(word完整版)人教版八年级英语下册重点短语、句型及语法(精华全面)

八年级下册英语短语、句型及语法

Unit 1 What’s the matter?

一、重点短语

1. have a fever 发烧 2. have a cough 咳嗽 3. have a toothache 牙疼 4. talk too much 说得太多 5. drink enough water 喝足够的水 6. have a cold 受凉;感冒 7. have a stomachache 胃疼 8. have a sore back 背疼 9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛 10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息 11. hot tea w ith honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 12. see a dentist 看牙医

13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片 14. take one’ s temperature 量体温 15. put some medicine on sth. 在……上面敷药

16. feel very hot 感到很热 17. sound like 听起来像

18. all weekend 整个周末 19. in the same way 以同样的方式 20. go to a doctor 看医生 21. go along 沿着……走 22. on the side of the road 在马路边 23. shout for help 大声呼救 24. without th inking twice 没有多想 25. get off 下车

26. have a heart problem 有心脏病 27. to one’ s surprise 使....... [京讶的 28. thanks to 多亏了 ；由于 29. in time 及时

30. save a life 挽救生命 31. get into trouble 造成麻烦 32. right away 立刻；马上 33. because of 由于 34. get out of 离开;从……出萍 35. hurt oneself 受伤 36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎 37. fa ll down 摔倒

38. feel sick 感到恶心 39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血

40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖 41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰 42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难 43. mountain climbing 登山运动 44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 45. run out (of) 用完;用尽 46. so that 以便 47. so. . . that 如此… …以至于… 48. be in control of 掌管;管理 49. in a difficult situation 在闲境屮 50. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事51. make a decision 做出决定

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52. take risks 冒险 53. give up 放弃 二、重点句型 1. What’ s the matter?

What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you?

= What’ s wrong with you? 你怎么了？

2. What should she do?她该怎么办呢？

Should I take my temperature?我应该量一下体温吗？ 主语+ should/shouldn’t + 动词原形. ..

①You should lie down and rest.你应该躺下休息一会儿。 ② You shouldn’ t go out at night.你晚上不应该出去。 3. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book? 你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢？

4. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving. 我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。

5. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital 三、语法点

（一）、 询问某人的健康问运及遭到麻烦的表达方法

(1)询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时，常用以下几种结构来表达： What?s the matter (with sb．)?（某人）怎么了？ What?s wrong (with sb．)?（某人）怎么了？

What?s the trouble (with sb．)?（某人）出什么事了？

What happened (to sb．)?（某人）发生了什么事？ Are you OK?你没事吧？ Is there anything wrong with sb.？某人有什么事吗？

(2)要表达身体疼痛或不舒服，可用以下结构： ①某人+have/has+病症． The twins have colds．双胞胎感冒了。

Sb.+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache. She had a stomachache last night．她昨晚肚子痛。

③某人+have/has+a+sore+发病部位． He has a sore throat．他喉咙痛。 ④某人+hurt(s)+身体部位或反身代词． He hurt his leg.他的腿受伤了。 ⑤某部位+hurt(s).

My head hurts badly．我头痛得厉害。

⑥某人+have/has+a pain+in one?s+身体部位， I have a pain in my chest．我胸口痛。 ⑦(There is)something wrong with one?s+身体位． There is something wrong with my right eye．．我的右眼有毛病。 ⑧其他表达方式

She has a heart trouble．她有心脏病。

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He got hit on the head他头部受到了撞击。 She cut her finger．她割破手指了。 二 情态动词should的用法

1．Should为情态动词，意为“应该；应当”，否定式为shouldn?t，其后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。常用来表示征询意见、建议、劝告、要求或义务等。 You should drink hot water with honey．你应该喝加有蜂蜜的开水。 He should put his head back他应该把头后仰。

We should try our best to help him.我们应当尽力去帮助他。 You shouldn?t watch TV.你不应该看电视。

2．Should用于主语为第一人称的疑问句，表示征询意见。 Should I put some medicine on it?我应当给它敷上药吗？ Should we tell her about it?我们应该告诉她这件事吗？ 【拓展】在英语中，表示建议的说法有很多，而且都是中考考查的重点。主要结构有： ①Would you like (to do) sth．？你想要／愿意（做）某事吗？

Would you like to play basketball with me?你想要和我一起打篮球吗？ ②Shall I/we do sth ?我／我们做??好吗？

Shall we go to the zoo tomorrow?明天我们去动物园，好吗？ ③Why not do sth ?为什么不??呢？

Why not join us?为什么不加入到我们当中来呢？

④How/What about doing sth ?做某事怎么样？ How about going swimming?去游泳怎么样？ ⑤Let?s do sth让我们做??吧。Let?s go home．咱们回家吧。 ⑥You?d better (not) do sth你最好（不）要做某事。

You?d better not go there alone．你最好不要独自去那儿。

Unit 2 I ’ll help to clean up the city parks. 一、重点短语

1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日 2. an old people’s home 养老院 3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难 4. used to 曾经… 过去_ 5. care for 关心;照顾 6. the look of joy 快乐的表情 7. at the age of 在......岁时 8.clean up 打扫(或清除)干净 9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振雀 10. give out 分发;散发 11. come up with 想出；提出 12. make a plan 制订计划 13. make some notices 做些公告牌 14. try out 试用;试行 15. work for 为…工作；为…. 效力 16. put up 建造;举起;张贴 17. hand out 分发;散发;发给 18. call up 打电话;召集 19. put off 推迟;延迟 20. for example 比如；例如 21. raise money 筹钱;募捐 22. take after 与......相像;像 23. give away 赠送;捐赠 24. fix up 修理;修补;解决

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25. be similar to 与……相似 26. set up 建立;设立

27. disabled people 残疾人 28. make a difference 影响;有作用 29. be able to 能够 30. after-school reading program课外阅读项目 二、重点句型

1. The boy could give out food at the food bank. 这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。 2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now. 清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。

3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning. 每周六上午，他都在一'家动物医院当志愿者。

4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program. 去年，她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。

5. you can see in th e ir eyes that they’ re going on a different journey w ith each new book.

从他们的眼睛里你可以看到他们正在进行每本不同的新书之旅。 6. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer. 我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。

7. Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money. 现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。 8. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky. 在你的帮助下，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。 三、语法点

动词不定式 A. 作主语——为避免句子的头重脚轻，常用it作为形式主语，而真正的主语动词不定式后置。 常用句型：It +be+adj./n.+(for/of sb.) to do sth./It takes sb. some time to do sth.

B. 作宾语——动词want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare?常接动词不定式作宾语。

C. 作（后置）定语——常用于“have/has＋sth.＋to do”或“enough＋名＋to do”“It?s time to do sth.”等结构中。

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