新概念英语L20超强讲义

Lesson 20 One man in a boat 新概念

【New words and expressions】生词和短语

抓到 钓鱼人，渔民 靴子 浪费 意识到

跟踪练习：根据句意填入合适的词

1.His grandfather was once a ________who lived in a small village. 2.The policemen________the thief at last.

3.The young man always wears a pair of_________. 4.Playing computer games is a ______of time. 5.I ___________that I had made a big mistake.

6.They said they had something__________to talk about. 7.To tell the truth,this is one of my__________books.

★catch v. 抓到 ① vt. ___________

The police have caught the thief. Have you caught any fish today? ② vt. ___________ Can you catch the ball? ③ vt. ___________ catch a bus

I want to catch the eight nineteen (train) to London. ④ catch的一些固定用法 catch a cold___________

catch one's breath ___________ catch sight of = see___________ catch fire ___________

catch one's eyes ___________ ★boot n. 靴子

a pair of boots ___________ ★waste n. 浪费 ① n. 浪费

a waste of? 浪费??

It is a waste of time/money/food/water. ② vt. 浪费

You are wasting time. ★realize v. 意识到

① v. 认识，知道，明白，意识到

I went into the wrong room without realizing it. ______________________ I realized that I was wrong.

②v. 实现（希望、目标、愿望等） realize one's dream ___________

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She has realized her hope to be an actress.

③ 使变为事实，使发生（常用于被动语态） This plan can never be realized.

【课文讲解】

1、Fishing is my favourite sport.

fishing是一个动名词，由动词+ing组成，动名词可以作主语或宾语，如eating，reading等等 ★fish

① n. 鱼（不可数名词），鱼的种类（可数） There are a lot of fishes(表示种类)in the sea. ② v. 钓鱼, 捕鱼

2、I often fish for hours without catching anything. for+时间表示一段时间

for hours=for some hours 数小时

without catching anything作为状语而出现, 表示结果状语。without 是介词，后面一定要加宾语, 动名词catching 作without 的宾语，without 后面的动作是主语来做的。动名词也有动词的特性，可以有自己的宾语。 without通常表示“缺乏、没有”；当它位于动名词前时，表示“不曾、不” I can’t repair the car without your help.

They tried to leave the restaurant without paying. He went out without saying any words. 3、But this does not worry me. ★worry

① v. 烦恼，担扰

worry sb. 某人为??烦恼，担扰（作动词一定要加人作宾语, 翻译时从后往前翻，宾语担心） The house worried me. / My daughter worried me. ① adj. 担心

be worried about ??为??担心

I was never worried about this. = This does not worry me. 4、Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish.

instead of? 我原准备做??但是后来做了??（instead of 后面的词一定是没有做的, 可 以放在主句后面）

I went to school instead of staying at home. ______________________ I bought books instead of buying dresses.

without强调没有做某件事, instead of强调这件事没做成而做成了另外一件事 副词instead“作为替代，反而”，单独使用时一般出现在句尾

If you don’t want a holiday in England, why don’t you go to Australia instead? 5、I am even less lucky.

less是little 的比较级，意为“不及，不如，更少” I spend less time on English than on French. less+原形

A is less?than B A不如B

6、After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. spend+时间+在某地在某地度过??时间

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after +从句在??之后

after +名词/动词的ing形式??之后（从句主语必须是主句的主语时两种形式可互换） After I go to school, I learned a lot of knowledge. (用一般式表示一个事实, 不用“went to” ) After going to school, I learned a lot of knowledge.

介词after的宾语的动名词having spent所表示的动作发生在谓语动词go之前，所以动名词用完成形式。

with an empty bag 注意连读

with sth. 有??的，持有??的，随身带着??(状语) Who’s the man with the beard? without sth. 没带??

I always go home without angthing. ______________________ 7、'You must give up fishing!' my friends say. give up doing sth. = stop doing sth. 放弃做某事 Give up smoking.

8、I'm not really interested in fishing.

be intersted in sth. / doing sth. 对??感兴趣 I’m interested in collecting stamps.

【Key structures】 动名词

动词+ing 作名词时称为动名词，它仍有动词的属性，可以接宾语，动名词可以代替名词做主语和宾语或介词宾语。 1、动名词作主语

Watching television is my favourite pastime.______________________ 2、动名词作宾语

I am very keen on cycling.______________________

He is capable of doing anything. ______________________ 3、利用介词/副词+动名词可以把两个句子连成一个句子 apologize for (not) doing sth. 为什么事情而道歉

I must apologize. I interrupted you. ______________________ I must apologize for interrupting you.______________________ （for interrupting强调interrupt 这个动词）

I must apologize for having interrupted you.（for having interrupted强调interrupt 这个动词先发生，强调时间(having done)）

以上两者为时间概念不同，意思相同

congratulate (sb.) on doing sth. 因??祝贺（某人）

He congratulated me. I won the competition. ______________________ He congratulated me on winning the competition. ______________________ He congratulated me on having won the competition.______________________ thank you for listening/attending

动名词用表示完成时的having+过去分词结构往往强调动名词的动词发生在前面。 4、跟动名词的短语

be keen on doing sth.（热忠于??）,be fond of,be interested in,enjoy doing sth.（喜欢做某事）， congratulations on doing sth. （祝贺??）

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be afraid of

be up to=be capable of (capable adj.有能力的, 能干的, 有可能的, 可以...的) 可以带动名词的介词有：before，after，without，instead of等

I can’t watch TV without falling asleep. ______________________ 5、动名词的否定式是在它前面直接加not。

跟踪练习：用动名词进行同义句转换

1.It is important to learn a foreign language. ____________a foreign language_______important. 2.To see is to believe. __________is__________.

3.It is very useful to learn computer skills. _________computer skills________very useful. 4.She didn't say goodbye to use before she left. She left without__________goodbye to us.

5.Tony was unhappy because he hadn't been invited to the party.

Tony was unhappy for______ _________ ___________ _________to the party.

【Special Difficulties】

Interested and Interesting. Excited and Exciting.

大多数现在分词和许多过去分词都可以作形容词用。以-ed结尾的形容词常与人称主语连用，表示人的情绪、状态、喜好等；以-ing结尾的形容词则常与非人称主语连用，表明事物的某种特征、性质等。

Fishing is not interesting. I am not really interested in fishing. _________________________________

The match was very exciting. The crowd got very excited. _________________________________ be interested in sth./doing sth. 对??感兴趣 I’m interested in collecting stamps. It's and Its it’s = it is

It's (= it is) cold today. It's raining too. ______________________ its 它的

This engine has lost its power. ______________________ Realize and Understand realize vt. 意识到??

He didn't realize that he had made a mistake. ______________________ understand vt. 明白??

I don't understand English. ______________________

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