推荐K12学习2018年高考英语一轮复习语法专题定语从句复习讲含解析新人教版必修2

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【解析】此题形式上好像只是考查主谓一致和时态的运用，实际上关键是确定先行词。代词one前是否有定冠词决定定语从句中的谓语动词的单复数形式，one of the students中的先行词是the students，定语从句的谓语动词要用复数形式；但此处the only one of the students中的先行词是the only one，所以定语从句中的谓语动词要用单数形式。而且句中因为有状语for three years，要用现在完成时，所以综合判断后答案是D。

【例】 Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, ________I will always treasure.

A. that B.one C.it D. what 【答案】B

二、要点点拨

在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系代词或关系副词，关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as，关系副词有when, where, why。 一、关系词的基本用法

who 指人，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语 关whom 指人，在从句中作宾语 系代whose 指人或物，在从句中作定语 词

that 指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语

which 指物，在从句中作主语或宾语 as 指人、物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语 关

系when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语 副

词 where 指地点，在从句中作地点状语

why 指原因，在从句中作原因状语

（1）The man (whom /who/that) my mother saw in the street is my teacher. （2）The book which/ that tells us about the earth is interesting. （3）She lives in a house whose windows faces south. （4）Do you know the boy whose father is an English teacher? （5）I have never heard such stories as he tells. 试卷+教案+习题

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（6）I’ll never forget the day when /on which I joined the army. （7）I won’t forget the factory where / in which my father worked. （8）Tell me the reason why you came late. 二、必须用“that”引导的定语从句

1、当先行词是不定代词all，little, few, much, anything , everything, none, nothing, no one, some

等时。

He did everything that he could to help us.

2、先行词被all, every, no , some, any , little, much, the only, the very, the right, last , few ,

just 等修饰时。

The only thing that we can do is to give you some advice.

3、先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，或先行词本身就是序数词或形容词最高级时。

This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen.

4、当先行时前有such 或the same修饰时，先行词和关系代词指同一物时。

She is wearing the same dress that she wore yesterday. 5、先行词既有人又有物时，

Later they talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school. 6、当主句是以who或which开始时的特殊疑问句时，

Who is the boy that won the gold medal?

7、在同一个句子里，若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系词已用了which， 另一个宜用that.

Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before. 8、当关系代词在从句中作表语时。（只限于限制性定语从句中）

China is no longer the country that it used to be. 9、当先行词是集体名词时，多用that，

He wants to join the team that won the game. 10、that在有些句型中可作为关系副词，且可省略。

I don’t like the way (that) he talks to me. 三、只用which不用that时情况

1、引导非限制性定语从句时：Bruce went toward the fire, which was still smoking. 2、先行词在从句中作介词的宾语且介词前置。 试卷+教案+习题

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This is the house in which Lu Xun lived.

3、先行词本身是that时：What’s that which flashed in the sky just now? 4、先行词后有插入语时，

Here is the English grammar book which, as I’ve told you, will help improve your English. 5、which 用作表语，指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有某种特性、品质或才能的人。

He is an engineer, which I am not。

关系代as：在限制性定语从句中用在such, the same, as, so之后，as引导的定语从句常采用省略形式。

I have the same book as you（have）.

Take as many as you want.

This is such a book as was given to me.

Here is so big a stone as no man can lift. 四、关系代词的省略情况 1、关系代在从句中作宾语时。

Have you received the book (that) I sent you last week? 2、关系代词在从句中作表语时。

Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be. 3、关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语，而这个介词又在句末时。

This is the artist (whom) I spoke to you about.

注意：关系代词的省略是指在限制性定语从句中，在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词不能省略。 五、带介词的定语从句

1、固定词组，介词置于后，关系代词使用灵活。

This is the child (whom / who/ that) she is looking after. 2、非固定词组，介词位置灵活，关系代词使用严格。

The man (whom/ who/ that) I spoke to is a friend of mine. The man to whom I spoke is a friend of mine. 3、介词词组（关系代词远离先行词）

In front of, on top of ,at the foot of, with the help of, as a result of. We stand in a building in front of which stands a lab. We arrived at a hill, on top of which stood a tower. 4、代词/数词+of +关系代词

He has written many books, most of which are for children. 试卷+教案+习题

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We have many students, two of whom have won prizes of international competitions. 5、介词+关系代词+代词/数词：He has written many books, of which most are in Chinese. 6、介词+whose 修饰后面的名词：He is the very man in whose pocket I found my lost money. 六、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

限制性定语从句对先行词起限制确定作用。如果没有它，主句的意思就不完整，这种定语从句和主句的关系十分密切，不可用逗号隔开，在口语中前后没有停顿。

He is the man whose father died last week. That is the reason why I didn’t open the door.

非限制性定语从句与主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词起描述或补充说明的作用，省略后也不影响全句的意思，非限制性定语从句可以修饰名词、代词、短语、主句的一部分或全句，它和主句之间常用逗号隔开，朗读时前后有停顿。

I live in Beijing where my parents worked ten years ago. His sister, who works in WuHan, is coming to see him tomorrow. 七、as 引导非限制性定语从句与which 的区别

1、用于非限制性定语从句时，可以指代整个主句的内容，as 和which 可以换用。

He left her, as/ which was strange.

2、as 引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，从句可置于句首，句中和句尾。

As everyone knows, Tom is good at English. The earth, as we know, moves round the sun. 3、非限制性定语从句中谓语为被动时，常用as 作主语。

as is said/ known/ announced/ reported/ mentioned/ expected/ disused等。 As is known to all, Taiwan is part of China.

4、as引导非限制性定语从句，有“正如”的含义，因此，下列句式中多用as:

as has been said above (it) appears

Things are not always as they appear.

5、which 引导非限制定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，从句只能置于句尾。

The decision was postponed, which was exactly what he wanted.

6、which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句中的一个词（先行词）从句置于先行词后，可在句中或句尾。 试卷+教案+习题

as anybody can see

as we had expected

as