当前位置:首页 > 人教版八年级英语下册导学案(知识点+练习题带答案)
初二英语下册导学案(知识汇总+练习题)
Unit 1单词
matter [?m?t?] v. 重要,要紧,有关系 What’s the matter? 怎么了?出什么事了? sore [s?:(r)] adj. 疼痛的,酸痛的 have a cold 感冒
stomach ['st?m?k] n. 胃,腹部
stomachache ['st?m?ke?k] n. 胃痛,腹痛 have a stomachache 胃痛 foot(复数feet) [fu:t] n. 脚 neck [nek] n. 颈,脖子 throat [θr??t] n. 喉咙
fever ['fi:v?] n. 发烧,发热 lie [la?] v. 躺,平躺 lie down 躺下
rest [rest] n. 剩余部分,其余;放松,休息 cough [k?f] n. & v. 咳嗽
X-ray ['eksre?] n. X光,X射线 toothache [?tu:θe?k] n. 牙痛 take one's temperature 量体温 headache [?hede?k] n. 头痛 have a fever 发烧
break [bre?k] n. & v. 休息,暂停;打破 take breaks (take a break) 休息
hurt [h?:t] v. 伤害,损害,使受伤,疼 passenger ['p?s?nd??] n. 乘客,旅客
off [?f] adv. prep. 离开(某处);从…去掉 get off 下车
to one's surprise 使…惊讶,出乎…意料 onto [??nt?] prep. 向,朝
trouble [?tr?bl] n. 麻烦,烦扰,问题 hit [hit] n. & v. 碰撞,打,打击 right away 立即,马上 get into 陷入,参与
Unit1 知识梳理 【重点单词】
matter [?m?t?] v. 重要,要紧,有关系 What’s the matter? 怎么了?出什么事了? sore [s?:(r)] adj. 疼痛的,酸痛的 have a cold 感冒
stomach ['st?m?k] n. 胃,腹部
stomachache ['st?m?ke?k] n. 胃痛,腹痛 have a stomachache 胃痛 foot(复数feet) [fu:t] n. 脚 neck [nek] n. 颈,脖子 throat [θr??t] n. 喉咙
1
herself [h?:?self]她自己,她本身(she的反身代词)
bandage ['b?nd?d?] n. & v. 绷带;用绷带包扎 sick [s?k] adj. 患病的,不适的 knee [ni:] n. 膝盖
nosebleed [?n??zbli:d] n. 鼻出血 breathe [bri:e] v. 呼吸
sunburned [?s?nb?:nd] adj. 晒伤的 ourselves [ɑ:?selvz]我们自己(we的反身代词) climber [?kla?m?(r)] n. 登山者 be used to 习惯于… 适应于…
risk [r?sk] n. & v. 风险,危险;冒险 take risks (take a risk) 冒险
accident [??ksid?nt] n. 意外事件;事故 situation [?sitju?ei??n] n. 状况,形式,情况 kg=kilogram [?k?l?gr?m] n. 公斤,千克 rock [r?k] n. 岩石
run out (of) 用尽,耗尽 knife [naif] n. 刀,餐刀 cut off 切除
blood [bl?d] n. 血
mean [mi:n] v. 意味着,意思是,意欲 get out of 离开,从… 出来
importance [?m?p?:tns] n. 重要性
decision [d?'s??n] n. 决心,决定,抉择 control [k?n'tr??l] v. 控制,支配,操纵 be in control of 掌管,管理 spirit ['sp?r?t] n. 勇气,意志 death [deθ] n. 死亡 give up 放弃
nurse [n?:s] n. 护士
fever ['fi:v?] n. 发烧,发热 lie [la?] v. 躺,平躺 lie down 躺下
rest [rest] n. 剩余部分,其余;放松,休息 cough [k?f] n. & v. 咳嗽
X-ray ['eksre?] n. X光,X射线 toothache [?tu:θe?k] n. 牙痛 take one's temperature 量体温 headache [?hede?k] n. 头痛 have a fever 发烧
break [bre?k] n. & v. 休息,暂停;打破 take breaks (take a break) 休息 hurt [h?:t] v. 伤害,损害,使受伤 passenger ['p?s?nd??] n. 乘客,旅客
off [?f] adv. prep. 离开(某处);从…去掉 get off 下车
to one's surprise 使…惊讶,出乎…意料 onto [??nt?] prep. 向,朝
trouble [?tr?bl] n. 麻烦,烦扰,问题 hit [hit] n. & v. 碰撞,打,打击 right away 立即,马上 get into 陷入,参与
herself [h?:?self] pron. 她自己,她本身(she的反身代词)
bandage ['b?nd?d?] n. & v. 绷带;用绷带包扎 sick [s?k] adj. 患病的,不适的 knee [ni:] n. 膝盖
nosebleed [?n??zbli:d] n. 鼻出血 breathe [bri:e] v. 呼吸
sunburned [?s?nb?:nd] adj. 晒伤的 ourselves [ɑ:?selvz] pron. 我们自己(we的反身代词)
【重点短语】
1.have a fever 发烧 2.have a cough 咳嗽 3.have a toothache 牙疼 4.talk too much 说得太多
5.drink enough water 喝足够的水 6.have a cold 受凉;感冒 7.have a stomachache 胃疼 8.have a sore back 背疼 9.have a sore throat 喉咙痛 10. take risks 冒险
11.hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 12.see a dentist 看牙医 13.get an X-ray 拍X 光片
14.take one’ s temperature 量体温
15.put some medicine on sth. 在……上面敷药 16. give up 放弃
17. sound like 听起来像 18. all weekend 整个周末
19. in the same way 以同样的方式 20. go to a doctor 看医生 21. go along 沿着……走
22. on the side of the road 在马路边 23. shout for help 大声呼救
24. without thinking twice 没有多想 25. get off 下车
2
climber [?kla?m?(r)] n. 登山者 be used to 习惯于… 适应于…
risk [r?sk] n. & v. 风险,危险;冒险 take risks (take a risk) 冒险
accident [??ksid?nt] n. 意外事件;事故 situation [?sitju?ei??n] n. 状况,形式,情况 kg=kilogram [?k?l?gr?m] n. 公斤,千克 rock [r?k] n. 岩石
run out (of) 用尽,耗尽 knife [naif] n. 刀,餐刀 cut off 切除
blood [bl?d] n. 血
mean [mi:n] v. 意味着,意思是,意欲 get out of 离开,从… 出来
importance [?m?p?:tns] n. 重要性
decision [d?'s??n] n. 决心,决定,抉择 control [k?n'tr??l] v. 控制,支配,操纵 be in control of 掌管,管理 spirit ['sp?r?t] n. 勇气,意志 death [deθ] n. 死亡 give up 放弃
nurse [n?:s] n. 护士
26. have a heart problem 有心脏病 27. to one’ s surprise 另某人惊讶的是 28. thanks to 多亏了 ;由于 29. in time 及时
30. make a decision 做出决定 31. get into trouble 造成麻烦 32. right away 立刻;马上 33. because of 由于
34. get out of 离开;从……出来
35. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事 36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎 37. fall down 摔倒 38. feel sick 感到恶心
39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血 40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖
41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰 42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难 43. mountain climbing 登山运动 44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 45. run out (of) 用完;用尽 46. so that 以便
47. so...that... 如此……以至于...… 48. be in control of 掌管;管理
49. in a difficult situation 在闲境中
【重点句型】
1. What's the matter with you? = What'the trouble with you?
= What's wrong with you? 你怎么了? 2. What should she do? 她该怎么办呢? 3.Should I take my temperature? 我应该量一下体温吗?
4.You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息一会儿。
5. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book? 你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢? 6. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。
7. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital. 她说这个人有心脏病应该去医院。
01词汇讲解
1. have a cold
have a cold是动词短语,意为“患感冒,伤风”,也可以说成catch a cold/get a cold或take a cold。其中have表示“患病,得病”,不能用于进行时态,但可与一段时间连用,表示状态;而catch/get a cold则表示瞬时动作,不能同一段时间连用。例如: I have had a cold for three days. 我感冒三天了。 此句也可以表达为:
I had/caught/got a cold three days ago. 【拓展】
表示人体某部位“痛”时的几种结构:
(1)have a + 身体部位名词后加-ache构成。例如: have a headache 头痛 have a toothache 牙痛 have a stomachache胃痛
(2)have a sore + 身体部位名词。例如: have a sore throat 喉咙痛 have a sore arm 胳膊痛 have a sore foot 脚痛
(3)身体部位 + hurt/ache。例如: My eyes hurt. 我眼睛痛。 My legs ache. 我腿疼。
(4)have a pain in/ on + the + 身体部位。例如:
I have a pain in the arm. 我胳膊痛。
(5)There is something wrong with + one’s + 身体部位。例如: There is something wrong with your eyes. 你的眼睛有毛病。 2. rest
(1)rest作及物动词,意为“使休息”,作不及物动词,意为“休息”。例如: You should rest your eyes after a lot of reading. 在大量阅读之后,你应该休息一下你的眼睛。 I’m tired, and I want to rest. 我累了,我想休息。
(2)rest也可以作名词,常用搭配have a rest,表示“休息一下”。例如: You have a cold,and should have a rest. 你感冒了,应该休息一下。
3
3. break
(1)break作不及物,意为“弄碎,破碎”。break的过去式为broke,过去分词为broken。例如:Glass is easily broken. 玻璃容易破碎。
(2)break作及物动词,意为“弄碎,弄断”。例如:
Li Ming broke his left leg last night. 昨晚李明摔断了左腿。 (3)break作及物动词,意为“不遵守”。 例如:
As a student, you shouldn’t break school rules. 作为学生,你不该违反学校规则。 【拓展】
(1) break down 意为“(机器)坏了”。例如:
We are sorry to arrive late, because the car broke down. 我们很抱歉到晚了,因为车抛锚了。 (2)break into 表示“破门而入”。例如:
I caught two men trying to break into the office. 我瞧见两个人想闯入我的办公室。 (3)break out 表示“(战争、瘟疫、火灾等)爆发”。例如:
World War II broke out in September 1939. 第二次世界大战爆发于1939年9月。 4. hurt
(1)hurt作及物动词,意为“使受伤,使弄痛”,过去分词和过去式都是hurt。例如: He hurt his right knee. 他伤了右膝。
I hope you haven’t hurt yourself. 但愿你没有受伤。
(2) hurt 既可指肉体上的伤害,也可指精神上、感情上的伤害。例如: You hurt her feelings when you said she was fat. 你说她胖,伤害了她的感情了。
I don’t mean to hurt you. 我并非有意伤害你。 (3)hurt作不及物动词,意为“疼痛”。例如: My feet hurt when I walk. 我走路时脚疼。
I caught a cold and my head hurt. 我感冒了而且头痛。 5. free
free作及物动词,意为“使自由”。例如:
Can you free me for half an hour? 你能让我自由一个小时吗? 【拓展】
(1)free作形容词,表示“自由的;空闲的”。例如: You are free to ask questions. 你可以请随便问。 Are you free tomorrow?你有空吗? (2)free还可作“免费的”。例如:
Are the drinks free? 这饮料是免费的吗?
The books are given away free. 这些书是免费赠送的。
(3)free的副词freely可表示“自由地,随便地等”,可位于动词之前或之后。例如: You may speak freely. 你可以直言。
He could write freely about it now. 他可以自由地写这个事了。 6. mean
(1)mean作及物动词,表示“打算,意味着”,后接名词,动词不定式短语或从句。例如: The red light means “Stop”. 红灯表示停止。 I mean to go shopping. 我的意思是去购物。
The sign means that the road is blocked. 这个标志表示此路不通。(2)mean的名词形式是“meaning”,表示“意思、含义”。例如:
4
共分享92篇相关文档