2014年文体学试卷

湖南科技学院二○一 四 年 下 学期期末考试

英语 专业 2012 年级 英语文体学 试题

考试类型：开卷 试卷类型：A卷 考试时量：120 分钟 出卷人：唐建福 题号 I II III IV V 总分 统分人 得分 阅卷人 复查人 I．Fill in the following blanks. (2′×10=20′) 1. Style can defined as the ⑴linguistic habit of different people or characteristic of typical social situations.

2. Stylistics may be defined as the study of or the investigation of ⑵style. 3. Phoneme is the smallest ⑶sound unit in a specific language capable of semantic distinction.

4. Dialect is a subtype of language which may be determined by ⑷geographical locality or particular social groupings.

5. The three factors of register are ⑸field, tenor, and mode. 6. General stylistics is chiefly concerned with the investigation of the ⑹linguistic features of all kinds of language use.

7. A sentence made up of two or more simple sentences, joined together by conjunctions or punctuations is a ⑺compound sentence. 8. Pause can be divided into voiced pause and ⑻silent pause. 9. The rise-fall pitch is employed to give people a sincere praise or to show the feeling of ⑼shock.

10. The fall-rise pitch is used to give people some encouragement or give people a ⑽warning. 11. The rising pitch is employed to show the meaning of indefiniteness, uncertainty and ⑾incompleteness. 12. The falling pitch is used to show the meaning of definiteness, certainty and ⑿completeness. 13. There are ⒀5 pitches in phonetics. 14. With ⒁consultative style people usually offer some background information. It is usually employed in business activities.

15. To attract readers’ ⒂attention is one of the functions of English advertisements. 16. The relationship between irony and humor is that irony is a language means while humor is an ⒃effect.

17. People usually use casual style between friends, acquaintances, or insiders. Its main

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feature is that people usually employ ellipsis, ⒄slangs or cants with it. 18. Stress, ⒅intonation, pause, and voice quality are the 4 phonetic means in English. 19.

II．Multiple-choice (Attention: there is only one or more than one choice to

one question). (2′×10=20′)

1. The smallest unit in a language that carries meaning is . A. pheme B. morpheme C. phone D. word

2. What figure of speech has been used in “the young hunter was as strong as a lion”? A. metaphor B. metonymy C. synecdoche D. simile 3. Which of the following are the types of change of meaning of English words? A. extension B. specialization C. degradation D. elevation (ABCD) 4. What are the basic components of the English vocabulary. (ACD) A. Anglo-Saxon B. Greek C. Latin D. French 5. Stylistics is the study or the investigation of style. A. yes B. no

6. What figure of speech has been used in “many hands make light work”? A. irony B. overstatement C. synecdoche D. oxymoron 7. Which of the following originate from Anglo-Saxon? (AB)

A. members of the family B. time C. law D. science 8. What are the functions of inverted sentence? (BCD)

A. For effect B. For emphasis C. For balance D. For cohesion and conjunction 9. What are the levels of stylistic analysis? (ABCD)

A. Phonological level B. Lexical level D. Syntactic level D. Discoursal level 10. What are the grammatical functions of stress? (ABCD) A. Emphasize a certain word or meaning.

B. Distinguish words, phrases, same spelling, different meaning. C. Change of stress in words causes change of phonemes D. Means of expressing strong emotions.

1. What is the methodology of stylistic analysis? (A) A. linguistic analysis B. discourse analysis

2. What are the stylistic functions of syntactic deviations in literature? (ABCD) A. As a marker of one’s social background B. As a means of characterization C. Social position

D. Irony, satire, emphasis, comical effects

3. Structurally speaking, sentences may classified into: (ACD) A. Simple sentence B. Exclamatory sentence C. Compound sentence D. Complex sentence

4. What are the differences between language and speech? (ABCD) A. Language is abstract whereas speech is concrete. B. Language is potential whereas speech is actual.

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C. Language is code whereas speech is message.

D. Language is stable and systematic whereas speech is subject to personal and situational constraint.

5. Functionally speaking, what types do English sentences have? (ABCD)

A. Declarative B. Interrogative C. Exclamatory D. Imperative 6. What are the gestures that may be used in a casual conversation? (ABCD) A. Facial expressions B. eye-contact C. environment D. clothing

7. Five styles were advanced by Martin Joos in the book “The Five Clocks”. And they are:

(BD)

A. strict style B. frozen style C. polite style D. casual style

8. The differences between oral communication and written communication are: (ABC) A. Use some gestures ( body language ) in oral communication

B. Use a statement as a question in oral communication C. Use some pure oral words in oral communication D. Use some characters in written communication

9. Stress has several apparent stylistic and grammatical functions. And they are: (ABCD)

A. The first function is for emphasis.

B. The second function is to change the meaning or the part of speech of some words, or both.

C. The third function is to differ some English words

D. The fourth function is to show someone’s surprise, anger, fear, doubt, pleasure, etc.

10. How do we express ourselves in a proper way? Several factors do work. And they are:

(ABCD) A. Phonetics B. Vocabulary C. Grammar

D. Some knowledge concerning English stylistics

III．Please judge whether the following statements are true or false. (Attention: if it is true, please mark T; otherwise, F)(1′×10=10′)

1. Euphemism is a kind of mild expression for an offensive or harsh one. (√)

2. Content is the style that may be different from case to case although the meaning may remain the same. (х)

3. Exophora is an item that refers to something in another text. (х)

4. Simply speaking, registers refer to languages which are determined by situation. (√) 5. In this example: “Is this a non-smoker? I don’t know”, there is a Verbal ellipsis. (х) 6. Rhetorical question is a question which does not need an answer or the answer is obvious. (√)

7. Contrastive conjunction is achieved by the use of conjunctive words of addition or progression, such as and, furthermore, moreover, etc. (х)

8. A not-text is a group of sentences that are typically or logically linked together. This kind of linkage is called cohesion. So cohesion is the quality that makes a text a text.

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(х)

9. Tenor of discourse is the social relationships between the participants in the communication. (√)

10. The compositions written by a class of middle school students can be called different

styles? (х)

1. Syllable refers to a vowel sound either with or without a consonant or consonants in

clusters. (√)

2. Lexical analysis is chiefly concerned about how the words in a text are put together to

produce meaning and other kinds of message. (х)

3. Syntactical analysis is chiefly concerned about how sentences are joined together to

produce a cohesive and coherent text. (х)

4. Taboo refers to words forbidden to be used in public because of their being dirty or

offensive. (√)

5. Technical words refer to those words used in special professions. (√)

6. Loose sentence is one that is not grammatically complete until the end is reached. (х) 7. Parallelism is a rhetorical device in which identical words are used but not necessarily in identical position. (х)

8. Repetition is a rhetorical device in which two or more than two similar syntactic

structures with different words are placed side by side. (х) 9. Pause can be divided into structural pause and emotive pause. (√)

10. Intimate style is usually used between husband and wife. Moreover it is employed in

jargons sometimes. (√)

IV．Analyze the following passage. (Attention: please give the definition of this kind of sentence structure, its characteristics and its stylistic effects) (12%)

V．Indicate what kind of figures of speech is used in the following examples. (2′×10=20′)

1. ——Where have you been for the last four years? ——At college taking medicine. ——And did you get well? (pun)

2. Life is but a brief candle. (metaphor) 3. From the cradle to the grave (metonymy) 4. Many hands make light work. (synecdoche) 5. She’s as old as a mountain. (hyperbole) 6. ——What weather do the mice dislike? ——When it rains cats and dogs. (pun)

7. He is a fool. He never knows where his personal interest lies. His whole heart is concerned about the interest of other people. (irony)

8. Belinda smiled, and all the world was gay. (overstatement/hyperbole)

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