大学英语词汇与语法练习6：定语从句专项练习题—答案及解析

大学英语词汇与语法 1

练习6：定语从句专项练习题——答案及解析

I. 定语的形式（注意，不止一种译法）

请把下列短语译为英语，翻译时请注意下划线部分的形式。 1. 迅速发展的经济 2. 网上订购的商品

3. 极具竞争力的价格

rapidly-developing economy the goods bought online a very competitive price

the art form most closely related to China the various factors that led to this accident the country with the largest population children with good grades

a famous tourism destination in South China an opportunity to better practice spoken English the cultural communication between China and

4. 和中国联系最为密切的艺术形式 5. 造成这次事故的各种因素 6. 人口最多的国家 7. 成绩好的孩子

8. 中国南方地区著名的旅游目的地 9. 能更好地练习英语口语的机会 10. 中国与世界其他国家的文化交流 other countries

11. 从美国引进的生产设备 12.专家强烈建议的措施

the equipment introduced from the U.S.

the measures the experts strongly recommended

II. 关系代词和关系副词

A. 在以下空中填入恰当的关系代词或关系副词，是该句完整。

1. He asked for the latest book that there is on the subject. （先行词前有最高级修饰） 2. This monument is all that remains of the ancient city. （先行词前有all修饰）

3. The book (that/which) you are speaking of is unavailable. （先行词在从句中做宾语，也可以省略关系代词）

4. I know a wood where/in which you can find wild strawberries. 5. Is there any reason why you should have a holiday? 6. I know someone else whose father works here.

7. All that glitters is not gold. （先行词前有all修饰）

8. Can you suggest a time when it will be convenient to meet?

9. We had a meeting, the purpose of which was completely unclear.

10. We’ve tested three hundred types of raincoat, none of which is completely waterproof. 11. He was a man whom all his friends admired and who won the respect even of his enemies. 12. Mr. White is the only dealer (that) I know who gives good prices.

B. 在以下空中填入恰当的“介词+关系代词”，使该句子完整。 1. The picture, for which he paid $1,000, was once owned by a duke. 2. I am grateful to him for that advice, to which I owe all my success. 解析：owe sth. to sb./sth.表示“把??归功于??”。 3. The Tower of London, about which a lecture is to be given tomorrow, was one of the

大学英语词汇与语法 2

4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

world’s historic buildings.

解析：该句意思为“伦敦塔，明天会有一场关于它的讲座，这是世界历史建筑之一。” We can now see in a very general way the method by which the computer works. This depends on the purpose for which the material is used.

Geometry, about which I know nothing, seems a very dull subject. She’s married to a physicist of whom you may have heard.

They tried to think of a plan by which they could fulfil their task ahead of time.

III. 定语从句选择题

1. All of the plants now raised on farms have been developed from plants _______ wild. A. once they grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. grew once 答案：C

解析：句子含义为“现在种植在农场里的各种植物都是由过去一度野生的植物培育而来的。”

2. Author Edith Wharton thoroughly understood the society ________________. A. she had grown up B. she had grown up in C. that had she grown up in D. in which she had grown up 答案：D

解析：句子含义为“作家沃顿非常了解她从小到大生活的这个社会。”

3. A solar day is the length of time __________ the Earth to revolve once around the sun. A. takes B. takes it C. it takes D. he takes 答案：C

解析：句子含义为“日周期就是地球围绕太阳一周的时间长度。”该句省略了关系代词that，先行词time在从句中做宾语，还原从句应为it takes the Earth…(time) to revolve once around the sun（字面意思：需要花地球多少时间去围绕太阳转一次）。

4. We saw a film at the Jilim Cinema last night, _____________ we had supper at a nearby restaurant. A. when B. which after C. after which D. and that after 答案：C

解析：句子含义为“我们昨晚在Jilim电影院看电影，在此之后我们在附近的一家餐馆吃晚饭。”该句中关系代词which指代的是前面的整个句子。

5. The scholar has made another breakthrough in this field, __________ of great importance to the progress of science and technology. A. I think which is B. which I think it is C. which I think is D. about which I think it is 答案：C

解析：句子含义为“这位学者在该领域又取得了突破，这在我看来是对科技发展极为重要的。”该句中关系代词which指代的是前面的整个句子。I think是插入语，不影响整个句子的结构，也就是…, which (I think) is of great importance …。答题时把I think拿走会更容易理解。

6. There is no rule ________ has exceptions. A. that B. but C. what D. which 答案：B

大学英语词汇与语法 3

解析：句子含义为“没有无例外的规则（凡是规则都有例外）。”

but作为关系代词也可以引导定语从句，同具有否定意义的主句连用，其先行词可以是人、事、物。but在意义上等于that …not, which…not, who…not，只用于限定性定语从句。“There is no rule but has exceptions.”意思相当于“There is no rule that does not have exceptions.”

说明：but的这一用法大家了解即可，只需记住but往往表示否定意义。

7. _________ is often the case with a new idea, much preliminary activity and optimistic discussion produce no concrete proposals. A. That B. It C. What D. As 答案：D

解析：句子含义为“正如对一个新的想法通常的做法那样，大量的前期活动和乐观的讨论没有产生任何实际建议。”

这是as作为关系代词引导的定语从句。在非限定性定语从句中，as代替整个主句。As引导的定语从句位置灵活，可以在主句前、中或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开，通常理解为“（正）如??一样”。例如：As is reported, the president will visit the city.（正如报道的那样，该总统将访问这个城市。）She became angry, as many could see. (她生气了，正像很多人看到的那样。)

8. With the introduction of the electronic computer, there is no complicated problem _____ can be solved in a few hours. A. that B. which C. but D. what 答案：C

解析：句子含义为“随着电子计算机的引入，没有一个复杂的问题不能在几小时内解决了（任何复杂的问题都能在几小时内解决。”

这是but作为关系代词引导的定语从句，表示否定意义，参考第6题的解析。这句话相当于…, there is no complicated problem that can not be solved in a few hours. 9. The reason ______ he rejected our plan is that he had no faith in us. A. that B. why C. because D. which 答案：B

解析：句子含义为“他拒绝接受我们的计划的原因是他对我们没有信心。” 先行词为reason, 在从句中做原因状语，用why引导该定语从句。 10. Do you think the reason _______ he gave is believable? A. for which B. which C. what D. to which 答案：B

解析：句子含义为“你觉得他给出的理由可信吗？” 先行词为reason, 但reason在定语从句中是做gave的宾语，前后关系为he gave the reason，因此该定语从句用that或which引导，不用why。

11. He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, ___________ his father had expected.

A. that was what B. what was that C. which was what D. and which was 答案：C

解析：句子含义为“他努力学习，后来成为著名作家，这是他父亲所期盼的。”

这是多重从句，which指代前面整个主句，从句中包含一个由what引起的从句，该从句在定语从句中充当系表结构中的表语，换言之，… was what his father had expected。

大学英语词汇与语法 4

12. He seemed to be a very important person _________. A. the way through which he walked B. in the way how he walked C. in the way he would walk D. the way he walked 答案：D

解析：句子含义为“从他走路的方式看他像是一个大人物。”

该题涉及way做先行词时从句的结构。A中介词through是不和way（方式）搭配使用的，way只和in搭配。B中in the way和how同时出现，这是错误的，二者只能选用一个，不能使用，how不能引导定语从句。C中时态有误，would walk，那该动作还没有做，如何能判断他是大人物？只有D正确，D选项中省略了一些可以省略的部分，完整的结构应该是：…(by) the way in which he walked/ the way that he walked。 13. The manager is satisfied with ________ you’ve done. A. that B. all what C. which D. all that 答案：D

解析：句子含义为“经理对你所做的一切感到满意。” 该定语从句的先行词是all，关系代词只能是that。 14. You can write the paper _________ you like. A. whatever B. however C. any way D. some way 答案：C

解析：句子含义为“你可以以自己喜欢的任何方式来写这篇文章。”

该句包含定语从句 …(in) any way (that) you like，介词in和关系代词that被省略了。实际上way做先行词时，关系代词通常会省略。当way前面有限定词（如this, that, any, some等等）时，之前的介词in也常常省略。

15. It was in this wood _________ the enemy spy was caught and killed. A. where B. in which C. that D. how 答案：C

解析：句子含义为“这就是地方间谍被抓获并行刑的那个树林。” 该句不是定语从句，因此不能选择where，同时，wood前面已经有介词in了，再选where就不符合语法规则。该句为强调句，原句为In this wood the enemy spy was caught and killed, 原句中的地点状语in this wood被拿出来加以强调，剩下的句子成分不变，都放在that后面。强调句中，当强调的内容是事或物而不是人时。一律用that衔接。 16. This is the girl _______ has been highly praised. A. of whom the painting B. the painting of whose C. who painting D. whose painting 答案：D

解析：句子含义为“这就是其画作受到高度赞扬的那个女孩。”

该句为定语从句，但是先行词girl在从句中是做定语，修饰painting，相当于the girl’s painting的所有格关系，先行词在从句中做定语，其关系代词只能是whose。 17. You may depend upon it _______ your son will be taken good care of here. A. when B. which C. how D. that 答案：D

解析：句子含义为“你可以对此放心，你儿子在这里会得到良好的照顾。”

该句不是定语从句，因为空格前的it在从句中没有位置，不是从句中的任何成分，因此不可能是定语从句的先行词。空格后的句子表达了完整的意思，不缺成分。根据句子含义，可以断定it是形式宾语，that引起真正的宾语。