新概念同学总结的四册课堂笔记1

Lesson One Finding Fossil Man

Written by ROBIN PLACE

四册的英语学习由simplified（简化的）and abridged（删节的）—>original——advanced English must understand：1. subject matter (主题) /style (风格) 2. language (sentence&voc.)

the most important：frame work—understand the gist（主旨）——idea（作者要表达的思想） 能力的培养：learning is a process of reproduction{oral（日常口语与正式场合应用的口语

elevated）writing}

词 语

（一）anthropology 人类学 anthropologist 人类学家

archaeology 考古学 archaeologist 考古学家 （二）1 recount（fml）叙述

eg: would you pls recount your experience in Africa to me？ 你能讲将你在非洲的经历吗？ 2 recite 背诵/说

eg: Don’t encourage him, he will begin reciting his family history. 别鼓动他,他该开始讲他的家史了。 3 rehearse 说/排练，排演

eg: Before every performance, you should rehearse as a actor. 每次演出前都要彩排。

4 relate 联系 讲述(fml)relate sth to sb.

eg: Why did my grandmother never relate this to me? 为什么我的祖母没对我说这个？ 5 narrate 记述 6 describe 描写

（三）1 saga英雄的故事,一种历史,家族史 his family saga.他的家族史

2 epic英雄史 epic is a kind of poetry is that tells you sth.about hero. 伊利亚特、奥德塞 3 myth 神话 （希腊、罗马神话） 4 biography 传记

5 the rise and fall of the whole family 家族兴衰史

eg: This family saga recount the rise and fall of the whole family. 这部家族史就是记录整个家族的兴衰。

eg: This book tells sth. about the rise and fall of the ancient civilization 这部书就是记述古老文明的兴衰史。 6 ups and downs 沉浮

life is full of ups and downs. 生活总是沧海沉浮 7 legend 传奇 legendary figure 传奇人物

The Lengend Of Fall《秋日传奇》又名《燃情岁月》

（四）bone and shell script 甲骨文 考证BC1600—BC1100年的历史（郭沫若发

现）

（五）anthropologist——misanthropist 厌世者 philanthropist 慈善家

anthropoid 类似人的 philharmonic 交响乐 eg:Some apes are anthropoid. 有些猩猩是类似于人的。

（六）1 remote(n.) a remote control 遥控器 a remote chance 机会渺茫

eg: I don’t have the remotest idea. 一点办法没有

2 a remote ancestor 远祖 a remote village 偏远的小村

in the distant past 遥远的过去

far-off 遥远(但比1,2距离现在要近)

eg: in the far-off day when I was young, I used to be very naughty. 我小时候很淘气

（七）ancestor(n.) 祖先 ancient(a.) 古老的 antique(n.) 古董

forefathers 先父们 forerunner 先驱 forebears(fml)祖先 eg: The forerunner of modern computer use to be like house. 计算机的先祖象房子一样大。

eg:Four score and seven years ago, our forefathers brought forth on this continent created a new nation.

87年前,我们的先父们来到这里建立了新大陆。 （八）stone 石头

rock(n.)大块岩石 (v.)摇 rocking-chair 摇椅 rock-‘n-roll 摇滚乐 pebble 鹅卵石

eg:Don’t act as if you were the only pebble on the beach.. 别自以为是

cobble stone 铺路的卵石 (hobble 一瘸一拐地走) （九）1 rot(v.) 烂 (慢慢烂)

2 decay 腐败

eg:The wood has decayed. 3 decompose 分解

eg: After a man dies, his body will be decomposed. 他死后尸体将被分解 4 degenerate 恶化 变质 5 deteriorate 恶化

eg:The condition is degenerating.

6 perish 恶化 腐烂 消失(皮革 橡胶等)

eg: Government of the people for the people, and by the people will never

perish from this world. 7 rotten(a.) 烂的

①a rotten apple 一条臭鱼(起坏作用的家伙)

②be rotten to the core 坏的透顶的家伙 eg:Pay attention to him,he is rotten to the core. 注意，他是一个坏透顶的家伙

③feel rotten about=feel uncomfortable about 对做某事感到不舒服 eg:I feel rotten about having to fire you. 我对惹火你感到不舒服。 （十）1 trace 痕迹

2 without trace 没留下痕迹

eg: Last night the old lady vanished without trace.

昨天晚上，那个老太太没留下任何痕迹就消失了。 3 disappear/vanish without trace 无痕的消失/神秘的失踪 4 vanish into thin air 人间蒸发 不翼而飞（快速地消失） 5 fade away （记忆 颜色）慢慢褪去 eg:My memories faded away.

6 blend in with the crowd 混在人群中消失 7 die out 消失

eg: Many old customs are gradually dying out. 一些旧的习俗正在逐渐消失 8 be/become extinct 绝种 （十一）1 fossil 化石

eg: You are old fossil老顽固(贬)

A stick in the mud 老古董(贬) 2 stubborn 倔强(褒) 3 pigheaded 倔强(贬)

课 文：

（一） read between lines 读出字里行间蕴藏的意思

eg:I can read you like a book. 我太了解你了 （二）1 convince sb.of 说服某人

eg:I want to convince you of my honesty. 我想就我的真诚说服你。 2 Inform sb. of 通知某人

eg:He informed me of his marriage. 他通知我他的婚讯。 3 complain of 抱怨 to sb. 4 remind sb. of 回想

eg:The sight of you remind me of my wife. 看见你让我回想起我的妻子。 （三）the Far East 远东

the Middle East中东 the Near East近东

the Oriental world 东方世界 the Hesperian world the New Oriental School 新东方学校

（四）1 first + v. 最先 最初

first……arrive 最初到达

eg:When I first came to BJ, I was 10years old. 我第一次来北京时10岁。

eg:Where did you first know about our web site? 你是从哪里第一次知道我们的网站的。

2 firstly 第一

西方世界 first of all(fml) 第一

3 of the first water 一流的 最棒的 eg:Tom is of the first water. 汤姆是最棒的 4 first aid 急救

（五）eg: There are some parts of China where the children cannot afford to attend

to school.

中国有些地方的孩子还上不起学.

eg: There are some parts of the world where the children can hardly have

anything to eat.

世界上还有些地方的孩子吃不上饭。

1 There are times when 有时

eg:There are times when this can happen.时有发生 2 There was a time when 曾几何时

eg: There was a time when Chinese people worked hard but couldn’t earn

enough to eat.

曾几何时，中国人民拼命工作却吃不饱饭。 3 There are rare instances when 在个别情况下

eg: There are rare instances when my mother treat us unfair. 在个别情况下，我妈妈对待我们不公平。 （六）1 the only way that唯一的办法

eg: The only way that you can obtain information is to go to library. 我们唯一获得信息的办法就是查字典。 2 the only way to do做某事的唯一方法 （七）1 preserve 用化学方法储存（腌菜）

2 conserve 保全 conservative 保守党 3 reserve 预定

eg: I want to reserve a room 我要定房 4 deserve 值得

eg: You deserved.你活该！ 5 serve sb服务

eg: He refuse to serve me 他拒绝为我服务 Dinner is served 上菜

（八）远古人类留下信息的两种方法：

1 write—>read

2 unable to write tell the story

英：Beowulf —>king Althur and the knight of the Roundtable 亚瑟王和他的12个圆桌骑士 Robin Hood 罗宾汉 华：folklore 民间传说

（九）诗歌，故事的传诵者是minstrels—singing a story 游吟诗人

游吟诗人受人们欢迎的原因entertainment娱乐 eternal为了永恒 （十）The ring is handed down from a remote ancestor of my family 这枚戒指是祖传的。

hand-me-downs 捡剩的穿