新视野大学英语第三册完型填空Unit2-Unit8

Unit 2 Jim Fixx had been a heavyJim Fixx had been a heavyJim Fixx had been a heavyJim Fixx had been a heavy smoker and weighed 214 pounds when he took up running in the 1960s. He soon reaped the benefits from running. His weight decreased by 60 pounds by the time his book, The Complete Book Of Running, was published. His book inspired millions of people. In his book and on television talk shows, he extolled the benefits of physical exercise and how it considerably increased the average people’s life expectancy. His readers and audience became more health-conscious. However , to their shock, Fixx died at the age of 52 after his daily run. Many who opposed his beliefs said this was evidence that running was harmful. However, his supporters revealed that the real cause of Fixx’s death was a heart attack. He came from a family where men had poor health stories. His father suffered a heart attack at the age of 35 and died of one at 42. Given Fixx’s unhealthy lifestyle until he took up running, many argued that running added many years to his life.

“Running does have its shortcomings,”acknowledges heart specialist Paul Thomas, in a recent medical journal. “The impact can be hard on your knees. Runners are more at risk during their training, particularly if they run marathons. However, the news for runners isn’t all bad. Evidence suggests in spite of its shortcomings, moderate amount of running exercise can actually result in a longer, improved life.”

Dr.Dale Macdonald, a certified Strength and Conditioning specialist once summed up a discussion by saying, “As with all athletic endeavors, running comes with both great reward and inherent risk. More than 60% of runners will suffer an injury that causes them to take time off running—each year!” He also said that improving one’s balance can reduce the likelihood of injury. Unit 3 Hyde was founded in 1966 to provide education based Hyde was founded in 1966 to provide education based Hyde was founded in 1966 to provide education based Hyde was founded in 1966 to provide education based on character development rather than academic achievement. It is a place where well-to-do families can send their children who have difficulty in other educational environments. Many students are there because their parents believe in the educational theory of character before performance.

Although Hyde is typically categorized as a college preparatory school, the school regards its primary purpose as preparation for life. Hyde helps students learn, embrace, and adopt a character compass that will guide them for the rest of their lives.

Emphasis is placed on performing arts and sports. Hyde believes that one needs to expose themselves to group and community interactions as part of the growth process. Competitive sports are played year round and have led to many championships. There are typical high school classes and academics. Many Advanced Placement courses are available and encouraged. Most students are accepted to four-year colleges and universities.

There are “Group Discovery” sessions several times per week. Students are encouraged to counsel each other when they think another student’s actions or thoughts do not correspond to the school’s philosophy. These sessions focus on the individual students and their current issues and problems faced at the school. Students are encouraged to share intimate secrets, doubts and regrets about themselves and their families. These sessions are extended to parents. The purpose of these sessions is to involve the whole family into the Hyde community social structure. Truth is emphasized over harmony. Students who have difficulty with following the school rules

are assigned to perform maintenance jobs and lawn care for the school. The practice is not solely punitive but also serves to illustrate that the transgressor has separated him/herself from the community by their actions. The idea behind it is to earn acceptance by the group, and work back into the trust of the community. Unit 4

When Henry Ford announced he was going to produceWhen Henry Ford announced he was going to produceWhen Henry Ford announced he was going to produceWhen Henry Ford announced he was going to produce an automobile that would be affordable to the general population, he probably did not realize what a great impact （作用）his achievement would have on life in the United States and, eventually,the world. Ford’s use of mass production strategies to manufacture the Model T started a new era in personal transportation. As a result, roads were built for the sake of cars and the greater mobility of people. With cars and the roads, having a business of one’s own became a lot more feasible. Every type of business sprung up. Customers could easily get to the stores no matter where they were in town, provided there was a road, so businesses no longer had to be located at a town’s center.

And what about the family vacation？ Families packed into their cars and drove across the country to explore the new frontier, stopping at every possible roadside attraction on the way. There was no limit to where you could go and what you could see. The car offered a sense of independence and, as Americans particularly hated to be restricted, they fell in love with the automobile instantly.On average , each American household owns two or more cars. As the world gets more complicated, driving cars around helps people cope with the demands of modern life. If you ask people what qualities define Americans, they will probably say that the two dominating characteristics of an American are inventiveness and independence. America is truly the land of cars and car culture. Unit 5 Aging is natural process.Although medical advancements have come up with ways to cover signs of aging ,there is no stopping the process..during the closing period in the lifespan of human beings,peopil tempt to move away from more ddesirable previous periods,often called for “usefulness”.

Age sixty is usually considered the dividing line between middle and old age. It is the time where you are considered an elderly,mening somewhat old or advanced beyond middle age.period of decline comes partly from physical and partly psychological factors.The physical cause of decline is a change in the body cells due to the effects o the aging process .the psychological cause of decline has something to do with unfavorable attitudes toward oneself ,other people,work and life in general.Senility,a more or less complete physical breakdown,will take place when where is mental disorganization.The individual becomes careless,absent-minded.socially withdrawn,and poorly adjust.

Due to the unfavorable social attitudes toward the elderly,treatment toward them in Amercial,unlike other cultures ,makes them feel no longer useful and unwanted.people who come from countries where respect for the elderly is customary usually treat elder people with more consideration and respect.

In fact,old people are a treasure of experience to society.It is expected that old people will play an increasingly active role in social and community affairs as well as in the business and professional worlds.Because of the reduction in the number of roles the elderly are able to play,it is very likely

that they will develop a feeling of inferiority.it is our duty to make them better realize their value and help them lead a life of comfort. Unit 6

Earthquakes have plagued our lives for as long as people have inhabited the Earth.These dangerous acts of the Earth have resulted in great damage to human beings.

Earthquake damage depends on what area is hit .If an unpopulated region is struck ,there will be low loss of life or property.If it hits a large city which is densely populated,here may be serious injuries and destruction.

Earthquakes have the power to uproot trees and send them crashing into buildings.They can trigger landslides and cause flooding and tsunamis.Buildings and structures are also at risk .It is interesting to note that tall buildings will suffer the least damage if they are located directly at the epicenter .This is because they can withstand the up-and-down motion of P-waves.S-waves, on the other hang,occur far away from the epicenter ,and cause the greatest stress by shaking buildings from side.These buildings are often knocked off their foundations.

Buildings with thick,heavy walls do not resist shock waves very well.Violent earthquakes often cause structures to collapse,burying people underneath.Brick buildings are the most vulnerable .The shaking of the earth is sometimes not the greatest disaster.It is in the subsequent fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs.

Predicting an earthquake until now has almost been technologically impossible.With improvements in technology,lives have been saved and many more will.All that remains is to research what takes place before, during, and after an earthquake .This has been done for years to the point that a successful earthquake prediction is theoretically possible. However, accurate prediction of earthquake may take more years. Unit 7

At the age of 21, Steve Jobs and a friend, Stephen, Stephen Wozniak, built a personal computer called the Apple. The Apple changed people's idea of a computer from a gigantic mass of vacuum tubes only bog business and the government could afford to a small box used by ordinary people. No company has done more to popularize the computer and make it user-friendly than Apple Computer inc. Two years after building the Apple I, Steve Jobs introduced the Apple II. The Apple II was the best buy in personal computers for home and small business throughout the following five years. Steve Jobs was considered a brilliant young man in Silicon Valley, because he saw the future demands of the computer industry. \hardware revolution of the 1970s and the next dramatic change will come from a software revolution,\

Jobs was an orphan adopted by Paul and Clara Jobs in 1955. While still in high school, Jobs attended lectures at the Hewlett-Packard electronics firm. There he was hired as a summer employee and met another employee, Wozniak, who had a(n) passion for inventing electronic devices. In 1972 Jobs graduated from high school and registered at Reed Collage in Portland, Oregon, After dropping out of Reed after one semester, he hung around the campus for a year, taking classes in philosophy. Early in 1974 Jobs took a job designing video games for Atari, Inc. But, he really had his eye on the commercial end of the electronics business and persuaded Wozniak to work with him toward building a personal computer.

They sold everything they had, raising $1,300 to start their new company. With that capital base and credit begged from local electronics supplies, they set up their first production line. Jobs came up with the name of their new company Apple in memory of a happy summer he had spent as an orchard worker in Oregon. Unit 8

Have you ever read science fiction novels about cloning human beings? The main characters in these novels have been cloned, and replaced with creatures that look identical to them. These creatures differ from the originals, though, in that they show no emotion and are not human. They want to take over the earth.

Hollywood has often treated clones as less than human, taking orders from a superior who intends to conquer the Earth. It is no wonder that much of the public has treated news of the first cloned animals with fear comparable to that shown in science fiction films dealing with cloning. But what is it that we fear specifically? Are we afraid that we are going to be replaced by monsters? Such is our fear that legislation in Congress has been proposed to prohibit cloning and all research on it. Some Senators claim that the people working on these projects are like mad scientists from the movies. But, we need to take a step back and evaluate the benefits of cloning, and not simply discriminate based on prior information given to us in films. A clone of any species should develop like it would in nature: Cells split and multiply while the genetic code remains intact. There is nothing to suggest that a clone of a human would be anything less than human.