汽车构造第五版上册复习题 - 图文

In 2016 County Economic workshop Shang of speech comrade are: this county economic workshop of main task is, full implement implementation Central, and provincial, and municipal economic workshop and province party main leaders seminar spirit, recalled summary results, analysis judge situation, arrangements deployment new annual focus work task, mobilization County upper and lower further grasp new normal, implementation new concept, temper new style, show new as, struggled to advance County economic social transformation upgrade science development. Following, told four a aspects of problem: a, and full certainly results, effective firm transformation upgrade of confidence and determination 2015, face macroeconomic down pressure continued increased of severe situation and difficult heavy of reform development task, County upper and lower tight at Central and provinces series major decision deployment, firmly grasp stability in the seeking into total tone, active adapted economic development new normal, focused focus field, full work storming, County economic social development rendering out contrarian to good, and stability in the has into, and more points breakthrough, and Overall a good trend. One is closely linked to the transformation and upgrading of the global, comprehensive economic power significantly. Accurately gauge the macro situation and based on real comprehensive plan, strongly promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Project support capacity increased significantly. Adhere to the inside and outside simultaneously, build, implementation of national and provincial investment of 625 million Yuan, for State one or two, three, four or five specific bond funds and local replacement bond funds of 554 million Yuan, for the starting year of key construction projects has laid a solid foundation. In particular the national circular economy demonstration counties and .two State-level pilot project of ecological demonstration County project platforms settled in jingchuan, Zhu Jia Jian construction of the reservoir began, handicap reservoirs, Liu Lihe reservoir preparat4ion work goewell, take solid steps for comprehensive utilization of water resources; city gas station to speed up implementation of the project, I became the County's first West-East gas pipeline project in the surrounding area benefit from the County, major projects supported increased significantly. Overall well-off society constantly consolidate 254the basis. Battle victory industrial development as the primary task of the well-off, fruit production suitable for full coverage of the target will be realized, vegetable industry development area extending, farming aquaculture changes the momentum of the show, \se + base + farmers\lly introduced measures significantly strengthen standardized management, industry constantly consolidate the basis and enriching. Investment attraction results continue to expand. Adhere to the soft environment of excellence and improve the environment are equally汽车构造习题集

总论

一、填空题

1.世界上第一辆装有功率为 汽油机、最大车速为 的三轮汽车是由德国工程师 于1885年在曼海姆城研制成功，1886年1月29日立案专利的。因此人们把 年称为汽车诞生年， 被称为“汽车之父”。

2.由于科学技术的发展，从第一辆汽车诞生至今，汽车的外形发生了巨大的变化，汽车的外形就轿车而言有 型、 型、 型、 型、 型和 型，而楔形汽车已接近于理想的汽车造型。

3.1889年法国的别儒研制成功了 和 ；1891年 在法国开发成功；1891年法国首先采用了前置发动机 驱动。

4.未来的汽车造型更趋于流线型，将有陆空两用优点的“ ”；可在泥泞道路或沼泽地自由行走的 汽车；有仿动物行走特征的四“腿”无轮 汽车；水陆空三用汽车及 汽车、 汽车。

5.我国汽车工业的建立是在1956年10月以 的建成投产为标志的，从此结束了我国不能制造汽

车的历史。1968年我国在湖北十堰市又开始建设了 。它们的第一代产品分别是 型、 型；第二代产品分别是 型、 型；第三代产品分别是 型、 型。

6.按照国标GB3730.1－88《汽车和挂车的术语和定义》中规定的术语和汽车类型，汽车分为 车、 车、 车、 车、 车、 车和 车等七类。

7.现代汽车的类型虽然很多，各类汽车的总体构造有所不同，但它们的基本组成大体都可分为 、 、 和 四大部分。

8.汽车从静止到开始运动和正常行驶过程中，都不可避免地受到外界的各种阻力。假定汽车作等速直线行驶，这时汽车所受到的阻力有 、 和 。 二、解释术语 1.CA1092 2.整车装备质量 3.最大装载质量 4.转弯半径 5.平均燃料消耗量

6.记号（4×2）在表示驱动方式时的含义 7.上止点和下止点

三、判断题（正确打√、错误打×） 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

载客汽车称为客车，其乘座人数包括驾驶员在内。 （ ） 越野汽车主要用于非公路上载运人员、货物或牵引，因此它都是由后轮驱动的。（ ）

汽车按行驶机构的特征不同可分为轮式、履带式、雪橇式、螺旋推进式和气垫式等汽车。（ ） 汽车满载时的总质量称为汽车的最大总质量。 （ ）

汽车正常行驶过程中所受到的滚动阻力，主要是由于车轮滚动时轮胎与路面的变形产生的，其数值的大小与汽车总重力、轮胎结构和气压以及路面的性质有关。 （ ） 6. 7. 8.

当汽车驱动力与汽车行驶中的各种阻力之和相等时，汽车就停止运动。 （ ） 汽车在任何行驶条件下均存在滚动阻力和空气阻力。 （ ） 汽车驱动力的大小主要取决于发动机输出功率的大小。 （ ）

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四、问答题

1.汽车发动机的基本作用是什么？

In 2016 County Economic workshop Shang of speech comrade are: this county economic workshop of main task is, full implement implementation Central, and provincial, and municipal economic workshop and province party main leaders seminar spirit, recalled summary results, analysis judge situation, arrangements deployment new annual focus work task, mobilization County upper and lower further grasp new normal, implementation new concept, temper new style, show new as, struggled to advance County economic social transformation upgrade science development. Following, told four a aspects of problem: a, and full certainly results, effective firm transformation upgrade of confidence and determination 2015, face macroeconomic down pressure continued increased of severe situation and difficult heavy of reform development task, County upper and lower tight at Central and provinces series major decision deployment, firmly grasp stability in the seeking into total tone, active adapted economic development new normal, focused focus field, full work storming, County economic social development rendering out contrarian to good, and stability in the has into, and more points breakthrough, and Overall a good trend. One is closely linked to the transformation and upgrading of the global, comprehensive economic power significantly. Accurately gauge the macro situation and based on real comprehensive plan, strongly promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Project support capacity increased significantly. Adhere to the inside and outside simultaneously, build, implementation of national and provincial investment of 625 million Yuan, for State one or two, three, four or five specific bond funds and local replacement bond funds of 554 million Yuan, for the starting year of key construction projects has laid a solid foundation. In particular the national circular economy demonstration counties and .two State-level pilot project of ecological demonstration County project platforms settled in jingchuan, Zhu Jia Jian construction of the reservoir began, handicap reservoirs, Liu Lihe reservoir preparat4ion work goewell, take solid steps for comprehensive utilization of water resources; city gas station to speed up implementation of the project, I became the County's first West-East gas pipeline project in the surrounding area benefit from the County, major projects supported increased significantly. Overall well-off society constantly consolidate 254the basis. Battle victory industrial development as the primary task of the well-off, fruit production suitable for full coverage of the target will be realized, vegetable industry development area extending, farming aquaculture changes the momentum of the show, \se + base + farmers\lly introduced measures significantly strengthen standardized management, industry constantly consolidate the basis and enriching. Investment attraction results continue to expand. Adhere to the soft environment of excellence and improve the environment are equally2.汽车底盘的含义是什么？其基本作用是什么？ 3.什么是附着作用和附着力？

4.保证汽车正常行驶的必要充分条件是什么？ 5.汽车的驱动力是如何产生的？ 6.汽车正常行驶的驱动附着条件是什么？

第一章

一、填空题

1.往复活塞式点燃发动机一般由 、 、 、 、 、 和 组成。

2.四冲程发动机曲轴转二周，活塞在气缸里往复行程 次，进、排气门各开闭 次，气缸里热能转化为机械能 次。

3.二冲程发动机曲轴转 周，活塞在气缸里往复行程 次，完成 工作循环。 4.发动机的动力性指标主要有 、 等；经济性指标主要是 。 5.发动机的有效功率与指示功率之比称为 。

6.汽车用活塞式内燃机每一次将热能转化为机械能，都必须经过 、 、 和 等一系列过程，这一系列过程称为发动机的一个 。 二、解释术语 1.上止点和下止点 2.压缩比 3.活塞行程 4.发动机排量 5.四冲程发动机 6.爆燃与表面点火 7.发动机有效转矩 8.发动机有效功率 9.发动机热效率

10.发动机转速特性、外特性 11.发动机负荷 12.发动机燃油消耗率 13.发动机工况

三、判断题（正确打√、错误打×）

1.载客汽车称为客车，其乘座人数包括驾驶员在内。 （ ） 2.越野汽车主要用于非公路上载运人员、货物或牵引，因此它都是由后轮驱动的。（ ）

3.汽车按行驶机构的特征不同可分为轮式、履带式、雪橇式、螺旋推进式和气垫式等汽车。（ ） 4.汽车满载时的总质量称为汽车的最大总质量。 （ ）

5.汽车正常行驶过程中所受到的滚动阻力，主要是由于车轮滚动时轮胎与路面的变形产生的，其数值的大小与汽车总重力、轮胎结构和气压以及路面的性质有关。 （ ）

6.当汽车驱动力与汽车行驶中的各种阻力之和相等时，汽车就停止运动。 （ ） 7.汽车在任何行驶条件下均存在滚动阻力和空气阻力。 （ ） 8.汽车驱动力的大小主要取决于发动机输出功率的大小。 （ ）

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汽车发动机总体构造和工作原理

9.由于柴油机的压缩比大于汽油机的压缩比，因此在压缩终了时的压力及燃烧后产生的气体压力比汽油机压力高。

In 2016 County Economic workshop Shang of speech comrade are: this county economic workshop of main task is, full implement implementation Central, and provincial, and municipal economic workshop and province party main leaders seminar spirit, recalled summary results, analysis judge situation, arrangements deployment new annual focus work task, mobilization County upper and lower further grasp new normal, implementation new concept, temper new style, show new as, struggled to advance County economic social transformation upgrade science development. Following, told four a aspects of problem: a, and full certainly results, effective firm transformation upgrade of confidence and determination 2015, face macroeconomic down pressure continued increased of severe situation and difficult heavy of reform development task, County upper and lower tight at Central and provinces series major decision deployment, firmly grasp stability in the seeking into total tone, active adapted economic development new normal, focused focus field, full work storming, County economic social development rendering out contrarian to good, and stability in the has into, and more points breakthrough, and Overall a good trend. One is closely linked to the transformation and upgrading of the global, comprehensive economic power significantly. Accurately gauge the macro situation and based on real comprehensive plan, strongly promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Project support capacity increased significantly. Adhere to the inside and outside simultaneously, build, implementation of national and provincial investment of 625 million Yuan, for State one or two, three, four or five specific bond funds and local replacement bond funds of 554 million Yuan, for the starting year of key construction projects has laid a solid foundation. In particular the national circular economy demonstration counties and .two State-level pilot project of ecological demonstration County project platforms settled in jingchuan, Zhu Jia Jian construction of the reservoir began, handicap reservoirs, Liu Lihe reservoir preparat4ion work goewell, take solid steps for comprehensive utilization of water resources; city gas station to speed up implementation of the project, I became the County's first West-East gas pipeline project in the surrounding area benefit from the County, major projects supported increased significantly. Overall well-off society constantly consolidate 254the basis. Battle victory industrial development as the primary task of the well-off, fruit production suitable for full coverage of the target will be realized, vegetable industry development area extending, farming aquaculture changes the momentum of the show, \se + base + farmers\lly introduced measures significantly strengthen standardized management, industry constantly consolidate the basis and enriching. Investment attraction results continue to expand. Adhere to the soft environment of excellence and improve the environment are equally（ ）

10.多缸发动机各气缸的总容积之和，称为发动机排量。 （ ） 11.发动机的燃油消耗率越小，经济性越好。 （ ） 12.发动机总容积越大，它的功率也就越大。 （ ） 四、选择题

1.发动机的有效转矩与曲轴角速度的乘积称之为（ ）。

A、指示功率 B、有效功率 C、最大转矩 D、最大功率

2.发动机在某一转速发出的功率与同一转速下所可能发出的最大功率之比称之为（ ）。

A、发动机工况 B、有效功率 C、工作效率 D、发动机负荷 3.燃油消耗率最低的负荷是（ ）。

A、发动机怠速时 B、发动机大负荷时 C、发动机中等负荷时 D、发动机小负荷时 4.汽车耗油量最少的行驶速度是（ ）。

A、低速 B、中速 C、全速 D、超速 5.汽车发动机的标定功率是指（ ）。

A、15min功率 B、1h功率 C、12h功率 D、持续功率 6.在测功机上测量发动机功率，能直接测量到的是（ ）。

A、功率 B、功率和转速 C、转矩和转速 D、负荷 五、问答题

1.简述四冲程汽油机工作过程。

2.四冲程汽油机和柴油机在总体结构上有哪些相同点和不同点？

3.柴油机与汽油机在可燃混合气形成方式和点火方式上有何不同？它们所用的压缩比为何不一样？ 4.汽油机与柴油机各有哪些优缺点？为什么柴油机在汽车上得到越来越普遍的应用？

5.解放CA6102型发动机，其活塞行程为114.3mm，试计算出该发动机的排量。（提示：CA6102发动机的缸径为101.6mm）若知其压缩比为7，问燃烧室容积是多少升。

6.为什么柴油汽车对道路阻力变化的适应性比汽油车差（提示：外特性曲线）？ 7.试从经济性角度分析，为什么汽车发动机将会广泛采用柴油机（提示：外特性曲线）？

第二章 曲柄连杆机构

一、填空题

1.曲柄连杆机构的工作条件是 、 、 和 。

2.机体的作用是 ，安装 并承受 。

3.气缸体的结构形式有 、 、 三种。CA6102汽油机和YC6105QC柴油机均采用 。

4.EQ1092型汽车发动机采用的是 燃烧室，CA1092型汽车采用的是 燃烧室，一汽奥迪100型汽车发动机采用的是 燃烧室。

5.活塞与气缸壁之间应保持一定的配合间隙，间隙过大将会产生 、 和 ；间隙过小又会产生 、 。

6.活塞受 、 和 三个力，为了保证其正常工作，活塞的形状是比较特殊的，轴线方向呈 形；径向方向呈 形。

7.四缸四冲程发动机的作功顺序一般是 或 ；六缸四冲程发动机作功顺序一般是 或 。

8.曲柄连杆机构的主要零件可分为 、 和 三个组。

9.机体组包括 、 、 、 等；活塞连杆组包括 、 、 、 等；曲轴飞轮组包括 、 等。

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In 2016 County Economic workshop Shang of speech comrade are: this county economic workshop of main task is, full implement implementation Central, and provincial, and municipal economic workshop and province party main leaders seminar spirit, recalled summary results, analysis judge situation, arrangements deployment new annual focus work task, mobilization County upper and lower further grasp new normal, implementation new concept, temper new style, show new as, struggled to advance County economic social transformation upgrade science development. Following, told four a aspects of problem: a, and full certainly results, effective firm transformation upgrade of confidence and determination 2015, face macroeconomic down pressure continued increased of severe situation and difficult heavy of reform development task, County upper and lower tight at Central and provinces series major decision deployment, firmly grasp stability in the seeking into total tone, active adapted economic development new normal, focused focus field, full work storming, County economic social development rendering out contrarian to good, and stability in the has into, and more points breakthrough, and Overall a good trend. One is closely linked to the transformation and upgrading of the global, comprehensive economic power significantly. Accurately gauge the macro situation and based on real comprehensive plan, strongly promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Project support capacity increased significantly. Adhere to the inside and outside simultaneously, build, implementation of national and provincial investment of 625 million Yuan, for State one or two, three, four or five specific bond funds and local replacement bond funds of 554 million Yuan, for the starting year of key construction projects has laid a solid foundation. In particular the national circular economy demonstration counties and .two State-level pilot project of ecological demonstration County project platforms settled in jingchuan, Zhu Jia Jian construction of the reservoir began, handicap reservoirs, Liu Lihe reservoir preparat4ion work goewell, take solid steps for comprehensive utilization of water resources; city gas station to speed up implementation of the project, I became the County's first West-East gas pipeline project in the surrounding area benefit from the County, major projects supported increased significantly. Overall well-off society constantly consolidate 254the basis. Battle victory industrial development as the primary task of the well-off, fruit production suitable for full coverage of the target will be realized, vegetable industry development area extending, farming aquaculture changes the momentum of the show, \se + base + farmers\lly introduced measures significantly strengthen standardized management, industry constantly consolidate the basis and enriching. Investment attraction results continue to expand. Adhere to the soft environment of excellence and improve the environment are equally10.活塞销与销座及连杆小头的配合有 及 二种形式。 11.油环的结构形式有 和 二种。

12.气环的截面形状主要有 、 、 、 几种。 13.气缸套有 和 两种。 二、解释术语 1.燃烧室 2.湿式缸套 3.扭曲环 4.活塞销偏置 5.“伞浮式”活塞销 6.全支承曲轴 7.曲轴平衡重

三、判断题（正确打√、错误打×）

1.活塞行程是曲柄旋转半径的2倍。 （ ） 2.经济车速是指很慢的行驶速度。 （ ） 3.通常，汽油机的经济性比柴油机差，从外特性中的（ ）

4.发动机转速过高过低，气缸内充气量都将减少。 （ ） 5.发动机转速增高，其单位时间的耗油量也增高。 （ ） 6.发动机最经济的燃油消耗率对应转速是在最大转矩转速与最大功率转速之间。（ ） 7.同一发动机的标定功率值可能会不同。 （ ）

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ge曲线比较，汽油机ge曲线比柴油机ge曲线平缓。

8.在测功机上测定发动机功率时，是在不带空气滤清器、风扇、消声器、发电机等条件下进行的。 （ ）

9.汽油机常用干式缸套，而柴油机常用湿式缸套。 （ ）

10.安装气缸垫时，光滑面应朝向气缸体；若气缸体为铸铁材料，缸盖为铝合金材料，光滑的一面应朝向缸盖。 （ ）

11.活塞顶是燃烧室的一部分，活塞头部主要用来安装活塞环，活塞裙部可起导向的作用。（ ） 四、选择题

1.CA6102型汽车发动机采用的是（ ）。

A、干式缸套 B、湿式缸套 C、无缸套结构 2.曲轴上的平衡重一般设在（ ）。

A、曲轴前端 B、曲轴后端 C、曲柄上 3.曲轴后端的回油螺纹的旋向应该是（ ）。 A、与曲轴转动方向相同 B、与曲轴转动方向相反 4.CA1092汽车发动机支承采用的是（ ）。

A、前一后二支承 B、前二后一支承 C、前二后二支承 5.YC6105QC柴油机其连杆与连杆盖的定位采用（ ）。

A、连杆螺栓本身 B、定位套筒 C、止口 D、锯齿定位 6.外圆切槽的扭曲环安装时切槽（ ）。 A、向上 B、向下

7.曲轴轴向定位点采用的是（ ）。

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