高考必备高中化学方程式大全(分类汇总)

Cl ?H2O?催化剂???高温、加压 OH ?HCl

醛

NiCH3CHO?H2???CH3CH2OH

?AgNO3?NH3?H2O?AgOH??NH4NO3

银氨溶液制备

AgOH??2NH3?H2O?Ag(NH3)2OH?2H2O

CH3CHO?2Ag(NH3)2OH?热水浴???CH3COONH4?2Ag??3NH3?H2O

CuSO4?2NaOH?Cu(OH)2??NaSO4

?2CH3CHO?Cu(OH)2???Cu2O??2H2O?CH3COOH

NiHCHO?H2???CH3OH

?HCHO?4Ag(NH3)2OH?热水浴???NH4HCO3?4Ag??7NH3?2H2O

OH H H OH [ CH2 ]n ?nH2n?nHCHO?浓盐酸???沸水浴O

酚醛树脂制备的苯环式： nC6H5OH?nHCHO?浓盐酸???[C6H3OHCH2]?nHn2O沸水浴链状式：

??CH3CHO 乙炔水化法制乙醛：CH?CH?H2O??乙烯氧化法制乙醛：2CH2?CH2?O2????2CH3CHO

一定T、P催化剂催化剂 2CH3?CH?CH3?O2?催化剂???2CH3?C?CH3?2H2O?2—丙醇氧化制丙酮： 乙酸

OHO

浓H2SO4CH3COOH?HO?C2H5?????CH3COOC2H5?H2O

?浓H2SO4CH3COOH?HO?CH3?????CH3COOCH3?H2O

? CH2?OH CHCOO?CH2浓H2SO4?2H2O?2CH3COOH?????3?CH2?OHCH3COO?CH2

2CH3CHO?O2?催化剂???2CH3COOH

丁烷氧化法制乙酸：2CH3CH2CH2CH3?5O2????4CH3COOH?2H2O

一定T、P催化剂 酯

浓H2SO4HO?SO3H?CH3CH2OH?????CH3CH2OSO3H?H2O

?浓H2SO4HO?NO2?CH3CH2OH?????CH3CH2ONO2?H2O

?浓H2SO4CH3COOC2H5?H2O?????CH3COOH?HO?C2H5

? CH2?OH? CH3COO?CH2浓H2SO4??CH3COO?CHCH?OH?3CH3COOH????3H2O

CH2?OH CH2?OH?CH3COO?CH2 C17H33COO?CH2浓H2SO4??C17H33COO?CHCH?OH?3C17H33COOH????3H2O

CH2?OH CH2?OHC17H33COO?CH2 C17H35COO?CH2浓H2SO4??C17H35COO?CH?3H2OCH?OH?3C17H35COOH????C17H35COO?CH2CH?OH2

CH2?OH? C15H31COO?CH2浓H2SO4??C15H31COO?CH?3H2OCH?OH?3C15H31COOH???CH2?OH 油脂

C15H31COO?CH2 C17H35COO?CH2

C17H33COO?CH2催化剂???C17H35COO?CHC17H33COO?CH?3H2?一定T、PC17H33COO?CH2 C17H35COO?CH2C17H35COO?CH2

CH2?OH浓H2SO4C17H35COO?CH?3H2O?????3C17H35COOH?CH?OH?C17H35COO?CH2CH2?OH