人教版英语八年级下册知识点总结

Unit 1 what’s the matter?

一、 theme（了解）:1) Talk about health and first aid 健康与急救 2）Give advice 提建议 二、 知识点

P1

1、What’s the matter with(关于) sb\\sth?某人或某物怎么了？（询问健康问题或困难，麻烦等） 询问问题的其他常用句型：

What’s the trouble\\problem with sb?

What’s wrong with sb? What’s up? (口语) What happened to sb? 某人发生了什么事？

Is there anything wrong with sb? 2、健康问题的表达：

1）have\\has +a\\an+疾病have a cold\\fever\\cough (感冒，发烧，咳嗽)

2）have\\has+a\\an+身体–ache have a stomachache\\toothache\\headache(胃疼，牙疼，头疼) 3）have\\has+a\\an sore+身体部位have a sore back\\throat (背疼，嗓子疼) 4）身体部分+hurt head and neck hurt 头和脖子疼（P2）

5)sb +hurt+身体部位\\oneself hurt yourself 伤到你自己（P4）hurt his back伤到他的背(p5) 6）cut oneself\\身体部位cut myself切到自己（P2）

7）have a heart problem心脏病have problems breathing 呼吸困难 8）get hit 被打 get sunburned被晒伤

3、1）foot-feet on foot 步行 tooth-teeth

2) She talked too much yesterday and didn’t drink enough water.

(1) too much, much too和too many: too much 太多，可以修饰动词和不可数名词；much too 太，修饰形容词，much too cold太冷；too many 太多，修饰可数名词复数。 （2）enough adv. adj. 足够的（地），充分的（地），enough修饰名词，可前可后，water enough=enough water足够的水；修饰形容词需后置，big enough足够大

P2

4、1）lie down and rest 躺下来休息 考点lie 趟，lie-lay-lain-lying

考点：休息 rest=take\\have a rest=take breaks(a break)

2) hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶with介词带有，具有（反without）

3）see a dentist 看牙医 4）get an X-ray 考点5)take one’s temperature 量体温 5．1）What should I do?

考点：should 情态动词，应该，应当，用于询问，提出建议，或表达职责和义务。 As a student, you should study hard. (职责，义务) You should lie down and rest. (提建议)

2）sound like 听起来像 3）on the weekend 在周末 all weekend 整个周末

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6、You need to take breaks away from the computer.你需要离开电脑休息。 考点1）need 实意动词，需要 need+n\\ving(被动)\\to do sth (需要做某事)

I need your help.

The trees need watering. (to be watered)树需要浇水了 情态动词，need+do sth

考点2）break cn 休息，间歇 take a break=take breaks v 折断，打破

7、I sat in the same way for too long without moving .我以同样的姿势一动不动地做了太久。 1）in the same way 同样的方式 2）for too long 太久 3）without 没有+n\\ving 8、Ifyour head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor. 考点1）if引导的条件状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来。 考点2）hurt vi 疼痛

3）go to a doctor去看医生=go to see a doctor

P3

3a 9、1)go along沿着

考点2）see sb doing sth 看到某人正在干某事（强调动作正在进行）， See sb do sth 看到某人做某事（强调动作过程或经常发生） 类似用法的感官动词：hear\\watch\\notice sb doing\\do sth 3）next to紧挨着，旁边 4）shout for help 呼救 10、The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping, stopped the bus without thinking twice.公交车司机，24岁的王平，没有多想便停下了车。

考点1）24-year-old，复合形容词，数词-名词（单数）-形容词，只作定语，表语用24 years old 考点2)without thinking twice 没有再想，毫不犹豫反think twice

11、He got off and asked the woman whathappened?他下车问那位妇女发生了什么事？

考点1）get off从、、、下来 get off the bus\\plane\\horse\\ship (较大的交通工具)，反 get on get out of the car\\taxi下车反 get into 上车 考点2）happen vi 发生，没有被动语态，

（1） sth happened+地点、时间某地或某时发生了某事 （2） sth happened to sb 某人发生了某事（不好的事）

（3） sb happened to do sth 某人恰巧干某事I happened to meet him.

12、He expected most or all the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus.他希望大部分或全部乘客下去等下一辆公交车。

考点1）expect sb to do sth期望某人做某事expect to do sth 期望做某事expect that从句

2）wait for sb\\sth 等待某人、某物 wait for sb to do sth等待某人做某事 wait to do sth 等待做某事 13、To his surprise, they all agreed to go with him.令他惊讶的是，他们都同意和他一起去。 考点1）surprise n 惊讶to one’s surprise让某人惊讶的是in surprise 惊讶地 v 使惊奇

考点2）agree to do sth同意做某事agree with sb 同意某人的观点 agree on sth 就某事达成一致 We agreed on the price. 我们就价格达成了一致。

14、Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the man was saved by the doctors in time.多亏王先生和乘客们，医生及时挽救了老人。

考点1）Thanks to+n.\\pron. 多亏，=with the help of thanks for 因、、、而感谢

考点2）was saved 被动语态 was\\were+动词的过去分词（被动语态的一般过去时）

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考点3）in time 及时 on time 准时

15、1)help others帮助 2）think about 考虑3）hit-hit-hit4)right away立刻，马上=at once

考点5）get into trouble陷入困境，惹麻烦be in trouble困境中 have trouble doing sth做某事有困难 P4

16、1）反身代词：

单数：myself, yourself ,himself, herself, itself 复数：ourselves, yourselves, themselves 反身代词的用法：

（1） 作主语同位语I made dinner myself. 我自己做的晚饭。

（2）作动词的宾语：hurt, cut, enjoy, help, hurt, teach, dress, look after等 Did you hurt yourself playing soccer? (现在分词短语作时间状语) 2）fall down 摔倒

P5

17、1）Someone felt sick.有人生病了。

考点:sick adj. 生病的，有病的，可以做表语和定语，be sick\\ill 生病sick kids 生病的孩子 2）tell sb (not) to do sth

P6

18、考点1）have problems\\trouble\\difficulty doing sth做某事有困难（反have no problem doing sth） 2）be interested in+n\\doing sth 对、、、感兴趣

19、As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks .作为登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。 考点1）be used to doing sth习惯做某事used to do sth 过去常常做某事

I used to stay up late, but I’m used to going to bed early.我过去常常熬夜，但是现在习惯早睡了。 考点2）risk cn.危险，风险take a risk=take risks

3)one of+cn复数、、、之一

4）because of +n\\pron\\doing(短语) 因为、、、、 because+句子

20、He found himself in a very dangerous situation.发现自己处在非常危险的境地。 考点1）find+sb\\sth(宾语)+adj.\\介词短语\\现在分词（宾补） 考点2）in a very dangerous situation处于非常危险的境况 3）was caught 被动语态 4）by himself=alone 自己 21、He could not free his arm.他无法使胳膊挣脱

考点：free v 使自由，释放adj.空闲的，自由的，免费的

22、But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.但当他的水喝完时，他知道必须做些什么来自己的生命。

考点1）run out和run out of:用尽，耗尽=use up ,run out of人作主语，run out物作主语

His water ran out. = He ran out of his water. 考点2）save one’s life 挽救某人生命

23、He was not ready to die that day. 他不想那天就。 1）be ready to do sth 准备好做某事

2）die v-death(s) n-dead 死的 dying 垂死的 3）knife-knives 4)cut off 切除

24、With his left arm, he bandaged himself so that he wouldnot lose too much blood. 他用左臂包扎了自己以

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便不至于失血过多。

考点1）so that 以便，为了，=in order that 引导目的状语 2）lose too much blood 失血过多

25、This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of .这意思是处于一个你似乎没法摆脱的困难之中。

考点1）mean v 意思是，打算，意欲mean to do sth 打算做某事meaning n 2)seem to do sth 似乎做某事 考点3）get out of 离开，从、、、出来，（摆脱）

26、Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions, and of being in control of one’s life .阿伦讲述了正确选择和自己掌握命运的重要性。 1）tell of 讲述，叙述

2）importance un 重要性important adj. 重要的

3）decision cn 决定 decide v make a decision to do sth= decide to do sth 决定做某事 考点4）be in control of 掌管，管理（反 be out of control） 27、考点1）so+adj.+that 如此、、、以至于引导结果状语从句 考点2）keep on doing sth 继续做某事 P6 28、1）mind doing sth 介意做某事 2）give up (doing sth) 放弃

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks

一、theme（了解）topic: Volunteering and offer help ,志愿服务，提供帮助 1）clean up the city parks\\street

2) give out food at the food bank 3)Visit the sick kids; teach kids 4) Work in an old people’s home (2d)

5) Volunteerat animal hospital; after-school reading program (3a) 6)give money 捐钱（2b）

二、语法：动词不定式和动词短语 一）动词不定式

1、结构：to+动词原形或不带to

2、特点：在句中除了不能作谓语，其他均可。 3、句法功能：

1）主语：常用it作形式主语，不定式为真正的主语

It is important to keepfit. =To keep fit is important. 2)宾语： （1）直接宾语：想，喜欢，希望:want, like, love, would like, hope,expect; 决定同意开始学习：decide, choose, agree-refuse, begin, start, learn; forget-remember, 需要计划：need, plan. I’ll help to clean up the city parks。（宾语）

(2)宾补：tell,ask,advise,want,wish,allow,order，teach等

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