学科网3年高考2年模拟1年原创精品高考英语系列专题17 - 介词及连词（教师版）

学科网3年高考2年模拟1年原创精品高考系列

专题十七 介词及连词

【考点定位】 2010考纲解读和近几年考点分布

介词是最为活跃的词类之一。通常总是与其它词类同时考查。如：可与名词构成介词短语、与动词构成动词短语等。介词考查不仅在选择题中出现，在完形填空题和短文改错题中也不断出现，且每年必考。高考主要考查介词的词义辨析，介词与其他词性的搭配辨析。因此，在平时的积累中，不容忽视以下介词的准确含义及用法：at, as, to, by, on, in, of, with, like, along, for, over, up, through, across, except, but, besides, beside, near等。

介词为虚词,不能单独充当句子成分,必须与名词、代词、短语、句子构成介词短语，才能充当句子成分。高考主要考查介词的词义辨析，介词与其他词性的搭配辨析。

我个人认为在师生备考复习的过程中应该：1．常见介词的用法及辨析。

2．介词与其他词性所构成的一些短语。 3．在定语从句中，介词的使用情况。

高考英语对介词的考查几乎覆盖了全国各省市所有试卷，主要考查介词的辨异、介词的搭配关系、介词的动词意义等。

连词按其性质,分为并列连词和从属连词,考点分布在单项选择?完形填空和短文改错中?《英语教学大纲》和《考试大纲》语法项目表中对连词的考查是这样描述的:掌握词汇表中所列连词的用法?即要求考生分析句子成分,把握语境和逻辑关系,恰当选择合适连词,使句意通顺,逻辑清楚?连接代词或连接副词用于名词性从句,统称连接词?

【考点pk】 名师考点透析

介词考点透析：

考点一、考查介词的词义辨析，介词类常考题常集中于一些常用介词，如at，in，for。form，to，of，on，with，about，by等

例：Luckily，the bullet narrowly missed the captain ______ an inch．

A．by B．at C．to D．from

解析：答案A。by用法之一是表示“相差??数目和程度”，如：His horse won by a nose．他的马以一鼻之差险胜。题干意为：子弹以一英寸之差没射中上尉。

考点二、熟悉和掌握常用的介词短语及其用法

这些介词短语，结构固定，含义特定，特别是有些介词与动词构成短语动词，要做到熟能生巧，运用自如。如catch sight of，look after ／at ／like ／over，take care of，turn to等。

例Washington，a state in the United States，was named ______ one of the greatest American presidents．

A．in honor of B．instead of C．in favor of D．by means of 解析：答案A。in honor of“为纪念??，为向??表达”敬意。

考点三、辨识介词在具体语境中的含义和用法，养成良好的思考习惯和提高辨识能力。

例．—What do you want ______ those old boxes？

—To put things in when I move to the new flat．（2002北京） A．by B．for C．of D．with

如：He lay on his back,his hands crossed under his head.他双手交叉放在脑后，仰躺着。例_____two exams to worry about,I have to work really hard this weekend.(2004·北京卷)A. With B.Besides C.As for D.Because of

解析 A 由句子结构看出，第一空须填入介词，构成介词+宾语+to do的形式，只有with有此用法，由此可知选A。

连词考点透析

考点一、?特殊并列连词while/when

例1. I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel

_______ I heard the steps. (2006年高考湖南卷)

A. while B. when C. since D. after

例2.I’d like to study law at university _______ my cousin prefers geography. (2007年高考四川卷)

A. thoughB. as C. while D. for

[解析]B?C?作并列连词时,when/while用法较为特殊,二者区别是:while表两相对照;而when表突然?在那时,常见于be about to do...when和hardly...when等句型中?

考点二、表示原因的连词for/because/as/since

例3.He found it increasingly difficult to read, _____ his eyesight was beginning to fail.(2006年高考北京卷)

A. and B. for C. but D. or

例4.Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, ______ this was a memory she especially treasured. (2006年高考广东卷)

A. as B. if

C. when D. where

例5.Parents should take seriously their children’s requests for sunglasses ________ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather.(2004年高考上海卷)

A. because B. though C. unless

D. if

例6._____ everybody knows about it, I don’t want to talk any more. A. For

B. Even C. Since

D. However

考点三、并列连词but/yet/though

例7. Excuse me for breaking in, ______ I have some news for you. A. so B. and C. but D. yet

考点四、引导名词性从句的从属连词that/whether/if

例8.The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. (2007 年高考上海卷)

A. when B. why