2017-2018上海建平中学高三11月周考卷--解析版

(C)

“The Heart of the Matter,” the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. Regrettably, however, the report's failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.

In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the AAAS asking that it identify actions that could be taken by \state and local governments, universities, foundations, educators, individual benefactors and others\and education.\response, the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities and Social Sciences. Among the commission's 51 members are top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, as well as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism.

The goals identified in the report are generally admirable. Because representative government presupposes an informed citizenry, the report supports full literacy; stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies. To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students' ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day. The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages, international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs.

Unfortunately, despite 2? years in the making, \the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities. The commission ignores that for several decades America's colleges and universities have produced graduates who don't know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits. Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing \

Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas—such as free markets or self-reliance —as falling outside the boundaries of routine, and sometimes legitimate, intellectual investigation. The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education. Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate.

63. Influential figures in the Congress required that the AAAS report on how to _____. [A] maintain people’s interest in liberal education [B] define the government’s role in education [C]keep a leading position in liberal education [D] safeguard individual’s rights to education 64. Which one of the following statements about what the AAAS plan suggests is true? [A] an exclusive study of American history [B] a greater emphasis on theoretical subjects [C] the application of emerging technologies [D] funding for the study of foreign languages 65. It can be inferred from the passage that . A. professor are routinely supportive of free markets

B. intellectual investigation are put great value on in college C. progressive public policy is out of boundaries of proper study D. professors have prejudice against classical liberal ideas

66. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

[A]. The AAAS’s Contribution to Liberal Education [B] Illiberal Education and “The Heart of the Matter” [C] Ways to Grasp “The Heart of the Matter” [D] Progressive Policy vs. Liberal Education 【答案】CCDB

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【分析】

63. 根据题干Influential figures in the Congress先定位到第二段第一句，通过句意可知这些议会中有影响力的人士要求AAAS找出能被实施的行动用以保证人文和社会科学中的优势，故选C。

64. 文章中涉及计划所提及的内容在第三段，其中有提及encourages the use of new digital technologies，故选C。

65. 本题可在文章的倒数第二段找到线索，如今教授们把关于历史发展阐释与公共政策发展看作是比较合适的学科，而经典的文科科目（classical liberal）则被认为是非常规性学科，故选D。

66. 本文第一段提及了“The Heart of the Matter”的计划并且此计划是针对文科科目，第二段详细说明了计划中的举措，而三四两段分别从积极面与消极面去论述这项计划，第五段提及教授们对于文科的一些看法，最后一段作者对此计划发表了看法。所以可以判断出全文都是围绕着“The Heart of the Matter”以及“illiberal Education”展开的，故选B。

Section C

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

A. The greatest advantage of the tutorial system is the individual attention that students receive.

B. Tutorials can be considered the backbone of undergraduate teaching at Oxford. C. Sometimes, the student may leave a tutorial with only a reading list and the title of the next essay. D. Tutorials can greatly enhance the undergraduates’ academic performance. E. The greatest advantage of the tutorial system is the individual attention that students receive. The Tutorial System of Oxford University

In the University of Oxford, teaching is conducted primarily through the tutorial system.It is one of the most unique and renowned methods of teaching across the world.

The weekly tutorial consists of a one-hour meeting between the tutor and small numbers of students (usually two or four).During this time, an essay prepared specifically for that tutorial is read by students and commented upon by the tutor.At the end of the tutorial, the tutor will assign the topic of study for the forthcoming week and suggest readings. 67 Meanwhile, they are also complemented by departmental lectures which are conducted on a university wide basis, lab work, and seminars often with groups of perhaps 10 students.

Tutorials have gained their reputation because of the close relationship they maintain between the tutor and the student.The tutorial system provides undergraduates with direct and in most cases weekly contact with tutors in their academic fields. 68

Before the weekly tutorial, students are required to prepare an essay or other works, which they read or present to the tutor.During each tutorial, students are expected to communicate, debate, analyze, and critique the ideas of others as well as their own in conversations with the professor and fellow-students.The tutorial system has great value that it creates learning and assessment opportunities which are highly authentic and difficult to fake,as the student's work is discussed on the spot.

69 The contrast between tutorials and large lectures common in the American universities is obvious.In the typical American university, students are taught by the same specialists, in the same manner, and held to the same standards.

However, during tutorials, students have the opportunity to explore their own ideas directly with experts in

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particular subjects. 70 As a result, students must engage in extensive independent reading and research, using the resources available, under the guidance of the tutor. 答案：67-70 BFAC

解析：

67. 利用中心含义解题。这一段主要介绍牛津大学的辅导课。The weekly tutorial consists of a one-hour meeting between the tutor and small numbers of students (usually two or four). （每周一次的辅导课其实就是导师和几个学生（通常是2 - 4 个）一小时的会面。）这一句说的是辅导课的形式。During this time, an essay prepared specifically for that tutorial is read by students and commented upon by the tutor.（期间，学生要宣读专门为辅导课撰写的论文，并由导师进行评论。）At the end of the tutorial, the tutor will assign the topic of study for the forthcoming week and suggest readings.（辅导课结束的时候，导师会布置下周的研究课题，并推荐读物。）这两句介绍辅导课的内容。所以下一句话也是围绕辅导课展开的。选B，Tutorials can be considered the backbone of undergraduate teaching at Oxford.辅导课被认为是牛津大学本科生教学的支柱。说明辅导课的意义和地位。

68.利用中心含义解题。这一段话介绍选修课获得学生青睐的原因以及它对学生的好处。The tutorial system provides undergraduates with direct and in most cases weekly contact with tutors in their academic fields. （导师制为本科生提供了条件，使他们和自己学术领域内的导师能够直接接触。） 所以选F，In the mean time, tutorials are also beneficial for developing students' skills of critical analysis.同时，辅导课还有利于发展学生们的批判分析技能。

69.根据题目后面那句话The contrast between tutorials and large lectures common in the American universities is obvious.（辅导课和美国大学里普通的大课形成了鲜明的对比）。可知这一段话讲述选修课与大课的区别。因此选A，The greatest advantage of the tutorial system is the individual attention that students receive.导师制最大的优点是学生能够得到个别指导。

70. 利用逻辑关系解题。题目前面说，However, during tutorials, students have the opportunity to explore their own ideas directly with experts in particular subjects.但是，在牛津的辅导课上，学生有机会与特定学科的专家直接探讨自己的观点和看法。题目后面说道，As a result, students must engage in extensive independent reading and research, using the resources available, under the guidance of the tutor.因此，学生们必须在导师的指引下利用可用的资源进行大量的独立阅读和研究。所以应该选C. Sometimes, the student may leave a tutorial with only a reading list and the title of the next essay.有时，学生会只拿着阅读清单跟下一篇论文的题目离开辅导课。

IV. Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Hope

Nothing in my life had prepared me for what I had to do. Choosing my words carefully, and fighting to stay calm, I told my 4-year-old daughter that her grandmother had suffered a stroke (中风), that she was unconscious, and that the doctors said she would probably never wake up. As she moved closer to me, Amelia looked at me, eyes bright, and said, “Maybe Grandma will be okay.” “Maybe she will,” I said, keeping back the tears. But I knew better. I was flying up to Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, from our Florida home in the morning to say good-bye to my mom.

The rest of that awful week, I joined my brother and father sitting by my mother’s side in the hospital room. I held her hand and talked to her. I told her that we still needed her. I told her that it wasn’t time to leave yet. I told her how much I loved her. And I told her that her little granddaughter, Amelia, believed that she’d get better. The doctors, with all their years of training and experience, offered no hope for recovery. The damage was simply too

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extensive.

A couple of weeks later, an odd thing happened. Mom woke up! And then she persevered through a long and tough process of restoration to health, during which she had to learn to walk, read, and write all over again, and eventually returned home to Dad. The only one who wasn’t shocked was Amelia. The doctors couldn’t explain it. Amelia didn’t need to. Hope came as naturally to her as breathing.

So why are we so afraid to hope sometimes? Maybe it’s because over the years, life’s disappointments can turn us to disillusionment (理想破灭). How many times have you heard someone say: “Hope for the best, expect the worst”? That’s not really hope at all.

Hope is being able to look at our world with all of the joy and wonder of a child. 答案：（第一段）Doctors were pessimistic about my mother’s stroke while my little daughter, Amelia, full of hope. （第二段）I passed on Amelia’s hope when our family gathered to bid farewell to her in hospital. Incredibly, （第三段）she recovered and came back home after a period of restoration. Everyone was astonished except Amelia. （第四，五段）Hope does bring people in trouble amazement. (55 words)

解析：本文为记叙文，继续问的概要写作应抓住起因-发展过程-结果为关键要素。

第一段：故事起因是作者的母亲病了，医生告诉作者没有希望了但作者的女儿Amelia相信祖母能痊愈。 第二段：作者和家庭成员都做了母亲会去世的心理准备，医生也再次确认了这个结果。 第三段：母亲的身体健康状况出现了好转，经过恢复最终痊愈回家。

第四段：作者领悟到抱有希望不应该是做好最坏的打算而就是纯粹地应该抱有希望。 第五段：作者用一句话表述了他现在对希望的理解。

所以，第一段为起因；第二段为过程；第三段包含了故事的转折点和结局；第四和五段为感悟和主旨升华。 所以第一二段个一个点，第三段两个点，第四和第五段合并为一点。同时要整个过程中Amelia和其他人的对比。

V. Translation

71. 希望人人都能各抒己见，因为缺乏沟通就会产生误解。(expect)

答案：71.Everyone is expected to express / voice his / her own opinions, as lack of communications may lead to / give rise to / bring about / cause misunderstandings.

解析：关键词except的用法be expected to 各抒己见：express / voice his / her own opinions

缺乏：lack 作动词直接接名词，这句需要用非谓语。作名词不要忘记of

72. 你是不是就在这家新开的饭店里看见疑犯实施犯罪？(it)

答案：72.Was it in the newly opened restaurant that you witnessed / saw (that) the suspect committed the crime?

解析：关键词it在这里其实考察强调句式的疑问句式。

疑犯：the suspect 注意不要写成suspector. 犯罪：commit the crime.

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