高考英语语法填空解题技巧

高中语法填空解题技巧

一．课前练习

Karl Marx was born ___ May 5th, 1818 in Trier, in the west of German. He entered Bonn University in 1835 and went to a Berlin University ______(go) on with his studies two years ______(late). Because ______ his political work, he ____________(force) to leave his native country. Then ___ moved to Belgium, France and then to London, England. To do his work _______ (good), he worked hard at English, and later he started studying Russian even in his _________ (fifty). In _______ life, he made ____ great contribution to the whole world.

二．三个解题思路

1. 纯空格试题

2. 给出了动词的试题 3. 词类转换题

三．技巧讲解

（一）纯空格试题

1. 名词前是空格 很可能是填限定词

即冠词，形容词性物主代词，名词所有格，基数词，序数词,量词或some, any, other(s), another等；

①Once a year, people win this prize for _____ work in physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, economics, or world peace.

②Finally, there was a sudden pull at the pole and _____ fish was caught.

2. 若两个或几个单词或短语之间是空格 可能是填连词

①Each winner receives a gold medal, a diploma, ____ a sum of money. ②Write down everything you eat ____ drink in a given day.

③Teachers sometimes spend much time talking about students to their parents _____ little time actually talking to students themselves.

④John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct ____ he needed evidence.

3.缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词（多考代词）

①Suddenly the wall moved---______ was made of trees!

②This strategy suggests that teachers have conversations with students to learn about _____.

4.若两句（一个主谓关系算一个句子）之间设空,一定是填连接词

①It’s also a good idea to take notes of emotions related to ____ you eat.

②This was very strange ____ the earth was the centre of the solar system and all planets went round it.

③Teachers should take advantage of the many methods ________ can help them learn about their students.

④Then he returned to Russia to work with his father and mother, _____ worked on explosive weapons.

⑤Many people said he was a bad person __________he invented destructive weapons.

5. 若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词（do, does, did）

①To their credit, the four countries ____ work together in some areas.

②They believed God had made the world and for that reason the earth was special and _____ be the centre of the solar system.

（二）给出了动词的试题

若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态和语态。

若是非谓语动词, 就要确定用Ving形式、Ved形式，还是用不定式形式（to do)

①He got interested in two theories __________ (explain) how cholera killed people. ②He was most famous for __________ (build) weapons of war.

③My eyes ____________(draw) to a package that had a picture of a fridge on it.

④John Snow, a well-known doctor in London, become ________(inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people who _________________ (expose) to cholera. ⑤His parents’ company, ______(call) “Future Tours”, __________ (transport) me safely into the future in a time capsule.

⑥_________ (worry) about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.

（三）词类转换题

1. 作主语、及物动词或介词后宾语 用名词形式

John Snow was able to announce with ___________ (certain).

2. 作表语，定语或补语 通常用形容词形式

①I helped him know he could be ______ (help) to others.

②The students study the effects of ____________ (environment) realities.

3. 在冠词、形容词性物主代词后，或“冠词+形容词”后，用名词形式 ①On December 10, the anniversary of the ______ (die) of Nobel…

②Recognizing what your bad eating habits are is of great ___________ (important) in correcting the behavior.

③This gave him a _________(value) clue about the cause of the disease.

4. 修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式

①______ (sad) the library had moved from its original place into another building. ②By bending or pressing down in your seat, you can move ______ (swift) .

5. 有可能是词义转换题，词类不用变，主要是考察具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-，im-等，在词根后加-less等

①Also the more children young couples have, the _________ (happy) they become.

②Your mistake caused a lot of _____________ (necessary) work in the office.

总结：三个解题步骤：

一、通读全文，了解大意，为下一步填空做好准备。 二、试填空格，先易后难，这是解题的关键。要结合短文所提供的特定的语境（也就是上下文），从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺单词的词性，再根据句子的意义，以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给词的正确形式。 三、重读全文，解决难题，检查答案。所有空格填好后，要把整篇文章从头至尾复读一遍，检查单词拼写，大小写，词的单复数等是否正确。