(完整word版)外研社一起小学英语二年级下语法总结及练习题

二年级下语法

一般现在时

一、 功能：

1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。 如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。

2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。 如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。 如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 二、 构成：

1. be动词：主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

注意：（我用am，你用are，三单is，复数are。）

肯定句：主语+be+其它。 如：He is a worker. 他是工人。 否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。 如 He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。(be动词移到句首)，如：Is he a worker？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。Where is your bike?

2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。

注意：（当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加\或\。

如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。）

肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它) 。如：I like bread.

否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread.

当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。 如：He ofter plays football. He doesn't often play football.

一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。（句首加助动词do, does）

如： Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。

如： - Does she go to school by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does she go to school? 三、 动词+s的变化规则

1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks

2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies 四、 一般现在现在时常见时间状语

Always usually, often, sometimes, every week (day,year,month)

练习题

用am, is, are 填空

1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not. 2. The girl______ Jack's sister. 3. The dog _______ tall and fat.

4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher. 5. ______ your brother in the classroom?

6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home. 7. How _______ your father?

8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school. 9. Whose dress ______ this? 10. Whose socks ______ they? 11. That ______ my red skirt.

12. Who ______ I?

13.The jeans ______ on the desk. 14.Here ______ a scarf for you.

15. Here ______ some sweaters for you. 16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang. 17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling. 18. The two cups of milk _____ for me. 19. Some tea ______ in the glass.

20. Gao Shan's shirt _______ over there.

用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

1. He often ________(have) dinner at home. 2. David and Tom _______(be) in Class One. 3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.

4. Mike _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?

6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?

7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.

9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle. 按照要求改写句子

1. David watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)

___________________________________________________ 2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)

________________________________________________________ ____________________________

3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)

_______________________________________________________ ____________________________

4. Helen likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ________________________________________________________ ____________________________________ 5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)

_______________________________________________________ 6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)

___________________________________________________ 7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)

________________________________________________________ 8. Jim comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)

___________________________________________________ 9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)

________________________________________________________ ________________________________

10. Tom and David like going skating.(改为否定句)

___________________________________________________

改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)

1. Is your brother speak English? __________________

2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________ 3. He likes play games after class. __________________ 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________ 5. She don't do her homework on Sundays. _________________

一般现在时翻译练习 1.我们每天七点钟上学。

We _______ ________ _________ at seven o’clock _________ ________. 2.教室有一些学生。

There _______ ________ _________ in the classroom. 3.我们非常喜欢英语。

We _______ English _______ _______. 4.他常常步行去上学。

He usually _______ _______ _______ _______ _______. 5.他努力学习英语。

He ________ ________ hard. 6.他不在家里做作业。

He ________ _______ _______ _________ at home. 7.我们星期天不去学。

We _______ _______ _______ _______ on Sundays. 8.他经常十点钟睡觉。

He often _______ _______ _______ _______ ______ . 9.有时我五点钟起床。

Sometimes, I _______ _______ _______ _______. 10.他们早上七点钟去上学。

They _______ _______ _______ at seven _______ ________ _________.

现在进行时

一、概念

表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情．往往与 now, at the moment, just 等副词连用,以示强调．如 We are waiting for you. What are you doing? Some one’s knocking at the door． 结构：助动词 be ( am / is / are ) +现在分词.

二、 现在分词的构成：

1.大多数动词后可在动词后直接加-ing．

如: carry-carrying,catch-catching,drink-drinking, enjoy-enjoying hurry-hurrying ,do-doing , read-reading , 2. 如果动词以-e结尾,则去掉-e,再加-ing,

如come-coming , have-having , make-making,ride-riding,write-writing,take-taking,use-using． 3. 如果动词只有一个元音字母,而其后跟有一个辅音字母时,将此辅音字母双写,再加-ing 如： hit-hitting,let-letting, put-putting,run-running,sit-sitting．

三、句型结构：

1.现在进行时的肯定形式、否定形式、疑问形式及其回答,所有变化都体现在助动词 be ( is / am / are ) 上． 1)现在进行时的肯定形式：主语+be(am/ is/are)+doing+其他成分 I am singing . They are writing .

2)现在进行时的否定形式:主语+be(am/ is/are)+not +doing+其他成分 I am not singing . They aren’t writing .

3）一般疑问句及回答：be(am/ is/are)+ 主语+doing+其他成分 Am I singing ? Yes ,you are . / No ,you aren’t . Are they writing ? Yes ,they are . / No ,they aren’t .

4)特殊疑问句及回答:特殊疑问词+be(am/ is/are)+主语+doing+其他成分 What are you doing ? We are playing (要求就提问内容具体回答). 2. 缩写形式如下:

I am---I’m You are---You’re He is---He’s She is---She’s It is---It’s We are---We’re They are---They’re 3.说明: 不是所有动词都能用现在进行时态的,如：

see、like、want、know 等动词往往都不用进行时态．

练习题

I_____ _______ (fly) a kite now. He_____ ________(read) a book now. Look, she_____ _________(swim). Listen, the girls _____ ______(sing)a song.

What are they doing? They _____ _______(make)a kite. Some birds ______ _____________(fly)in the sky. My friend ______ ______(listen) music now.