2017-2018学年高中英语（外研版）必修一高考分类题库： 2012年高考分类题库考点3 阅读理解 Word版含解析

or not we actually perform the same action. This explains a great deal about how we learn to smile, talk, walk, dance or play sports. But the idea goes further: mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions, they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people.

Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains, but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages, and to understand how other people feel. Researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. A group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen to (for example:” The hand took hold of the ball”), the same mirror neurons were triggered as when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually taking hold of a ball).

Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior. Much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully functioning. However, it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders.

Research into mirror neurons seems to provide us with ever more information concerning how humans behave and interact(互动). Indeed, it may turn out to be the equivalent(相等物)for neuroscience of what Einstein’s theory of relativity was for physics. And the next time you feel

the urge to cough in the cinema when someone else does—well, perhaps you’ll understand why.

【文章大意】医学证明每个人的大脑中都有一种镜子神经元。这种神经元让我们不由自主地模仿别人的动作。如果这种神经元遭到破坏,就会带来行为上的一些问题。 67.Mirror neurons can explain . A.why we cry when we are hurt

B.why we cough when we suffer from a cold C.why we smile when we see someone else smile D.why we yawn when we see someone else stay up late

【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一、二段可知,这种镜子神经元可以解释为什么我们会不由自主地模仿别人的动作。

68.The underlined word “triggered” in the third paragraph probably means“ ”.

A.set off B.cut off C.built up D.broken up

【解析】选A。猜测词义题。根据第三段可知,镜子神经元和语言有密切关系。当被测试者听到某种指令的时候,他大脑中的镜子神经元就被启动,好像真的感觉到这个动作的发生。set off 引发。 69.We can learn from the passage that mirror neurons . A.relate to human behavior and interaction B.control human physical actions and feelings C.result in bad behavior and social disorders

D.determine our knowledge and language abilities

【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知,镜子神经元和人的行为密切相关。如果这种神经元遭到破坏,就会带来一些行为上的问题。

70. What is the passage mainly about? A. Ways to find mirror neurons. B. Problems of mirror neurons. C. Existence of mirror neurons. D. Functions of mirror neurons.

【解析】选D。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了镜子神经元的功能以及此神经元如果遭到破坏会带来的问题。

【长难句分析】Put simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something, our brains imitate it, whether or not we actually perform the same action.

分析：suggests后跟that引导的宾语从句,在从句中,every time引导时间状语从句,whether引导条件状语从句。

译文：简单来说,镜子神经元的存在表明,每次我们看到别人做什么我们的大脑就会模仿,无论我们是否真的在做同样的动作。 Passage 3 (2012·广东·B)

I have been consistently opposed to feeding a baby regularly. As a doctor, mother and scientist in child development I believe there is nothing to recommend it, from the baby’s point of view.

Mothers, doctors and nurses alike have no idea of where a baby’s blood sugar level lies. All we know is that a low level is harmful to brain development and makes a baby easily annoyed. In this state, the baby is difficult to calm down and sleep is impossible. The baby asks for attention by crying and searching for food with its mouth.

It is not just unkind but also dangerous to say a four-hourly feeding schedule will make a baby satisfied. The first of the experts to advocate a strict clock-watching schedule was Dr Frederic Truby King who was against feeding in the night. I’ve never heard anything so ridiculous.Baby feeding shouldn’t follow a timetable set by the mum.What is important is feeding a baby in the best way, though it may cause some inconvenience in the first few weeks.

Well,at last we have copper-bottomed research that supports demand feeding and points out the weaknesses of strictly timed feeding.The research finds out that babies who are fed on demand do better at school at age 5,7,11 and 14,than babies fed according to the clock.By the age of 8,their IQ(智商)scores are four to five percent higher than babies fed by a rigid timetable.This research comes from Oxford and Essex University using a sample(样本)of 10,419 children born in the early 1990s,taking account of parental education,family income,a child’s sex and age,the mother’s health and feeding style.These results don’t surprise me.Feeding according to schedule runs the risk of harming the