2018届高三英语大二轮复习完形填空专练五 说明文 含答案 精品

完形填空专练(五) 说明文

A

(2017·兰州市高考诊断考试)When your child is supposed to be doing homework, are they chatting with their friends on Facebook or playing games? Many studies have shown that multitasking doesn’t __1__， __2__ your child is probably proudly claiming they can do ten things __3__！ Many people believe that they can __4__ two or more tasks at the same time, but Dr.Edward Hallowell says this is __5__.The reality is that multitasking __6__ poor job performance.

New hand-held __7__ such as smartphones, iPads, games and social networking sites make it very easy to multitask and __8__ attention leading to difficulty focusing on the task __9__， such as listening in the classroom or doing homework.“__10__， the brain actually __11__ kids for multitasking even though your child’s performance on every task gets worse and worse.Kids don’t know that they are doing __12__ because they feel better when they multitask，” says Dr.Edward Hallowell.

__13__ the appearance of hand-held devices and social networking sites, teachers have noticed a difference in __14__ performance, critical thinking skills and how information is __15__.“Multitasking prevents people from gaining a deep understanding of the information they are trying to learn，” says Dr.Edward Hallowell.Kids have a difficult time sticking with a “difficult to understand” topic and __16__ to allow themselves to be distracted (注意力分散的), to tune out and switch __17__ to Facebook or using their cell phones __18__ working harder at understanding a difficult subject or problem.In the long __19__， multitasking affects grades.One study shows that kids that use the Internet while in class do __20__ on tests, resulting in lower grades.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了孩子们同时做多项任务对学业所造成的负面影响。

1．A.play C．use

B．understand D．work

解析：选D 根据下文中的“The reality is that multitasking __6__ poor job performance.”可推知，同时做很多事情并没有什么效果。work“有效，起作用”。

2．A.only if C．so that

B．even though D．no wonder

解析：选B 根据语境可知，空处上下句之间存在逻辑上的让步关系，even though“虽然，尽管”，符合语境。

3．A.at once C．in no time

B．right away D．at random

解析：选A 根据下文中的“Many people believe that they can __4__ two or more tasks at the same time”可知，孩子们会声称能同时做十件事情。at once“同时”。

4．A.advocate C．perform

B．deal D．prefer

解析：选C 根据语境可知，许多人相信他们可以同时做两件或是更多事情。perform“做，执行，履行”。

5．A.impossible C．impatient

B．important D．impolite

解析：选A 根据下文中的“poor job performance”可知，Dr.Edward Hallowell认为同时做多项任务是不可能的。故A项正确。

6．A.results in C．exists in

B．results from D．exists from

解析：选A 根据语境尤其是“poor job performance”可推知，同时做多项任务的结果很不好。result in“导致，造成”。

7．A.designs C．equipment

B．discoveries D．evidence

解析：选C 根据空后的“smartphones, iPads”可知，此处表示新的便携式装备，故C项正确。下文第13空后的“hand-held devices”也是信息提示。

8．A.attract C．pay

B．draw D．share

解析：选D 根据下文中的“leading to difficulty focusing on the task”可推知，多任务容易分散注意力。share“共享，共用”。

9．A.at hand C．on schedule

B．on time D．at times

解析：选A 根据空后的“such as listening in the classroom or doing homework”可知，这些都是手头要做的事。at hand“在手边”。

10．A.Uncertainly C．Universally

B．Unfortunately D．Undoubtedly

解析：选B 根据第一段最后两句可知，Dr.Edward Hallowell并不赞成多任务行为，因此当大脑给这种行为以肯定或鼓励时，他认为是不幸的。

11．A.remains C．regards

B．rewards D．reflects

解析：选B 根据空后的“even though”可知，空处与worse形成对比，由此可推知大脑反而鼓励这种多任务行为。reward“奖赏，报答”。

12．A.better C．bad

B．well D．worse

解析：选D 根据上文中的“gets worse and worse”和空后的“because they feel better when they multitask”可知，孩子们并不知道自己变得更糟糕。

13．A.Since C．When

B．Before D．While

解析：选A 结合空后现在完成时的运用可知，此处应用连词since“自从……之后”引导时间状语从句。

14．A.accidental C．accessible

B．accurate D．academic

解析：选D 根据上文的“teachers”可推知，老师们注意到学生们在学业上的差异。academic“学术的，学业的”。

15．A.produced C．possessed

B．processed D．promoted

解析：选B 根据下文中的“Multitasking prevents people from gaining a deep understanding of the information they are trying to learn”可知，这些便携式工具的出现改变了学生处理信息的方式。process“处理”。

16．A.tend C．intend

B．attend D．pretend

解析：选A 根据空前的“Kids have a difficult time sticking with a ’difficult to understand’ topic”可知，孩子们很难坚持一个理解起来有困难的话题，他们的注意力往往会分散。tend to do sth.“往往会发生某事”。

17．A.out C．off

B．on D．over

解析：选D 根据语境可知，既然注意力分散了，孩子们就有可能转而关注学习之外的东西。switch over to“转向”。

18．A.except for C．more than

B．rather than D．apart from

解析：选B 根据语境可知，孩子们去玩手机或Facebook，而不是更努力地学习。rather than“而不是”。

19．A.run C．journey

B．walk D．distance

解析：选A in the long run为固定短语，意为“从长远来看”，符合语境。 20．A.hardly

B．successfully

C．poorly D．mildly

解析：选C 根据空后的“resulting in lower grades”可知，在课堂上上网的孩子考试成绩差。

B

(2017·兰州市高考实战模拟考试)What is the difference between “entertainment” and “hobbies”？ Well, entertainment __1__ to be more or less passive (被动的), while hobbies are more__2__. Watching TV or maybe a DVD continues to be the most __3__ form of home entertainment in the USA.According to US government statistics, watching TV was the leisure activity (休闲活动) that __4__ most time (2.8 hours per day), making up about half of all leisure time for those aged 15 and over.

__5__， such as visiting friends or chatting online, was the next most __6__ leisure activity, accounting for nearly three-quarters of an hour per day.

Men were more likely than women to be __7__ spectator sports (观赏性体育) — 21 per cent __8__ with a figure of 16 per cent for women. Not __9__， on an average day, adults aged 75 and over spent 7.8 hours on leisure activities, more than any other age group.Because of the __10__ of work and managing a household, 35- to 44-year-old spent __11__ 4.3 hours on leisure activities, less than any other age group.

__12__ spent reading for personal interest and playing video games or using a computer for leisure __13__ greatly by age group.Individuals aged 75＋ averaged 1.0 hour of reading per weekend day and 26 minutes playing games or using a computer for leisure.__14__， people aged 15 to 19 read for an average of only five minutes per weekend day, __15__ spending 1.0 hour playing games or using a computer for leisure.

This pattern is already beginning to __16__.Just a few years ago, computer games and visiting social networking sites like Facebook or MySpace were almost only a(n) __17__ activity.Now, __18__， more and more adults are finding that __19__ such games can be a wonderful way of __20__ after a hard day’s work.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国人的家庭娱乐休闲方式。 1．A.manages C．tends

B．starts D．promises

解析：选C 此处是将“娱乐”与“爱好”进行对比，娱乐“趋向于(tends to)”被动，而爱好更“主动(active)”。

2．A.active C．familiar

B．pleasant D．mysterious