人教版八年级上册英语期末知识点总结及练习

12. He aims to be a ______________ writer . ( success) 13. I was _________ to meet you here . ( luck )

14. The work is really difficult . However , it’s very _____________( interest ) 15. He has __________ apples than I . ( few ) 16. She seemed ________________ ( worry )

17. Which subject is the ____________________ of all ? ( important ) 18.There is much _________milk in the bottle than in the bowl . ( much )

( )1.They keep the door ________ and I can’t get it . A closing B closed C closes D close

( )2. A: Li Ying, our school will move to a new place next year! B. The news sounds _____.

A. well B. real C. really D. stressed out

( ) 3. I can ___________ hear you. Please say it again.

A. nearly B. hardly C. never D. clearly ( )4.If you don’t work ____ at school , you will ______ go to a good college . A hard ; hard B hard ; hardly C hardly ; hardly D hardly ; hard ( ) 5. The little baby is ________ healthy.

A. nice B. good C. quiet D. pretty

( )6. Sophie is a ______ gril . She always smiles and says hello to others . A shy B friendly C crazy D healthy

( )7. The teacher speaks loudly so that the students can hear her _______ . A slowly B quietly C heavily D clearly ( )8.—Have you ever read the book Harry Potter ?

-- Yes , and I think it’s very ________ . I want to read it again . A boring B exciting C bored D excited ( )9.Mary has three brothers . Smith is _______ of the three . A most all B the tallest C tallest D taller

( )10.I didn’t know which was ______ ,so I took them both . A good B better C best D the best

( )11. You should practice more to improve your English , then , you will be ___ at it. A good B better C best D the best

( )12.—Which do you like _____ , blue or green ? --Blue . A better B best C good D well ( )13.I am _______ than Jack _______ swimming .

A good ; at B better ; at C good ; in D for ; to

( )14.—Peter is ____ than you , right ? –Yes , but he is ____ runner in our class . A heavier ; best B heavy ; the best C heavier ; the best D heavy ; better

( )15.Shuhao Lin is now one of ________ basketball player in the NBA . A. popular B more popular C the most popular D most popular

( )16.To live a green life , we should try to save _____ energy and produce ___ pollution A more ; less B less ; more C more ; fewer D most ; least ( )7.I think the building is ______ higher than that one . A .very B much C many D more

( )18. –What a nice watch it is ! --Yes . It’s _____ one of all .

A expensive B more expensive C the most expensive D cheapest ( )19.The ______ friends you have , the ________ you will be .

A more ; happy B many ; happy C more ; happier D many ; happier ( )20.Many Chinese students think science subjects are ____ foreign languages .

A. more difficult as B less difficult than C much difficult than D so difficult as ( )21.Liu Huan always sings ______ than Zhou Jielun .

A clear B clearly C more clearly D clearlier ( )22.Li Hua’s shoes are as _____ as Zhang Jie’s .

A cheap B cheaper C the cheaper D cheapers

句型

一、感叹句

1、由what引导的感叹句，其基本句型为：

(1). What + （形容词）+ 可数名词复数/不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语 ！ What big apples these are! What fine weather it is!

(2). What + a / an + ( 形容词) + 可数名词（单数） + 主语 + 谓语 ！ What an honest man he is!

2、由how引导的感叹句，其基本句型为：

(1). How + 形容词或副词 + 主语 + 谓语 ！How fast he runs! (2). How + 形容词或副词 + a/ an+名词单数 +主 + 谓 ！ How heavy a box they are carrying!

二、there be 句型 “有”，表示某处存在某人或某物 1. There is + 冠词 + 单数可数名词 + 地点状语 There is a football under the chair. 2. There are + 复数名词 + 地点状语 There are ten students in the office.

3. 就近原则 there is a boy, a girl, and two woman in the house.

4. There be 强调空间上的存在。Have（has）强调所属关系。5. There be + sb./sth. + doing sth (有?正在做某事） Today there are already robots working in factories.

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三、祈使句：表示命令、请求、建议等语气的句子叫做祈使句。祈使句以动词原形开头，其否定形式是在前面加上 don’t 构成 1. 动词原形 + 其他。 Turn on the blender.

2. Let + 宾语+ 动词原形 + 其他 Let's make fruit salad. 3. No + 名词/动名词 No smoking.

4. 否定式：在动词原形前加 don't 构成。 Don't be late again.

四、倒装句

③祈使句，+or/and +一般将来时的陈述句。Hurry up, or we‘ll be late for class.

( )1.There ________ three pieces of paper on the table . A is B have C are D has ( )2.—Why are you in such a hurry , John ?

--There ____ a basketball match between Class Three and our class in ten minutes . A is going to be B is going to have C will have D will hold

( ) 3. They won‘t have a meeting until Mr King _______ back next Friday.

1、由so引导的倒装句：用于上一个句子是肯定句时。

（1）so + be/助动词/情态动词 + 主语，表示“另一个也如此”之意。相当于 me too. ( —Bob is a student. —me to. = so am I. （2）so + 主语 + be/助动词/情态动词，表示“上句的主语确实如此”之意。 ( —Bob is a good student. —So he is.

2、由neither引导的倒装句：用于上一个句子是否定句时。构成：

( Neither + be/助动词/情态动词 + 主语，表示“另一个也不如此” 别人是 ?时，相当于 me neither. Eg:—Bob isn‘t a student. —neither is she. (

五、反意疑问句：

( 1、定义：反意疑问句是附加在陈述句后的简单句。反意疑问句通常由两个部分构成， 前一部分是对事实的陈述，后一部分是简短的提问。

( 2.后一部分的构成：若前句中有be动词/助动词/情态动词时可直接使用，若没有则借助助 动词do , does ,did 。 3.构成：（1）前肯，后否；（2）前否，后肯。Tom study hard, doesn‘t she? ( （3）若前句是祈使句，则后部分用“will you ”,译为“好吗？”。Turn on the blender, will you?

但如果是以“let’s”开头时，用“shall we” ；Let‘s go swimming, shall we? ( 4.如果是think, believe,等引导的宾语从句，附加疑问部分要看从句的主谓。 I don‘t think she is a doctor, is she?

( 六、选择疑问句：指说话人提出两种或两种以上情况，问对方选择哪种，用or 连用。不

能用yes 或No 回答，做出具体回答。 ( Eg: Is she tall or short? She‘s tall.

( 八、状语从句

⑴ 条件状语从句由if或unless引导（即：真实条件句），表示假设的条件有可能存在或 成立。

( ①主句要一般将来时、从句要一般现在时。If you go to the party, you‘ll have a great time. ②主句是祈使句或含有情态动词，从句要一般现在时。

( Don‘t go out if you don‘t finish your homework.

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A. get B. gets B. is gettig D. will get

)4.Bill , ________ watch TV on weekdays .

A not try to B try not to C don‘t try D try not

)5.--______ beautiful day it is ! Let’s go and have a picnic in the park . --Good idea. A How B How a C What D What a )6.____ your homework now . Let’s go out to play basketball . A Don’t B Not do C Don’t do D Be not do )7.We’ll go boating if it ______ cold tomorrow .

A doesn’t B won’t C won’t be D isn’t

)8.If you _____ late tomorrow morning , you won’t catch the early bus . A get up B don’t get up C will get up D got up )9.—Mr. Green is ill today . -- ___________ .

A That’s all right B I’m sorry to hear that C You’re welcome D That’s OK .

)10.—Would you like to go out for a walk with us ? --__________ .

A Not at all B Yes ,I’d like C Of course not D Yes , I’d love to

) 11. A: I hear you are going to Hong Kong for holiday this afternoon. B: _________! A. Look after yourself B. Good-bye C. Don‘t get stressed out D. Have a good time there

)12.—Could you help me put up the maps on the wall ? -- _________ .

A No problem B I hope so C That’s all right D That’s a good idea . )13.-What do you think of soap opera ? -- ___ . But my mother likes them . A I like them B I enjoy them C I can’t stand them D I don’t agree

)14.—Would you like to see the film with us tonight , Wang Ming ? — __________ . A Oh , no . That’s too tried B I’ll stay at home

C Yes , please D I’d love to , but I have lots of things to do . )15.—Grace !Can you make an onion pizza ? --______. But my mother can A Sorry , I can’t B No , I can’t C Yes , of course D It’s hard )16.Gina , the light is next to you ,please ______ .

A Open it B Open it up C Turn on it D Turn it on

( )17.--____ go camping this Saturday ?

--That sounds good . Let’s get ready for it .

A What about B Why not C Why don’t D Let’s ( )18.—Can you come to my fourteen birthday party tomorrow , Dave ? -- ________. I’m leaving for Shanghai . I want to see my grandpa . A I’d love to B No , I can’t C Sorry , I can’t D Of course ( )19.—Lucy , thank you for invitation to your party . --__________ .

A Don’t say so B It’s my pleasure

C I’m sorry to hear that D That’s very nice of you ( )20.--________ ? -- It’s Sunday the seventeenth .

A What‘s the time today B What‘s the date today C What‘s today D When‘s today ( )21.—Don’t eat anything in class , Tom . Don’t you remember the class rules ? --Oh , sorry . ________ do it next time .

A I don’t B I can’t C I won’t D I never

词语辨别

Look 强调动作，后面跟宾语时，要用look at And “和、并且”表示并列 See 强调看的结果，“看到、看望” or “或者，还是” 表示选择 Reed 常用于“看书、看报” “和”（用于否定）

Watch 多指“看电视、看比赛” but “但是”表示转择, “除了” Some“一些”。 既可修饰可数名词复数也可修饰不可数的有。用于肯定句中；（但表示请

求或建议，期望得到肯定回答时仍然用some。）

Any “一些，某些”用于否定句疑问句条件句中；

Take “拿走”指从说话人处拿走 Bring “难来，带来”指从别处拿到说话人处

Win → won“赢得”其后一般接比赛、奖品或奖项做宾语。

Beat → beat “击败，战胜”一般接对手作宾语。还有“心脏跳动” Also 也 （句中） sometime 将来某时 Many + 可数名词 Too=as well 也（句末） sometimes 有时 Lots of +可数/不可数名词 =a lot of Either 也 （否定句） some time 一些时间 Much + 不可数名词 some times 多次、多倍

How often “多久一次”提问频率，回答用once a week, every day等 How long “多长时间” （答：for+时间，about,） How far “多远”，询问距离

How soon ―还要多久‖―in+一段时间‖回答，表示将来

How old “几岁”询问年龄 How many 接可数名词复数形式，对可数名词的数量提问

How much 接不可数名词，对不可数名词的数量提问。a cup of milk. two pieces of paper询

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问价钱时，= what's the price of ...

Join 指参加某党派、团体或参军等，并且成为其中的一员。 Take part in 指参加某项活动（比赛）或在活动中负有责任。 Join in 常表示参加某人的活动，用join (sb) in (doing) sth。 Speak 指说某种语言，或者“演讲、发言” Say 强调说的内容 Talk指相互间的谈话，常用talk with/to sb. Tell 侧重指“告诉”，“讲诉” A little “一点”，肯定意义，后接不可数名词 A few “一些”肯定意义，后接可数名词复数 Little “几乎没有”，否定意义，后接不可数名词 few “几乎没有”否定意义，后接可数名词复数 Over “翻越”指越过一段距离或度过一段时间

Across “穿越”指从空间、内部穿过 Through “横越穿过”指从表面走过或从一边到另一边 Arrive “arrive at + 小地点，arrive in +大地点 到达 reach 直接加地点 get to 一般直接加地点，若接表示地点的副词，则省略to Look for “寻找”指寻找的动作和过程。

Find “找到”指寻找的结果，通常指偶然发现。

Find out “查明，发现”指通过观察、调查把事情搞清楚，弄明白。 Because “因为” 用来连接原因状语从句，后跟从句

Because of “因为、由于”在句中作状语，后接名词或名词短语。 Voice ―噪声”，指人说话、唱歌或笑的声音

Sound 指人所能听到的任何声音，常见短语：the sound of … Noise 指“噪音，嘈杂音”

information “信息，消息”是不可数名词，通过学习、观察得到的。 news“消息，新闻”是不可数名词，指报纸、广播中得知的事情。 Message“口信，短信”是可数名词

Happen “发生”一切客观事物或情况的偶然或未能预见的发生。 Take place 指事先计划或预想到的事物的发生。

Agree with sb. 同意某人的观点意见、看法、后接表示人或意见的短语。 Agree to sth. 后接表示提议、办法、 计划、 安排等的词。 Agree on/ about sth. 就某事达成一致意见，关于某事意见一致。 Famous = well - known 著名的； 出名的 Be famous for“因 ? 而著名”，后跟出名的理由。 Be famous as “作为 ? 而出名”， 后跟身份或地位。 Turn on 指打开电器、水龙头等的开关。Turn off Open 指打开门、窗、书本等物品。 close

never(从来，绝不)，表示否定意义

Still“还是，仍然”用于肯定句和疑问句中，强调动作正在进行，用于中间。 Yet “已经，还”一般用于否定句和疑问句中，常在句末，not yet用在答句中。

Already ―已经”一般用于肯定句，常与完成时连用，与过去时连用。常放在实义动词之前， 助／情／be动词之后。

other 常与复数名词或不可数名词连用，但如果前面有the, your等修饰时，也可以与单数名 to one‘s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 in surprise 惊奇地（副词性短语） be surprised at sth 对某事感到惊讶

be surprised to do sth对做某事感到惊讶 ? when 表示“当…时候”，既指时间点，又指一段时间，when 引导的时间状语从

词连用。

the other 指两者中的另一个，常构成one ...,the other ... others 泛指别的人或物（但不是全部），常构成some ... others... The others 特指其余的人或物

another 指三者或三者以上中的另一个

Too much “太多的”后接不可数名词或放在句末 Too many “太多的”后接可数名词复数 Much too“太 ? ”修饰形容词或副词 competition 可指体育方面的“比赛”，也可指书法、朗读、音乐等的“比赛”。 match 指体育运动中的竞技比赛，凡球类比赛都要“match‖ race 常与赛跑联系在一起，指速度方面的竞赛

In front of “在??前面”指某人或某地的范围之外的前面 In the front of “在??前部”指在某一空间内部的前方 Leave for + 地点，“前往某地” Leave + 地点 + for + 地点，“离开某地去某地” Leave + 地点，“离开某地” Leave “把某物遗忘在某地”，一般要接地点；forget“遗忘某”一般不接地点。 Be good for“对 ? 有好处”→ be bad for “对 ? 有害处” Be good at = do well in “擅长；善于”，后跟名词、代词、动名词。 Be good to = be friendly to “对 ? 友好” Be good with “和 ? 相处得好”

Be afraid of sth.害怕某事 Be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事（强调担心发生的结果） Be afraid to do sth 不敢去做某事（强调动作上的不敢） Problem “困难”指有困难、有待解决的问题。 Question “问题”指要求回答的问题。

Person “人”着重指个人方面，是可数名词。

People “人们”指全体方面，是单数形式复数概念。但“民族”时是可数名词。Fast ―快的‖ 强调速度快。She runs so fast.

quickly―快的，迅速地‖ 强调动作快。 He quickly got up and went on running. Soon ― 不久”强调时间上很快。 Please write to me soon.

句中的动词可以是终止性的也可以是延续性的。 ? while 表示“当…时候”，仅指一段时间，从句中的动作必须是延续性的，一般强

调主从句的动作同时发生， while 还可以作并列连词，意为“ 而、却”，表示对比关系。 ? When she arrives, I‘ll call you.

? E.g.: Lisa was singing while her mother was playing piano.

六、小知识点

1. different (不同的) → differently (不同地) → difference (差异) 2. enough“足够的”，放名词前，形/ 副后

3. Wonder (v) 想知道→wonderful (adj.) 精彩的→wonderfully (adv.) 精彩地 4. so ? That “如此?以致”，so 后加接形容词或副词，that 引导从句。so that “以便” 5. by + v-ing (通过某种方式）by use the Internet.

6. die (v) 灭亡，死→dead (adj) 死的 →death(n)死亡→dying (adj) 垂死的，要死的 7. 11 – year – old“11岁的”修饰名词。 11 years old“11岁”做表语

8. Maybe “也许，可能”是副词，放句首。May be “也许是”放主语后，做谓语。 9. Although =though (虽然）和but (但是），不能同时出现在一个句子中。还有because与so也一样。

10. How do you like ....= what do you think of ... 你认为?怎么样

11. Mean(v)意思是?→means(n)方法，工具→meaning(n)意味着→meaningless(adj)毫无意义的

12. Success(n)成就，成功→successful(adj) 成功的，有成就的→succeed(v) 成功 13. Luck(n)运气→lucky(adj)幸运的→luckily(adv)幸运地→unlucky(adj)不幸的

14. own(adj) 放在形容词性物主代词或名词所有格之后。 →owner(主人，拥有者）

Do you think you will have your own robot? Yes, I will./ No, I won‘。 15.take the bus 作谓语by bus 作状语 16. half=fifty percent (50%)

17.cook（做饭） → cook（厨师）→ cooker（厨具） cook sth. for sb. （为某人做饭） 18. Turn on(接通，打开）turnoff(关闭）turn down(调低turn up(调高）（动副词短语，名词作宾语可以放中间也可放后面，代词作宾语一定要放后面。如：turn on the lights, turn them on. 19.How用来提问方式。（First......, Next....., Then...., Finally......,) 20.be angry with sb(对某人生气）be angry at sth(对某事生气）

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