固定化酵母去除废水中铜污染实验研究2

合肥工业大学本科毕业论文

目 录

摘 要 .......................................................... - 3 - Abstract:....................................................... - 4 - 1 综 述........................................................ - 6 - 1.1 重金属铜的危害及其废水污染现状 ............................ - 6 - 1.2 生物吸附法的提出及其优点 .................................. - 6 - 1.3 影响生物吸附的因素 ........................................ - 7 - 1.3.1 微生物的影响 ......................................... - 7 - 1.3.1.1 微生物种类的区别 .................................. - 8 - 1.3.1.2 微生物的预处理 .................................... - 8 - 1.3.1.3 微生物存在的状态 .................................. - 8 - 1.3.2 环境因素的影响 ........................................ - 8 - 1.3.2.1 PH值 .............................................. - 8 - 1.3.2.2 温度 .............................................. - 9 - 1.4 吸附模型 .................................................. - 9 - 1.4.1 等温吸附平衡模型 ...................................... - 9 - 1.4.2 吸附反应动力学模型 ................................... - 10 - 1.4.2 吸附反应的热力学常数计算 ............................. - 11 - 2 实验方法和实验内容.......................................... - 12 - 2.1 实验方法 ................................................. - 12 - 2.1.1 实验准备 ............................................. - 12 - 2.1.1.1 材料制备 ......................................... - 12 - 2.1.1.2 固定化酵母菌制备 ................................. - 12 - 2.1.2 实验方法 ............................................. - 12 - 2.1.2.1 固定化酵母菌吸附实验 ............................. - 12 - 2.1.2.2 铜离子的分析方法 ................................. - 14 - 2.2 研究内容 ................................................. - 14 - 3 固定化酵母菌对废水中铜离子的吸附作用........................ - 15 - 3.1 吸附时间变化对固定化酵母吸附铜离子的影响 ................. - 15 - 3.2 不同温度对固定化酵母吸附铜离子的影响 ..................... - 16 - 3.3 不同PH值对固定化酵母吸附铜离子的影响 .................... - 17 - 3.4 固定化酵母浓度变化对其吸附铜离子的影响 ................... - 18 - 3.5 铜离子浓度变化对固定化酵母对其吸附的影响 ................. - 19 - 3.6 吸附模型的应用 ........................................... - 20 - 3.6.1 平衡吸附模型 ......................................... - 20 -

- 1 -

合肥工业大学本科毕业论文

3.6.2 动力吸附模型 ......................................... - 22 - 3.6.3 热力学参数计算 ....................................... - 23 - 3.7 小结 ................................................... - 23 - 结 论......................................................... - 24 - 致 谢......................................................... - 26 - [参考文献]..................................................... - 27 -

- 2 -

合肥工业大学本科毕业论文

固定化酵母去除废水中铜污染实验研究

摘 要：本实验运用固定化技术将啤酒酵母菌进行固定，以固定化酵母菌作为

关键词：

生物吸附剂，研究了对废水中铜离子的吸附行为。实验研究了固定化酵母在不同的温度、PH值、吸附时间以及不同的固定化酵母菌浓度和铜离子浓度等因素下对固定化酵母菌吸附铜离子的影响。实验表明：固定化酵母对铜离子有良好的吸附作用。实验通过分别改变固定化酵母浓度和溶液中铜离子浓度，表明：当固定化酵母浓度在0.09g/ml时，铜离子的去除率达到76%此时基本达到平衡，而当铜离子浓度处于70mg/L时单位质量的固定化酵母的吸附量达到平衡。 在PH值为4左右，固定化酵母对铜离子的吸附量达到最大，当低于或高于这个值时，吸附量均会减少,而吸附时间为180min时是反应最佳初始条件，此时固定化酵母对铜离子的吸附反应已经达到平衡，继续增加吸附时间吸附量基本保持不变。通过实验发现在温度达到25℃时，固定化酵母对铜离子吸附量达到最高，温度升高降低均会降低吸附量，通过计算热力学参数发现，在最佳温度范围内，固定化酵母的吸附反应是自发进行。实验中，在铜离子初始浓度在10mg/L到120mg/L，铜离子的去除率达到64%到33%。实验中探讨了固定化酵母对铜离子吸附反应的平衡吸附模型，实验表明固定化酵母吸附铜离子反应能较好的符合Langmuir等温模型和Freundlich等温模型。实验同时探讨了固定化酵母对铜离子吸附反应的动力学模型，实验表明，固定化酵母吸附铜离子的反应能较好的符合准一级反应动力学模型和准二级反应动力学模型。

废水处理 重金属铜污染 固定化酵母菌 生物吸附

- 3 -

合肥工业大学本科毕业论文

Abstract: In this study, the use of immobilization technology to beer yeast, fixed,

immobilized yeast as a biosorbent to study the adsorption behavior of copper ions in the wastewater.

The experimental study of immobilized yeast immobilized yeast adsorbing copper ion in the different temperature, pH value, adsorption time and concentration of the different immobilized yeast and copper ion concentration factors.

The experimental results show that: good adsorption of the immobilized yeast copper ion.

Experiment by altering the concentration of copper ions in the immobilized yeast concentration and solution, showed that: when the immobilized yeast concentration in the 0.09g/ml copper ion removal rate reached 76% equilibrium was achieved at this time, when the concentration of copper ions in70mg / L, when a unit mass of the adsorption capacity of the immobilized yeast balance.

PH value of the immobilized yeast copper adsorption capacity reached the maximum adsorption volume will be reduced when lower or higher than this value, the adsorption time was 180min is the best response to the initial conditions, thiswhen immobilized yeast copper ion adsorption reaction to reach equilibrium, continue to increase the adsorption capacity of the adsorption time remained unchanged.

It was found that when the temperature reaches 25 ° C, the immobilized yeast highest temperature rises by the amount of copper ions will reduce the adsorption capacity by calculating the thermodynamic parameters found, the optimal temperature range, the adsorption and reaction of the immobilized yeastis spontaneous.

Experiment, the initial concentration of copper ions for the 10 mg / L to 120mg / L, and copper ion removal rate reached 64% to 33%.

Experiments to investigate the reaction of immobilized yeast copper ions equilibrium adsorption model experiments show that the immobilized yeast adsorbing copper ion reaction can be better accord with the

- 4 -