美国文学史及作品选读习题集(4)

10. Envy is ignorance; imitation is suicide. Let us advance and advance on Chaos and the Dark. Truth is handsomer than the affection of love. To be great is to be misunderstood. Welcome evermore to gods and men is the self-helping man. For him all doors are flung wide.

11. Deathlike, strange, dread, fear, terrible, frightened, shudder, tremor, quake, quiver, tremulous, shiver, shrink, etc.

12. Each member of the congregation, the most innocent girl, and the man of hardened breast, felt as if the preacher had crept upon them, behind his awful veil, and discovered their hoarded iniquity of deed or thought.

13. Maybe he suffers from his own actions; maybe he suffers from the religion. The black veil symbolizes the wickedness of man.

14. Both writers belong to American Romanticism. Both focus on imagination and introspection in one‘s lie. However, Hawthorne believes in the original sin of man of Calvinism, while Emerson believes in the divinity of man, which belongs to transcendentalism. 15. Open.

16. Line 1: weak and weary (Alliteration) Line 7: morrow; borrow (Internal rhyme)

Line 10: silken; uncertain; curtain (Assonance) 17. In the next-to-the-last stanza: jocularity In the last stanza: despair

18. To show us the power of death and to reflect a basic anapestic rhythm.

19. A sense of melancholy over the death of a beloved beautiful young woman pervades the whole poem, the portrayal of a young man grieving for his lost Lenore, his grief turned to madness under the steady one-word repetition of the talking bird.

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