【全国市级联考】浙江省杭州市2018届高三高考模拟卷二英语试题(原卷版)

Twenty-five years ago, as a parent educator, I began reading about the dangers of praise. I was completely shocked by what I was learning: praise is not good for our kids. How could that be? So I spent years talking with experts, reading about the effects of praise, and finally decided to close the door on praise and focus on building an encouraging family.

Even today, with many studies available to parents, I still hear people say, “How can that be? How can saying ‘Good job’ or ‘You’re smart’ be bad?” I understand. It can be a difficult habit to break.

If we tell a boy “You are so smart!” when he brings home an A in his math test, how does he feel when he comes home with a D? If we’ve told him that he is smart, then he will more likely feel a failure when he struggles with homework — “I’m supposed to be smart. Why can’t I do this?”

Praise trains children to depend on constant feedback on what a “great job” they are doing. This dependency shatters rather than builds children’s confidence. Praise trains children to ask, “Do you like it?” “Did I do a good job?” “Are you proud of me?” They begin to believe that what others think is more important than what they think about their achievements and mistakes.

Praise breaks the relationship between parents and children. Without even realizing it, parents may be using praise as a tool to direct the child’s behavior. The message is clear — I approve of you when you … and I do not approve of you when you … Living with this kind of constant judgment can damage not only the child’s confidence but also the relationship.

The solution to the problem of praise is encouragement. Encouragement can be given at any time, to anyone, in any situation. It is a comment, an acknowledgment, a statement that focuses on effort, improvement or choice. Hearing “You are so smart!” can leave a child at a loss when they don’t do well in a test. Using “That took a lot of work to come home with an A in your test …” gives a child the chance to be something else. 4. What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs? A. Many parents can’t get on well with their children. B. The author never shows any approval to his children. C. It’s hard for many parents to believe praise is harmful. D. The author spent 25 years changing people’s opinion on praise. 5. According to the passage, it seems that parents’ praise ______. A. can lead to children’s being smart B. might have just the opposite effect

C. is a good tool to educate their children D. helps them get along well with their children

6. Which of the following is a good example of encouragement? A. You are very good at math.

B. You are the best artist I have ever seen. C. You have a problem and you have to fix it.

D. You didn’t think you could finish in time, but you did.

C

The number of giraffes is becoming smaller across Africa, according to the Giraffe Conservation Foundation. The total population has dropped by 40 percent in the last 15 years. Surprisingly, even scientists haven’t given much attention to giraffes. We are learning more about their ecology, but what we know is still way behind what we know about other species. “It’s a silent extinction,” said Dr. Julian Hennessy, a wildlife scientist.

“The main reason for the smaller number of giraffes is their loss of living places,” said Hennessy, “as an increasing part of land is used for farming. But hunting also has a big influence.” You might wonder why hunters would focus on giraffes. First of all, once a giraffe is brought down, there is lots of meat with a small amount of effort. Besides, there is another thing encouraging the hunting. In Tanzania, Hennessy says, the latest word on the street is that eating giraffe meat could cure AIDS. Fresh giraffe heads and bones can be sold at prices of up to $140 per piece.

Another widespread misconception about giraffes is that they are everywhere. Look at kids’ books which are full of giraffes. They are always in zoo collections. They can be seen easily, so you don’t think we have to worry about them. But the truth is that they are in danger of extinction. There is a lack of right and true data.

Hennessy and other researchers are now pulling together the data needed to improve the situation of the entire giraffe species and all nine subspecies (亚种). The information will be used to change the giraffe’s listing on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List, which now lists the species as of “least concern” but two subspecies as “endangered”. “It’s a lot of work to gather the necessary information,” Hennessy says. “And several other giraffe subspecies will be recommended for endangered listings next year or the year after.” He hopes that the world will finally start to take notice of how endangered these beloved animals have become. 7. By saying “It’s a silent extinction”, Hennessy tells us that ______. A. giraffes are unpopular in Africa B. the giraffe is always silent in daily life

C. the ecology of Africa needs more attention D. the extinction occurs without enough attention

8. What has caused the high price of giraffe meat in Tanzania? A. The country’s custom. B. The illegal international trade.

C. The cost of hunting a giraffe. D. The idea that it’s a cure for AIDS. 9. The misconception in Para. 3 can be corrected by ______. A. preventing illegal hunting in Africa B. rewriting kids’ books about giraffes C. providing reliable data about giraffes D. spreading scientific knowledge of AIDS

10. The final purpose of Hennessy’s great effort is to ______. A. collect more information about giraffes B. raise public awareness of protecting giraffes C. prove giraffes will disappear in the next few years

D. work with the International Union for Conservation of Nature

第二节（共5个小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

How old is “old”? ______11______ Two hundred years ago, you were old at 35. That was the average life then. At the turn of this century, as medical knowledge advanced, the average life span(长度) increased to 45. In 1950, 70-year-olds were really old. Today, a healthy 70-year-old is looking forward to many more active years.

So, how old is old? The answer is one you’ve heard many times, from all sorts of people. “You are as old (or young) as you feel!” The calendar(日历) simply tells you how many years you have lived. ______12______ Once an unknown author wrote,“ ______13______. Nobody grows old by living a number of years; people grow old by giving up their goals.”

______14______. Alice Brophy, when she was with the New York City commission for the Aging, said, “It upsets me when people say, ‘Gee, you look young for your age!’ What does that mean? Is there some model that you’re supposed to look a certain way at 65 and 75 and 85? You know you can die old at 30 and live young at 80” There are many wrong ideas about aging. ______15______. Here are some of the more common ones. For example, most older people are in poor health, or older people are unable to change. A. It’s extremely terrible to be grown old.

B. Youth is not a time of life but it is a state of mind. C. These ideas stereotype(固化) people on the basis of age. D. Old is a point of view.

E. Older people are stubborn, unable to change. F. The answer has changed over the years. G. Your body tells you how well you’ve lived.

第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节：完形填空（共20个小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I was eighteen years old and I was the golden girl. I was president of the college drama society, a member of the student senate and so on. I was the ___16___of all my friends and I was in a state of ___17___. The old Greek tragedies ___18___us that when pride rises, punishment falls. My universe ____19____with great suddenness. The scenery（舞台布景道具） fell on my head and I was left almost ___20___for the next four months.

My memory was in a mess and within a few months all my ___21___were taken away. I was even told that I would have to leave the college at the end of the spring term ___22___, clearly, I couldn’t do academic work.”

Sad, I took one last ___23___by Dr. Jacob Taubes. He was the most brilliant teacher I had ever ____24____and in his class, I began to raise a tentative ___25___and ask an occasional question. He would answer with great intensity, and soon I found myself asking ___26___questions constantly. One day I was walking to the bus when I heard Dr. Taubes ___27___me, ”Miss Houston, let me walk with you. You know, you have a most ___28___mind.”

“Me? I have a mind?”

“Yes, of course.” Then he asked my understanding of some problems discussed in the classes.

From that day on, Dr. Taubes continued to ___29___me to the bus, always ___30___me with intellectually vigorous questions. Within several weeks my eyesight came back and my spirit ____31____.