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taking the pictures．
C.Some 10，000 people are already testing a prototype of Google Glass，a miniature computer worn like eveglasses．It aims to have all the functions of a smartphone in a device put on a person’s nose.Its flexible frame holds both a camera and a tiny screen，and makes it easy for users to take photos，send messages and search for things online．
D.Glass may fail，but a wider revolution is under way．In Russia，where insurance fraud is commonly seen，at least l million cars already have cameras on their dashboards(仪表盘.that film the road ahead．Police forces in America are starting to issue officers with video cameras，pinned to their uniforms，which record their
interactions with the public．Collar—cams help anxious cat—lovers watch their wandering pets carefully. Paparazzi(狗仔队.have started to use drones to photograph celebrities in their gardens or on yachts. Hobbyists are even devising clever ways to get cameras into space．
E.Ubiquitous recording can already do a lot of good．Some patients with brain injuries have been given cameras：looking back at images can help them recover their memories．Dash—cams can help resolve insurance claims and encourage people to drive better．Police—cams can discourage criminals from making groundless complaints against police officers and officers from abusing criminals．A British soldier has just been convicted of murdering a wounded Afghan because the act was captured by a colleague’s helmet—camera. Videos showing the line of sight of experienced surgeons and engineers can help train their successors and be used in liability disputes．Lenses linked to computers are reading street—sign sand product labels to partially sighted people．
F.Optimists see broader benefits ahead．Plenty of people carry activity trackers，worn on the wrist or placed in a pocket，to monitor their exercise or sleep patterns；cameras could do the job more effectively，perhaps also spying on their wearers’diets．“Personal black boxes’’might be able to transmit pictures if their owner falls victim to an accident or crime．Tiny cameras trained to recognise faces could become personal digital assistants，making conversations as searchable as documents and e—mails．Already a small band of“life. logger(生活记录器）stored years off ootage(镜头.into databases of“e—memories”．
G.Not everybody will be thrilled by these prospects．A perfect digital memory would probably be a pain, preserving unhappy events as well as cherished ones．Suspicious spouses and employers might feel entitled to review it．
H.The bigger worry is for those in front of the cameras，not behind them．School bullies already use illegal snaps from mobile phones to embarrass their victims．The web is full of secret photos of women，snapped in public places．Wearable cameras will make such immoral photography easier．And the huge，looming issue is the growing sophistication of face-recognition technologies，which are starting to enable businesses and governments to get information about individuals by searching the billions of images online．The combination of cameras everywhere---in bars，on streets，in offices,on people’s heads--with the algorithms(算法.run by social networks and other service providers that process stored and published images is a powerful and alarming one．We may not be far from a world in which your movements could be tracked all the time．where a stranger walking down the street can immediately identify exactly who you are．
I.Well,we still strongly held beliefs that technological progress should generally be welcomed．not feared runs up against an even deeper impulse，in favour of liberty．Freedom has to include some
fight to privacy：if every move you make is being recorded，liberty is limited．
J.One option is to ban devices that seem annoying．The use of dashboard cameras is forbidden in Austria. Drivers who film the road can face a �10，000($13，400.fine．But banning devices deprives people of their benefits．Society would do better to develop rules about where and how these technologies can be used,just as it learned to cope with the Kodak fiends．
K. For the moment，companies are behaving in a cautious way．Google has banned the use of face—recognition in apps on Glass and its camera is designed to film only in short bursts．Japanese digital camera．makers ensure their products emit a shutter sound every time a picture is taken．Existing laws to control stalking of harassment can be extended to deal with peeping drones．
L.Still，as cameras become smaller，more powerful and ubiquitous，new laws may be needed to Dreserve liberty. Governments should be granted the right to use face—recognition technology only where there is a clear public good(identifying a bank robber for instance.．When the would．be identifiers are companies or strangers in the street，the starting—point should be that you have the right not to have your identity automatically revealed．The principle is the same as for personal data．Just as Facebook and Google should be forced to establish high default settings(默认系统设置.for privacy(which can be reduced at the user's request.，the new cameras and recognition technologies should be regulated so as to let you decide whether you remain anonymous(匿名的.or not．
M.Silicon Valley emphasises the liberating power of technology--and it is often fight．But the freedom that a small device gives one person can sometimes take away liberty from another．Liberal politicians have been lazy about defending the idea of personal space，especially online．The fight should start now．Otherwise．in the blink of an eye，privacy could be gone．
37[单选题] Google Glass has a flexible frame which carries both a camera and a tiny screen． A B C D E F G H I J K L M
参考答案：C
参考解析：【参考译文】 被记录的世界
随着摄像机变得无处不在，而且能够识别人脸，我们需要采取更多措施来保护隐私。 A.[39]在l890年，一份报纸宣称：‘‘这个季节，海边出现了一种比鲨鱼还互怕的东西，那就是业余摄影师。”l9世纪手持摄像机的发明震惊了整个社会，“柯达狂人”横扫海滩，朝正在晒阳光浴的人狂拍。
B.一个多世纪后，业余摄影再次成为一个令人困扰的问题。富裕国家的公民已经习惯了被用于监控道路和城市的闭路摄像机拍摄。[41]但随着摄像机变得更为小巧，而且存储数据的成本骤降，它逐渐被用于个人拍摄。
C.大约有一万人已经对谷歌眼镜的原型——一款可以像眼镜一样佩戴的微型计算机——进行了测试。它旨在打造一台可以架在人们的鼻子上，并且拥有智能手机所有功能的设备。[36]它的框架非常灵活，上面配有一个摄像头和一块小屏幕，这使得用户可以轻松地拍照、发送信息和进行在线搜索.
D.谷歌眼镜或许会失败，但一场更广泛的革命正在展开。在保险欺诈盛行的俄罗斯，至少有100万辆汽车的仪表盘上已经安装了用于拍摄前方道路的摄像头。美国警察局开始向警察发放别在制服上的摄像机．用于记录他们与公众的互动。衣领摄像机帮助焦虑的爱猫人士监视其闲逛的宠物。狗仔队已经开始使用无人机来拍摄在自家花园或游艇上的名人们。摄像爱好
者们甚至正在设计巧妙的方法将摄像机送入太空进行拍摄。
E.无处不在的记录拍摄带来了很多好处。一些脑部受伤的病人已经使用摄像机进行治疗：回顾过去的影像可以帮助他们恢复记忆。行车记录仪可以帮助解决保险索赔问题，并鼓励人们更安全地驾驶。警用摄像机可以阻止犯人凭空投诉警察，也可以防止警察虐待犯人。[37]一名英国士兵最近被判谋杀一名受了伤的阿富汗人，因为其行为被其同事头盔上的摄像机拍了下来。显示资深外科医生和工程师视线所及之处的视频可帮助他们培养后继者，也可用来解决责任纠纷。视力部分丧失者可利用与计算机相连的镜头来识别街道标志和产品标签。 F.[38]乐观主义者预见到了摄像机在未来更广泛的益处。很多人携带活动跟踪器，或戴在手腕上或放在口袋中，来监测自己的运动或睡眠模式；摄像机或许能更有效地完成这一工作，或许还可监视配戴者的饮食情况。如果主人遇到事故或遭到侵害，“私人黑匣子”或许能够传输照片。能够进行人脸识别的微型摄像机可作为个人数字助理，使对话可以像文件和邮件那样被搜索到。现在，有少部分“生活记录器”已将数年内的记录存储到“电子记忆”数据库中。
G.并非每个人都会对这些前景感到兴奋不已。一个完美的数字记忆很可能是一种痛苦，它能保存珍贵的往事，但也能保存那些伤心的回忆。多疑的配偶和雇主可能会觉得自己有权回顾这些记录。
H.[40]镜头前的人比镜头后的人有更多的担忧。校园恶霸已经在利用手机进行非法拍摄，用以使其欺凌的对象难堪。女性的私密照片充斥网络，而这些照片都是在公共场合抓拍的。可穿戴式摄像机将使这种不道德的拍摄变得更为容易。日益成熟的人脸识别技术可能成为一个严重的问题，因为这开始使得企业和政府通过在线搜索数十亿张照片来获取个人信息。酒吧、街道、办公室和人们头上，摄像头无处不在。加之社交网络和其他提供处理储存和公开图像服务的供应商运用的算法，几者结合会产生强大的效果。令人担忧。在不久的将来，我们可能会生活在一个一举一动都会被记录下来的世界里，那样的话，即使在街上遇到的陌生人也可以立即识别你的身份。
I.[42]我们仍然坚信，技术进步总体上应该受到欢迎，而不是引起恐慌——这与支持自由这一更深层次的冲动相冲突。自由必须包括一些隐私权：如果你的一举一动都被记录了，那么自由也就被限制了。
J.一种选择是禁止使用让人讨厌的设备。在奥地利，仪表盘上禁止安装摄像机。录制道路情况的驾驶人员将面临一万欧元(约合l．34万美元.的罚款。但是，禁止使用这些设备也损害了人们的利益。[44]社会应该制定出更完善的规则，明确指出这些技术可以在何处及如何使用，就像从对付柯达狂人中学到的那样。
K.目前。企业们都十分谨慎。谷歌已下令禁止在其眼镜的应用程序中使用面部识别技术，且其摄像机只能用于短时间拍摄。日本数码相机制造商确保其产品在每次拍摄时，都必须发出快门声音。现行的管制跟踪或骚扰行为的法律可延伸至用来处理偷窥无人机。
L.尽管如此，由于摄像机变得更小巧，功能更强大，而且更普遍，可能需要新的法律来维护自由。[45]各国政府应该确保，只有为了明确的公共利益时(比如识别银行抢劫犯）才有权使用人脸识别技术。当公司或街头的陌生人想要识别他人身份时，前提应该是他人拥有不自动泄露自己身份的权利。这一原则同样适用于个人数据。正如脸书网和谷歌应该被强制建立高级默认隐私设置(可根据用户的要求降低.那样，新型摄像机和识别技术也应被加以规范，从而使用户自行决定是否要匿名。
M.硅谷十分重视技术之于自由的作用，而且这往往是正确的。但是一种设备在赋予某人自由时有可能会剥夺另一个人的自由。[43]自由派政治人士一直懒于捍卫个人空间这一理念，尤其是网络个人空间。(保护隐私的.战争该打响了。否则，转瞬之间，个人隐私可能就荡然无存了。
解析：题干意为，谷歌眼镜有着灵活的框架，上面配有一个摄像头和一个很小的屏幕。根据题干中的关
键信息Google Glass、flexible frame、both a camera and a tiny screen，可以很快锁定文章中的C段。C段最后一句提到，它(谷歌眼镜.的框架非常灵活，上面配有一个摄像头和一块小屏幕，这使得用户可以轻松地拍照、发送信息和进行在线搜索。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为C。
38[单选题] A British soldier’s act of killing a wounded Afghan was recorded by his coworker’s helmet-camera． A B C D E F G H I J K L M
参考答案：E
参考解析： 解析：题干意为，一名英国士兵杀害一位受伤的阿富汗人的行为被其同事头盔上的摄像头记录了下来。注意抓住题干中的关键信息British soldier、a wounded Afghan、helmet—camera。文中E段中间部分提到，一名英国士兵最近被判谋杀一名受伤的阿富汗人，因为其行为被其同事头盔上的摄像机拍了下来。由此可知。题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为E。
39[单选题] Optimists predict that cameras will have more benefits in the future． A B C D E F G H I J K L M 参考答案：F
参考解析： 解析：题干意为，乐观主义者预测，摄像机在未来会有更多的益处。根据题干中的关键信息Optimists和benefits．可以很快锁定文章中的F段。F段开头提到，乐观主义者预见到了摄像机在未来更广泛的益处。由此可见，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为F。
40[单选题] The amateur photographer was once claimed worse than sharks at the seaside． A B C D E F G H I J K L M 参考答案：A
参考解析： 解析：题干意为，曾经有人声称，海边的业余摄影师比鲨鱼还可怕。注意抓住题干中的关键信息amateur photographer、worse than sharks、at the seaside。A段开头提到，在1890年，一份报纸宣称：“这个季节，海边出现了一种比鲨鱼还可怕的东西，那就是业余摄影师。”由此可见，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为A。
41[单选题] The bigger worry comes from those being recorded，not from the ones who hold the cameras．
A B C D E F G H I J K L M
参考答案：H
参考解析： 解析：题干意为，更大的忧虑来自被拍摄的人，而不是手持摄像机的人。根据题干中的关键信息The bigger worry．可以很快锁定文章中的H段。H段开头提到，镜头前的人比镜头后的人有更多的担忧。由此可见，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为H。
42[单选题] Individuals began to use cameras to take photos with their size becoming smaller and the cost of storing data declining． A B C D E F G H I J K L M 参考答案：B
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