山东省潍坊市2019届高三高考模拟(4月二模)考试英语试题word版

are perfectly able to take care of themselves.

Getting charity right isn't easy. But from money raising to the boom in volunteering among Millennials (千禧一代），from the increasing worldwide willingness to give to the efforts by charity organizations to become more effective and fruitful，there is strong evidence that human beings' ability of taking care of others is growing along with their ability to help without harming.

Charity can be as simple as holding the door for a stranger and as complex as a global campaign to get rid of malaria(疟疾). Charity works best when it retums the weak to strength， when it helps a small town shaken by a heavy earthquake get back on its feet. A successful charity is one that eventually is no longer needed.

28. Why have critics worried about misdirected charity?

A. It may do harm to receivers. B. It may cause independence. C. It can be driven by guilt. D. It can be encouraged by duty.

29. What can be a proper way to give charity in time of natural disasters?

A. Hiring far-off volunteers. B. Digging wells for victims. C. Giving out untargeted handouts. D. Helping locals to be self-supported. 30. What can we learn from paragraph 4?

A. It's easy to give charity without harming. B. Millennials are volunteering to raise money.. C. People's ability of giving; charity is improving. D. Charity organizations.are spreading all over the world. 31. What is the main idea of the text?

A. The world is in need of charity. B. It's necessary to get charity right. C. Charity do.es more good than harm. D. Giving charity is helping ourselves.

D

Kaitlin Woolley and Ayelet Fishbach report in Psychological Science that a meal taken \-style\

Having conducted previous research in 2017 revealing that eating similar foods led to people feeling emotionally closer to one another，Dr Woolley and Dr Fishbach wondered whether the way in which food was served also had a psychological effect. They theorized that，on the one hand，sharing food with other people might indicate food scarcity (短缺） and increase a feeling of competition. However，they also reasoned that it could instead lead people to become more aware of others' needs and drive cooperative behavior as a result. Curious to find out，they did a series of experiments.

For the first test they recruited 100 pairs of participants from a local cafe，none of whom knew each other. The participants were seated at a table and fed tortilla chips with salsa. Half the pairs were given their own basket of 20 grams of chips and a bowl of 25 grams of salsa，and half were given 40 grams of chips and 50 grams of salsa to share. As a cover for the experiment， all participants were told this snack was to be consumed before the game began.

The game asked the participants to negotiate an hourly wage rate during a fictional strike. Each person was randomly assigned to represent the union or management and follow a set of rules.

The researchers measured cooperation by noting the number of rounds it took to reach an agreement，and found that those who shared food resolved the strike significantly faster ( in 8.7 rounds) than those who did not (13.2 rounds). A similar experiment was conducted with 104 participants and Goldfish crackers( 4cA:f) ，this time negotiating an airline's route prices. The results were much the same，with the food-sharers negotiating successfully 63.3o'/o of the time and those who did not share doing so 42.9% of the time. 32. What does the \-style\

A. A meal taken at home. B. A meal shared with others. C. A meal consumed by oneself. D. A meal taken in a family atmosphere. 33. For what purpose did the researchers carry out the present experiments?

A. To show the way food is served.

B. To prove sharing food increases competition. C. To confirm sharing food can promote cooperation.

D. To find out whether sharing food can get people close emotionally. 34. Why were participants asked to eat up the snack before the game?

A. To add to their energy.

B. To rewaid them for their partcipation C. To hide the intention of the experiment. D. To avoid the distraction during. the game.

35. How did Dr Woolley and Dr Fishbach prove their point of view?

A. By making a questionnaire. B. By giving participants interviews. C. By analysing the reasons for cooperation. D. By comparing the results of the experiments. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

You can take fish oil supplements. You can invest in a language class. There are countless methods to improve your memory and cognitive functioning. 36 . It's called reading. It is amazing how such an ordinary activity can improve your brain m so many ways.

The most basic impact occurs in the brain area associated with language reception. Compared with processing spoken language，reading encourages the brain to work harder and better. 37. A study found that some of those benefits lasted for five days.

Reading also energizes the region responsible for motor activity. That's because the brain is a very lively play actor. When it is reading about a physical activity，the neurons （神经元） that

control that activity get busy as well. You may not actual_ly be riding a horse when you're reading Seabiscuit，but your brain acts as if it is. 38 ， the better it is for your overall cognitive performance.

What if you are a poor reader who feels as if you'll never be able to read enough to harvest these benefits? _ 39 _. Scientists studied children aged eight to ten who were below-average readers. One hundred hours of reading classes significantly improved the quality of their brains' white matter - the tissue that carries signals between areas of gray matter，where information is processed.

40. Results from a study indicate that close literary reading gives your brain a better workout than leisurely reading. The ability to read closely needs to be developed. So turn off your phone and your computer，set aside a good hour or two - and just read.

A. Reading is good for your health

B. A book can fix that problem too C. If you read books on a regular basis D. Not all reading is actually created equal E. And the benefits continue long after reading F. The more parts of your brain that get a workout

G. But the most effective way to sharpen your brain is right here 第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

A chance encounter left both inspired about the country

Anthony Maggert knew just about everything about Colin Powell. He'd read all of his books.He'd watched him on television，awed by the 41 he showed even in the hardest times.And then，he got into the military，42 23 years in Afghanistan，where he lost one 43.It had been Powell whom he'd thought of _44. He was an ideal to strive toward. N

On Tuesday，Maggert was driving on the Capital Beltway. When he noticed a tall man 45 down beside his car，trying to fix a flat front tire，Maggert immediately thought he 46 him.

But no，it couldn't be. Out here7 Thinking he'd help the trapped driver 47 way，he 48 his car，and with an artificial leg，walked toward the man. That was when he realised that he'd been 49 . A few miles away，in Washington，the government had shut down，two sides shouting at each other. But out here，the matter at hand was 50，a flat tire. The two of them 51 about Afghanistan while fixing the tire.

\，\，now 81，52 whom he again saw that effortless calm. \，I'm as energetic as he is.，' All that day，Maggert thought about what happened.

Later that day，Maggert wrote him a 54 :\，I hope I never forget today because I'll never forget reading your books，\，a leader and statesman. You were the giant whose shoulders we stood upon to carry the torch to 56 the way and now it is tomorrow's generation that must do the same. \

Powell then 57 in kind:\，Anthony，\