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例：…Free time increased considerably following the shortening of the working week, i.e. from six days to five days, and from ten hours to eight hours a day. In fact, the working day couldn’t be too long, otherwise people wouldn’t have the time to spend their money. The amount of a family’s budget spent on outside entertainment, such as parties, films and concerts has increased from just under 6% in Ford’s day to about 9% today. On the other hand, we spend only a quarter of what our great-grandparents paid for reading materials.
It is difficult to see how our spending patterns may change in the future. We already know that our population is aging and this will have an effect on the amount of money we spend on medical care.
Q: What is the subject discussed in the text? A. Changing patterns in spending C. Decrease in food demand [分析]：
C. 主旨出现在文章的中间。在有些议论文或说明文中作者首先列举或说明人们的错误观点或认识误区，然后再点明自己的观点或说明的中心，最后点题，这样文章的主题句就出现在篇中。
例：A close friend siad: “If I could only figure this out, I think I could find happiness.” I have heard this before and will hear it again I am sure.
Many people believe that finding happiness is all about finding something else they want. Not many have ever found long term happiness by achieving another goal. The answer to finding happiness is to look within yourself.
In other words, happiness is a completely inside job. The most important piece to finding happiness is to comprehend happiness is a choice and not the result of an experience. If all happiness could be found as the result of an acquisition(成就), meeting a goal, or having anything, then a person’s happiness would always be subject to something else.
Q: Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Look within to find happiness.
B. Happiness, a choice or the result of an experience? C. The definition of happiness D. How can we create happiness? [分析]：
B. Changes in family planning D. Increase in family income
细节题 阅读理解题目中的重量级选手。占的比重大，最少一篇文章考查3个，最多考查5个。 正确选项答题方法：
(1)同义改写——词汇转换，含义相同
(2)同义转述——含义不同，本质相同 答题方法：干扰项
(1) 无中生有 (2) 偷梁换柱 (3) 自相矛盾 (4) 过于绝对 第一、二种是出题人常常采用的方法，尤其以第二种最难，对于干扰项，一定要掌握“像”这个特征，这是核心。
关键信息词定位：同义、同形、混合定位。 绝对词出现的处理方式：
(1)文章中：作为重点信息标记出。 (2)题干中：作为关键信息词标出。
(3)选项中：只有与文章一致方为正确选项。
(4)选项中：一般作为干扰选项出现; 假如与文章标记一致，才是正确选项。
绝对词：must, always, never, the most, all, no, each, only, have to, any(任何), completely, totally, hardly, every, rarely, seldom
不肯定语气词(作标记)：can, could, may, might, should, some, usually, might, most, often, more or less, relatively, be likely to, possible, possibly, perhaps, maybe, to some degree, seem
A. 从原文直接找到答案所需的信息。在解答这类题时，我们可采用“对号入座”的方法。先找到原文的关键信息，然后把原文中的信息跟后面的题目对照，即可得到答案。
例：…The new strategy involves fuel cells, which are devices that use chemical reactions to produce electrical currents. Researchers from St. Louis University used a type of protein called enzymes(酶). In the cells of living things, including people, enzymes are what spark chemical reactions. To keep up with the pace that our bodies demand, our cells constantly produce new enzymes as the old ones break down.
Scientists had tried using enzymes in fuel cells before, but they had trouble keeping the
electricity flowing. That’s because, unlike the enzymes in our cells, the enzymes in fuel cells break down faster than they can be replaced.
To get around this problem, the St. Louis researchers invented molecules that wrap around
an enzyme and protect it. Inside this molecular pocket, an enzyme can last for months instead of days.
Q: Researchers have molecules wrap around an enzyme in order to____. A. make the enzymes in fuel cells break down slower B. produce enough enzymes to break down C. keep up with the pace that our bodies demand
D. keep the enzymes in fuel cells from breaking down [分析]：
B. 对信息进行加工。这类题目我们能够在文章中找到信息，但原文信息又不是做题所直接需要的，需要我们对原文信息进行合理的加工处理，据此作简单推理。它是介于事实细节题和推理判断题之间的一种题型。
例：In the summer of 1941, I was 5 years old. It was a time when the Nickles Bakery sent salesmen in red-and-white trucks door-to-door in our town of Greenville, Pennsylvania, selling baked goods.
One day, a Nickles salesman drove his truck, loaded with goodies, into our driveway. He
opened the rear doors, took out his display of baked goods and went into our home to offer my mother the specialties of the day.
While he was inside, I sneaked around to the rear of his truck, with its doors wide open, and I took a package of oatmeal(燕麦) cookies, hurried to the rear of the house and ate the entire package of cookies.
Soon, the truck sped away, and I never gave what I had done another thought…until 27 Q: In the 27 years after he ate the oatmeal cookies, the author____. A. felt sorry all the time
B. tried to find the salesman and pay him C. never thought about what he had done
D. often remembered the scene [分析]：
C. 综合信息题。这类题目的信息不仅仅涉及文章的某一句话，还可能涉及文章的几句话，而且有时可能散落在文章的不同段落，因此要求我们把原文提供的信息综合起来分析，不能断章取义，张冠李戴。
例：I located the bakery and told the superintendent(主管) my story, expecting him to understand my plight and tally up the charges.
I’d pay up and my conscience would be put at ease.
Instead, he laughed out loud and said, “You mean to tell me that you want to pay for He laughed again and said, “Reverend(牧师), consider the debt paid.” I felt relieved and my conscience was right.
Q: Why did the author feel his conscience was right in the end? A. Because he paid for those cookies, plus 27 years of interest. B .Because he was respected as a minister by the superintendent. C. Because the superintendent told him the debt had been paid. D. Because he was pardoned by the superintendent. [分析]:
years later, during the summer of 1968.
something that happened 27 years ago, when you were only 5 years old?”
推断题
提问中需含有词汇：infer，imply，Learn from，Conclude，Suggest，seen from等 ★推断类型：全文推断，局部推断。 ★判断标准：题目出现位置;位置重于表述。
★★什么是推断：(1)来自于原文相关处; (2)与其含义一致【注意，一定是原文对等】
★★全文推断：
判断依据：(1)最后一题；
(2)倒数第二题：假如最后一题为主旨题或者作者对全文的态度题时。 答题方法：
1. 对全文最后一段的推断。定位三句：最后一段最后一句(或倒数第二句)，最后一段主题句(可能是第一句)，最后一段强调句。一般来讲，四选项中有涉及全文最后一段的相关内容，特别是全文最后一句或者倒数第二句时，此为答案。 2. 对全文中心观点的推断。查找与中心观点一致的选项。
3. 对文中不同信息点的推断，逐个定位，进行推断。推断题目中最难的题目，数量少。
★★局部推断：
分为两种：(1)根据给定段落进行推断(段落推断);
(2)根据给定的某个信息进行推断(信息点推断)。
答题方法：定位信息点和作者观点。
★干扰项：无根据推断(无中生有)，推断过头，推断错误(自相矛盾)。
需要强调的是：推断的本质：一定是来自原文，且含义一致。任何一个推断题，找不到定位处，或者感觉模模糊糊，就要考虑是不是一个错误选项。
A. 写作意图题。有些文章作者不点明自己的写作意图，而是让读者自己去体会，这种情况多出现在记叙文或夹叙夹议的文章中。
例：ALBANY, New York---- Students who rely on working at night to improve their grades might want to sleep on that strategy: a new survey in the U.S. says those who never study all night have slightly higher grades than those who do.
A survey of 120 students at St. Lawrence University found that students who have never pulled an all-nighter on average have higher grades than those who have. The survey found those who do not study through the night have a grade point average of 3.2 compared to 2.95 for those who have.
Q: The purpose of the passage is to tell us____.
A. the bad effects of pulling an all-nighter B. pulling an all-nighter leads to sleep problems C. doubts about all-nighters D. all-nighters hurt students’ grades [分析]:
B. 态度倾向题。作者的态度倾向往往隐含在文章中，而不会明确说明，因此态度倾向题也是比较有难度的推理判断题型。这类题目一般分为两类：一是作者对某一具体事物的观点、看法；另一类是作者对某一人、物的评价。议论文或记叙文往往考查作者的态度倾向。如果是论文，应该抓住作者的论点和论据；如果是记叙文，应该特别注意作者总结性的文字。
例：The NBA now has a serious image problem; more than any other sport, it’s pulled in two opposite directions. As it’s been for years, whites make up a majority of the fans; blacks make up a
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