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八年级下册英语 unit1

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Unit 1

重点单词

Matter n. 事情,问题 sore adj.疼痛的,酸痛的 stomachache n. 胃痛,腹痛 Neck n. 颈;脖子 stomach n. 胃,腹部 throat n. 喉咙,咽喉

Fever n . 发烧 cough n. 咳嗽 toothache n. 牙痛

Headache n . 头痛 hurt v. 疼痛,受伤 passenger n. 乘客,旅客

Bandage v. 用绷带包扎 nosebleed n. 鼻出血 breathe V. 呼吸

Sunburned adj. 晒伤的 climber n. 登山者 risk 危险,风险

Accident n. (交通) 事故,意外事故 situation n. 情景, 状态 knife n. 刀 Blood n. 血 importance n. 重要性,重要 decision . 决定,抉择

Spirit n. 勇气,意志 death n. 死,死亡 nurse n. 护士

重点短语

What’s the matter with you ? = What’s wrong with you ? = What’s the trouble with you ?

Sore throat 喉咙痛 have a stomachache 胃痛 take one’s temperature 量体温

See the dentist 看牙医 have a fever 发烧 have a headache 头痛

Go along 沿着… 走 get off 下车 wait for 等待

To one’s surprise 令某人吃惊 thanks to 由于 in time 及时

Think about 考虑 agree to do sth 同义做某事 have a nosebleed 流鼻血

Fall down 摔倒 be interested in 对…..感兴趣 be used to doing sth 习惯于…

Take risks (take a risk )冒险 one of + n复数 、、、、之一 run out (of ) 用尽;耗尽

Cut off 切除 get out of 离开,从……出来 be in control of 掌握,管理

Make a decision 做决定 keep on doing sth 持续做某事 give up 放弃

Have trouble (in)doing sth 做某事有困难 expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事

重、难点句子:

1)He expected most or all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus

他希望大多数乘客或所有的乘客都会下车等下一辆公共汽车。

这个句子理解的时候主要要求掌握几个短语。 期望某人做某事“expect sb to do sth ” get off “下车” wait for “等待”

例子:I expect Tom to be a skilled worker 我期望汤姆做个技术工人 练习:1.—You look sad. What has happened ?

—Everyone _______ us to win the math, but we lost.

A. expects B. expected C. hopes D. hoped

2)But to his surprise , they all agreed to go with him 但是令他惊讶的是,他们都同意和他一起去

Surprise 是名词, 表示“惊讶”时, 是不可数名词。 常用短语:in surprise 惊讶地; to one’s surprise 使….惊讶的。 表示“令人惊讶的事/意外之事”时, 是可数名词。 Surprise 还可以作及物动词, 意思是“使…惊讶 ,常用短语 surprise sb . 例子: It was a great surprise to learn of her marriage. 得知她结婚是一件十分令人惊喜的事。 Surprised 为形容词, 意思是“感到惊讶的” surprising 也是形容词, 意思是“令人感到惊讶的

To one’s surprise 与in surprise 的区别

To one’s surprise “使。。感到惊讶的”,常位于句首,做状语, 表示行为的结果。 例子:To our surprise , the door was unlocked . 令我们吃惊的是门没有锁。 In surprise “惊奇地”常位于动词之后做状语。 表示方式。 例子: John looked at me in surprise 约翰惊奇的望着我。

3)Do you agree that people often do not help others because they do not want to get into trouble ?

你同意人们经常不帮助别人是因为他们不想惹上麻烦吗? Trouble 是名词, 意为“烦恼,苦恼,问题”, 通常是不可数名词, 使用时注意以下句型和结构:

1. have trouble (in) doing sth 表示“做某事有困难”, 其中的介词in在口语中通常可以

省略,但通常不能改为不定式。 例子: We had on trouble (in)finding his office 我们没费吹灰之力就找到了他的办公室。 2. have trouble with 表示“有….毛病;同…. 闹纠纷 例子: He is having trouble with teeth . 他正牙痛

3.get into trouble 是固定短语, 意为“陷入困境; 造成麻烦

例子: He’s always getting into trouble (with the teacher). 他老闯祸(给老师惹麻烦) 4) As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. 作为一个登山者, 阿伦习惯于冒险

这个句子需要注意以下

1. be used to 为“习惯于。。。。;适应于。。。”, 后常接动词、代词或现在分词。

be used to doing sth .表示”习惯于做某事”. be used to do sth 表示“…… 被用来做某事

例子: I am used t o eating rice now. 我现在习惯吃大米。 The knife can used to cut meat 这把刀能用来切肉。 Take risks “冒险” 相当于 take a risk

例子: We do not expect untrained people to take risks . 我们不主张未受过训练的人员去冒险。

5) On April 26, 2003, he found himself in a very dangerous situation when climbing in Utah. 在2003年4月26日,当他在尤他州爬山时发现自己处在一个很危险的状况里。

Situation 是名词, 意为“位置;形势;情况”多指国家的政治局势、经济状态等, 是可数名词。 其形容词是situational, 意为“环境形成的”。

例子: This situation is unfavourable for us 这样的情况对我们来说是不利的。

6)On that day , Aron’s arm was caught under a 2, 000-kilo rock that fell on him when he was climbing by himself in the mountains. 那天,当他独自在山上攀登的时候,阿伦的胳膊被一个落在他身上2000 公斤重的岩石压住了。

2,000-kilo 是由连字符和其他名词构成的名词性短语, 当他做定语的时候,该名词只能用单数形式。

例子:She is a 6-year-old girl . 她是一个六岁大的女孩。= she is a 6 years old girl

7) But when his water ran out , he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.

但当他的水用光的时候, 他知识他必须做点什么来挽救自己的生命。

1.run out of “用尽,耗完” 例如: I have run out of notepaper 我们已用完了信纸

They have run out of their food 他们的食物已经用完了

2. have to do something “一定要做点什么; 和…..有关”

例如:You have to do something about your text 你必须为你的考试做些什么了。

8) Then ,with his left arm , he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood

然后,他用左手臂用绷带包扎自己, 这样他不会失血太多。

too much “太多,太过于”,做定语修饰不可数名词,还可以单独用作主语、表语、状语等,, too 是副词, much 是形容词, 意为“许多的,大量的”

例子: I have too much homework to do 我有太多的家庭作业要做 There is too much water in the glasses 杯子里有太多的水 由此我们可以回忆一下之前我们学习过的 much too 是什么意思呢?

much too 是“太、非常”的意思,其实much在这里表示“大”的意思,是用来加强too 的语气, 常用来修饰形容词和副词

例子:You’re much too fat 你太胖了

以前我们还学过too many 的用法,他是用来修饰可数名词的复数的。 这个短语的中心词是many ,too 只是用来修饰many

例子: There are too many apples in the basket 在篮子里有太多的苹果。

练习:1. — look ! There is a big river , Let’s swim in it !

— No, I think it’s _____ dangerous

A. much too B. too much C. too many D. many too

2.— Why are you so tired these days ? — Well , I have _______ work to do

A. too much B. too many C. much too D. many too

9) In this book , Aron tells of the importance of making good decision , and of being in control of one’s life .在这本书中阿伦讲述了做出重要选择的重要性,以及掌握自己生命的

重要性。

1. importance 是不可数名词, 意为“重要性,重要“,其形容词是 important “重要的”,

例子: This matter is of vital importance to us 这件事对我们来说至关重要。 2. decision 是名词 ,意为“决定,抉择“。 decision 经常与make , reach, arrive at , give ,

come to 等词连用(但不可用do)均表示”作出决定”

例子: We can’t make a decision without our chairman. 主席不在场,我们不能做决定。 与decision 有关的短语

decision about 关于。。。的决定 decision on 关于。。。的决定

come to a decision 决定下来 give a decision 做出决定 make a decision 做决定 reach a decision 达成协议 wrong decision 错误的决定

3. control 做名词, 意为 “掌握,控制“常用短语”be in control of ”

例子: They were in complete control of the situation 他们完全掌握了局势。

10) Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains

today .

阿伦在那次事故过后并没有放弃, 现在坚持爬山。

1. give up 是动词短语, 意为“放弃“, 指行为或努力受挫或被的原因而主动放弃, 可用作及物动词,跟名词或V.-ing 做宾语 。 也可做不及物动词。

例子: You ought to give up smoking , I gave up last year 你应该戒烟, 我去年就戒掉了。 易混词组 give up 意义及用法 give up 指行为或努力受挫或别的原因而主动放弃, 可做及物动词, 跟名词或动名词做宾语, 也可作不及物动词。 例句 The window was strong and the waves were big , sohad to give up his attempt to swim the channel 。 风浪高,他只好放弃横渡海峡的打算 give in give in 意为“让步,屈服“指不再坚持自As neither of the two sides would give in ,己的行为或观点等, 而按照别人的要求去做, agreement fell through . 由于双发不肯让步,所以一般做不及物动词 能达成协议 give out 意为“用完,耗尽,体力不支“是不及物动词 give out After a long journey , my strength gave out couldn’t walk any father . 已经走了很长的路,我筋疲力尽,再也走不动了。 练习:1. It was a difficult time for the quake-hit victims(牺牲者,受害者) in Ya’an, but they didn’t _______ hope .

A. give up B. give off C. give in D. give out

2.I feel it hard to keep up with my classmates in study and sometimes I lose heart . But

whenever(不管什么时候) I want to ____, my teacher always encourage me to work harder .

A. go on B. run away C. give up

D. look out

2. keep on 意为“ 反复的做“, 继续进行。 常用句型是keep on doing sth 意为”继续(或坚持)做某事“

例子: She kept on working although she was tired . 她虽然很疲惫但任继续工作 Keep on with 后可加名词或代词, 意为“继续……“

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Unit 1 重点单词 Matter n. 事情,问题 sore adj.疼痛的,酸痛的 stomachache n. 胃痛,腹痛 Neck n. 颈;脖子 stomach n. 胃,腹部 throat n. 喉咙,咽喉 Fever n . 发烧 cough n. 咳嗽 toothache n. 牙痛 Headache n . 头痛 hurt v. 疼痛,受伤 passenger n. 乘客,旅客 Bandage v. 用绷带包扎

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