英语六级考前预测试卷及答案二

新东方六级：http://edu.21cn.com/kcnet2270/ 六级qq群：238407043

Computers are now employed in an increasing number of fields in our daily life. Computers have been taught to play not only checkers, but also championship chess, which is a fairly accurate yardstick for measuring the computer’s progress in the ability to learn from experience.

Because the game requires logical reasoning, chess would seem to be perfectly suited to the computer. All a programmer has to do is to give the computer a program evaluating the consequences of every possible response to every possible move, and the computer will win every time. In theory this is a sensible approach; in practice it is impossible. Today, a powerful computer can analyze 40,000 moves a second. That is an impressive speed. But there are an astronomical number of possible moves in chess—literally trillions. Even if such a program were written (and in theory it could be, given enough people and enough time), there is no computer capable of holding that much data.

Therefore, if the computer is to compete at championship levels, it must be programmed to function with less than complete data. It must be able to learn from experience, to modify its own program, to deal with a relatively unstructured situation—in a word, to \for itself. In fact, this can be done. Chess-playing computers have yet to defeat world champion chess players, but several have beaten human players of only slightly lower ranks. The computers have had programs to carry them through the early, mechanical stages of their chess games. But they have gone on from there to reason and learn, and sometimes to win the game.

There are other proofs that computers can be programmed to learn, but this example is sufficient to demonstrate the point. Granted, winning a game of chess is not an earthshaking event even when a computer does it. But there are many serious human problems, which can be fruitfully approached as games. The Defense Department uses computers to play war games and work out strategies for dealing with international tensions. Other problems—international and interpersonal relations, ecology and economics, and the ever-increasing threat of world famine can perhaps be solved by the joint efforts of human beings and truly intelligent computers. 52. According to the passage, computers cannot be used to ______. A) solve the threat of world famine B) ease international tension

C) defeat world champion chess player

D) work out solutions to the industrial problems 53. In the author’s opinion, ______.

A) playing chess shows computer’s program has been developed into a new stage B) it is practically possible now that computer can win every chess game now C) computers even with less than complete data can be programmed to defeat the world champion chess player

D) computers can be programmed to play and reason but not learn

54. The author’s attitude toward the future use of computer is ______. A) negative B) positive C) indifferent

新东方六级：http://edu.21cn.com/kcnet2270/ 六级qq群：238407043

新东方六级：http://edu.21cn.com/kcnet2270/ 六级qq群：238407043

D) critical

55. In order to \ A) be programmed to have more than enough data B) learn from the experience and to reason C) deal with all the unstructured situation D) predicate every move in the chess

56. Today, the chess-playing computer can be programmed to ______.

A) have trillions of responses in a second to each possible move and win the game

B) store complete data and beat the best players

C) learn from chess-playing in the early stage and go on to win the game D) predicate every possible move but may fail to give the right response each time

Passage Two

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

Large animals that inhabit the desert have evolved a number of adaptations for reducing the effects of extreme heat. One adaptation is to be light in color, and to reflect rather than absorb the sun’s rays. Desert mammals also depart from the normal mammalian practice of maintaining a constant body temperature. Instead of trying to keep down the body temperature deep inside the body, which would involve the expenditure of water and energy, desert mammals allow their temperatures to rise to what would normally be fever height, and temperatures as high as 46 degrees Celsius have been measured in Grant’s gazelles. The overheated body then cools down during the cold desert night, and indeed the temperature may fall unusually low by dawn, as low as 34 degrees Celsius in the camel. This is an advantage since the heat of the first few hours of daylight is absorbed in warming up the body, and an excessive buildup of heat does not begin until well into the day.

Another strategy of large desert animals is to tolerate the loss of body water to a point that would be fatal for non-adapted animals. The camel can lose up to 30 percent of its body weight as water without harm to itself, whereas human beings die after losing only 12 to 13 percent of their body weight. An equally important adaptation is the ability to replenish this water loss at one drink. Desert animals can drink huge volumes in a short time, and camels have been known to imbibe (吸收) over 100 liters in a few minutes. A very dehydrated person, on the other hand, cannot drink enough water to rehydrate at one session, because the human stomach is not sufficiently big and because a too rapid dilution of the body fluids causes death from water intoxication. The tolerance of water loss is of obvious advantage in the desert, as animals do not have to remain near a water hole but can obtain food from grazing sparse pastures. Desert-adapted mammals have the further ability to feed normally when extremely dehydrated. It is a common experience in people that appetite is lost even under conditions of moderate thirst. 57. What is the passage mainly about?

A) Animals developed different strategies to survive.

B) Large animals can take strategies to reduce the effect of extreme heat.

新东方六级：http://edu.21cn.com/kcnet2270/ 六级qq群：238407043

新东方六级：http://edu.21cn.com/kcnet2270/ 六级qq群：238407043

C) Animals can tolerate the loss of body water.

D) A very dehydrated person can drink enough water to rehydrate. 58. Why light in color is important to large animals in deserts? A) It helped them maintain a constant normal body temperature. B) It reflects rather than absorbs the sun-light. C) It helps them see their peers at night. D) It helps them keep cool during the night. 59. What will be fatal to non-adapted animals? A) Keeping a normal body temperature. B) Drinking polluted water.

C) Drinking huge volumes of water in a short time. D) Feeding when dehydrated.

60. What does the author imply about desert-adapted mammals? A) They do not need to eat much food. B) They can eat large quantities quickly. C) They easily lose their appetites.

D) They can travel long distances looking for food.

61. What is the following strategy not mentioned by the author? A) The body temperature can be extremely high and cold.

B) Tolerate the loss of body water and replenish it immediately. C) Lost appetite under the condition of moderate thirsty. D) To be light in color. Part V Cloze (5 minutes)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Memory is a special thing in our life. What’s your earliest childhood memory? Can you remember learning to walk? Or talk? The first time you 62 thunder or watched a television program? Adults seldom 63 events much earlier than the year or so before entering school, just as children younger than three or four 64 retain any specific, personal experiences. A variety of explanations have been 65 by psychologists for this \amnesia\(儿童失忆症). One argues that the hippocampus, the region of the brain which is responsible for forming memories, does not mature 66 about the age of two. But the most popular theory 67 that, since adults do not think like children, they can not 68 childhood memories. Adults think in words, and their life memories, are like stories or 69 —one event follows 70 as in a novel or film. But when they search through their mental 71 for early childhood memories to add to this verbal life story, they don’t find any that fits the 72 . It’s like trying to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary.

Now psychologist Annette Simms of the New York State University offers a new 73 for childhood amnesia. She argues that there simply 74 any early childhood memories to recall. According to Dr. Simms, children need to learn to use 75 spoken description of their personal experiences in order to turn their own short-term,

新东方六级：http://edu.21cn.com/kcnet2270/ 六级qq群：238407043

新东方六级：http://edu.21cn.com/kcnet2270/ 六级qq群：238407043

quickly 76 impressions of them into long-term memories. In other 77 , children have to talk about their experiences and hear others talk about 78 —Mother talking about the afternoon 79 looking for seashells at the beach or Dad asking them about their day at Ocean Park. Without this 80 reinforcement, says Dr. Simms, children cannot form 81 memories of their personal experiences. 62. A) listened B) felt C) touched D) heard

63. A) involve B) interpret C) recall D) resolve 64. A) largely B) rarely C) merely D) really

65. A) canceled B) figured C) proposed D) witnessed 66. A) until B) once C) after D) since

67. A) magnifies B) intervenes C) contains D) maintains 68. A) reflect B) attain C) access D) refer

69. A) narratives B) forecasts C) regulations D) descriptions 70. A) the rest B) another C) the other D) others 71. A) outputs B) dreams C) flashes D) files 72. A) footstep B) pattern C) frame D) landscape

73. A) emphasis B) arrangement C) explanation D) factor 74. A) aren’t B) weren’t C) isn’t D) wasn’t

75. A) anyone else B) anyone else’s C) some else D) someone else’s 76. A) forgotten B) remembered C) forgetting D) remembering 77. A) senses B) cases C) words D) means 78. A) him B) theirs C) it D) them

79. A) used B) chosen C) taken D) spent

80. A) habitual B) verbal C) pretty D) mutual

81. A) permanent B) conscious C) subordinate D) spiritual PartⅥ Translation (5 minutes) Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.

82. Children are very eager___________________________ in the film (成为像电影中英雄那样强壮勇敢的人).

83. The essence of the scientific attitude is ______________________________. (人类一定能将宇宙探究清楚).

84. It is _____________________________ that keeps freedom alive (是冲突而不是绝对的一致).

85. With full determination, we are ___________________________________ (有能力最终解决这个棘手的问题).

86. There was something _______________________________ about the plan that pleased all of them (富于创造性，独出心裁，很有气势). Part I Writing 【写作思路】

青少年的成长一直是一个有争议的话题，有人认为家庭的影响至关重要，会作用于青少年的一生;也有人认为“人以群分”，朋友在青少年的成长发育过程中具有不可替代的影响作用。

大学生也属于青少年，经历着成长过程中父母和朋友的影响。本篇作文以考生自身为题

新东方六级：http://edu.21cn.com/kcnet2270/ 六级qq群：238407043