needy”. Perhaps that once was true, but today elderly Americans as a group have a lower poverty rate than the rest of the population. To be sure, there is economic diversity within the elderly, and many older Americans are poor. But most of them aren’t.

It is impossible to determine the impact of the discounts on individual companies. For many firms, they are a stimulus to revenue. But in other cases, the discounts are given at the

expense,directly or indirectly, of younger Americans. Moreover, they are a direct irritant(刺激物) in what some politicians and scholars see as a coming conflict between the generations.

Generational tensions are being fueled by continuing debate over Social Security benefits, which mostly involve a transfer of resources from the young to the old. Employment is another sore point. Supported by laws and court decisions, more and more older Americans are declining the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the job—thereby lessening employment and promotion opportunities for younger workers.

Far from a kind of charity they once were, senior citizen discounts have become a privilege to a group with millions of members who don’t need them.

It no longer makes sense to treat the elderly as a single group whose economic needs deserve priority over those of others. Senior citizen discounts only enhance the myth that older people can’t take care of themselves and need special treatment, and they threaten the creation of a new myth that the elderly are ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expense of children and other