学士学位论文—-基于单片机人体感应防盗报警系统的设计

摘 要

随着科学技术的迅猛发展，安全问题已经成为了一个普遍的人们迫切需要解决的问题。本文设计的是一种性能稳定、灵敏度高的人体红外报警系统。该报警系统电路简单、安装使用方便，且具有报警功能，可用于家庭、企业、工厂等场合。该系统以MSP430F149单片机为核心，采用了相应人体感应模块PIR模块及红外模块，运用定时器、外部中断、一体化红外接收头等来实现。用户可通过遥控器无线遥控报警系统的打开和关闭,该报警系统主要由LED和扬声器组成，通过LED闪烁和扬声器发声来实现报警。在报警系统开启的情况下，一旦有人在人体感应模块的探测范围内活动，报警系统就会报警。报警系统报警后，如若人一直在探测区域活动，则报警系统一直报警，直到人在探测区域静止，从静止状态开始计时，若人一直保持静止，则3S后报警系统自动关闭，若人保持静止的时间小于3S，则又从下次人保持静止的时候开始计时。当然，若人离开了探测区域，且无任何生物进入探测区域，则3S后报警系统自动关闭。若用户通过遥控器关闭掉报警系统，则无论是否有人经过，报警系统都不会报警。

关键词：安全问题；报警系统；MSP430F149；PIR模块；

I

Abstract

With the rapid development of science and technology, the security problem has become a common problem that people want to solve urgently. This topic describe the design of a stable performance, high sensitivity of the human body infrared alarm system. The alarm system has the advantages of simple circuit, convenient installation and use, and has the function of alarming, it can be used in the occasions of families, enterprises, factories, etc.. The system uses MSP430F149 micro-controller as the core, using the corresponding human body induction module PIR module and infrared module, using the timer, external interrupt, integrated infrared receiver first to achieve. The user can control wireless alarm system to open and close through the remote-control, the alarm system mainly consists of LED and the speaker, through the LED flashing and speaker sound to realize the alarm. In the case of the alarm system opened, once someone activates in the human body sensing module detection scope , the alarm system will alarm. After the alarm system alarming, if the person activate in the detection of regional , the alarm system will alarm, until the person inactive in the detection of regional, after10s the alarm system shut down automatically, if a man keep quiet less than 3s, Of course, if the person left the detection area, and without any biological access to the detection area, the alarm system closed automatically after 3s. If the user closes the alarm system by remote-control, whether there is someone passed, the alarm system will not alarm.

Key words：Human body detector module; PIR module; warning system; MSP430F149;

II

目 录

1绪 论 .................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 课题研究背景 ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 课题研究意义 ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 课题研究国内外现状 ........................................................................................................... 1 1.4 课题研究的内容 ................................................................................................................... 2 2系统硬件框图及整体电路图的设计 .......................................................................................... 3 2.1 系统硬件框图的设计 ........................................................................................................... 3 2.2 系统的整体电路图的设计 ................................................................................................... 3 3整体硬件电路的方案设计 .......................................................................................................... 6 3.1 单片机的选择 ....................................................................................................................... 6 3.2 热释电红外传感器的介绍 ................................................................................................... 8 3.2.1 热释电红外传感器优缺点 ............................................................................................ 8 3.2.2 热释电红外传感器安装注意事项 ................................................................................ 8 3.3 PM-7人体感应模块 ............................................................................................................. 9 3.3.1 模块简介 ........................................................................................................................ 9 3.3.2产品特点 ......................................................................................................................... 9 3.3.3应用范围 ......................................................................................................................... 9 3.3.4技术参数 ....................................................................................................................... 10 3.4 TC9012红外遥控模块........................................................................................................ 10 3.4.1 TC9012红外遥控模块简介 ......................................................................................... 10 3.4.2 TC9012主要特点 ......................................................................................................... 10 3.4.3 TC9012结构框图 ......................................................................................................... 10 3.4.4 TC9012管脚图 ............................................................................................................. 11 3.4.5 TC9012编码方式 ......................................................................................................... 11 3.4.6红外一体化接收头（NB0038）概述 .......................................................................... 12 3.4.7 NB0038特性 ................................................................................................................. 12

3.4.8 NB0038原理框图 ......................................................................................................... 12 4系统软件设计 ............................................................................................................................ 13 4.1 软件开发环境 ..................................................................................................................... 13 4.2 系统程序流程 ..................................................................................................................... 13 5系统硬件测试 ............................................................................................................................ 15 6结论与展望 ................................................................................................................................ 16 6.1 结论 ..................................................................................................................................... 16 6.2 展望 ..................................................................................................................................... 16 参考文献 ................................................................... 17 致 谢 ................................................................. 18 附 录 ................................................................. 19