2015年河南专升本公共英语讲义-完形填空

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【解析】答案为B项，本题为异形近义词的复现。

三、完形填空答题步骤

完形填空的解题过程可以概括为“总、分、总”三个步骤。

第一步：“总”——以略读方式快速浏览全文（找出主题词汇链，了解文章大意） 主要目的是要了解文章的体裁和题材，从整体上把握全文内容和结构框架，找出文章的主旨大意，作者的观点态度与思路，文章展开的线索，句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系以及文章的语言风格或特点。应当格外注意段首句和段尾句，因为文章第一句话旨在让读者对全文有一个大致的了解，而且段首句往往就是主题句；而段尾句往往是结论句,同样为文章主题服务。此外要注意重复出现的词语。

第二步：“分”——建议用三遍解题法 第一遍，通读做题法，解答较为容易的试题。

对含义明显的词汇，固定搭配或习惯用法，常用句式等纯语言知识问题，可以边读边随时猜测出答案，包括介词的用法、倒装句、虚拟语气等固定的句型或语法。 第二遍，思考通读过程中未能轻易猜测出答案的题目，解答中等难度试题。

这类题目的答案，取决于对语篇的理解。利用上下文中、字里行间的线索才能猜测出答案。首先看清题目的句法关系，辨别句子是简单句、并列句还是主从复合句，并根据语法判断词性，然后根据自己的生活常识，背景知识与文章主题猜测该词或短语的语义范围。 第三遍，集中突破前两轮未能解出的题目，解答难题。

在前两轮的基础上，针对最后难关，直接对照选择项，利用前两轮已填入的选项缩小填空范围，采用排除法，排除不恰当的选项，最后敲定答案。

第三步：“总”——检查核实，通读选定答案后的全文

此时的文章应当是一个语法结构正确，用词语义准确，上下文逻辑关系严密，主题突出，内容充实，意思连贯，层次清晰的整体。

首先，要着眼大局，从语篇整体上，看答案是否符合文章主题，作者意图及文体特征。结合段首句、段尾句和含有连贯意义的词语，把文章看作一篇范文，从写作角度，审视文章的谋篇布局“启、承、转、合”。

其次，从以下几方面对所选答案进行核查：

(1)所选择的单词或短语是否符合本句内容，使上下文连贯和谐，与全文意义相协调； (2)所选择的单词或短语是否符合某种固定搭配；

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(3)所选择的单词或短语是否符合某种句型、时态、语态的特殊要求，如虚拟语气从句中的谓语动词用原形(过去式、过去完成式)；

(4)所选词本身或附近的词有无特殊要求，如有些动词后面只接动名词而不能接不定式。 必要时对个别答案仍需推敲，发现不妥，要重新考虑，但应慎重，无确实把握，仍应相信第一印象。

完形填空练习题

Passage 1

Travelling can be fun and easy. A vacation trip to another part of the country is especially 1 when the travelling conditions are good.

Good travelling conditions 2 a comfortable and familiar mode of transportation, knowledge of the country’s language and system of money, 3 with the customs and habits of the people in the country, and nice travel 4. All of us have had nice trips 5 this. In fact, we have good 6 of an enjoyable, relaxing trip. Most of us have also had trips that we would 7 to forget. Many conditions can produce a bad 8 experience. For example, if the four conditions 9 above do not exist,

we will 10 have a bad experience, or at a difficult 11. Students who travel to another country to 12 often have a difficult trip. They 13 travel alone, they do not know the language of the new country 14, they are not familiar with the money system and so on. They often arrive in the new country at a huge 15 airport. From the airport, they need to 16 their way to the city where their school is, maybe they need to 17 airplanes, to take a bus, a train, or a taxi. They need to do all this in a country 18 everything is unfamiliar: the language, the money, the people, the cities, and the weather, later, after the experiences are over, they 19 laugh. But they certainly at the 20, they feel terrible. 1. A. enjoyable B. amusing C. happy D. favorable 2. A. include B. exclude C. conclude D. contain

3. A. awareness B. understanding C. interest D. familiarity 4. A. friends B. companions C. colleagues D. companies 5. A. like B. as C. towards D. for

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6. A. memories B. impressions C. opinions D. pictures 7. A. like B. have C. want D. need 8. A. trip B. tour C. travel D. visit

9. A. outlined B. talked C. discussed D. listed 10. A. impossibly B. probably C. completely D. partly 11. A. one B. a C. that D. this

12. A. study B. play C. experience D. inspect 13. A. hardly B. rarely C. particularly D. usually 14. A. yet B. too C. either D. already

15. A. national B. international C. domestic D. local 16. A. watch B. notice C. see D. find 17. A. alter B. board C. take D. change 18. A. where B. when C. whose D. which 19. A. need B. shall C. may D. must 20. A. airport B. country C. time D. day

Passage 2

Accidents are caused; they don’t just happen. The reason may be easy to see: an 1 tray, a shelf out of reach, a patch of ice on the road. But more 2 than not there is a 3 of events leading up to the misfortune— 4, tiredness or just bad temper—that show what the accident really is, a sort of attack on 5.

Road accidents, for example, happen 6 after a family quarrel, and we all know people who are accidentprone, so often 7 with themselves and the world 8 they seem to cause accidents for themselves and others.

9 definition, an accident is 10 you cannot predict to avoid. Most accidents 11 ordinary motorists in a moment of carelessness or thoughtlessness.

It is not always clear, either, what sort of conditions made people more 12 to have an accident. For instance, the law 13 all factories to take safety 14, and most companies have safety committees to make sure the regulations are 15, but still, every day in Britain, some fifty thousand men and women are 16 work due to accident. These accidents are 17 the result of human error or misjudgement—noise and fatigue, 18 or worry are possible factors which 19 this. Doctors who work in

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factories have found that those who drink too much, usually people who have a high anxiety level, 20 three times the normal risk of accidents at work. 1. A. overcharged B. overloaded C. overburdened D. overborne 2. A. usual B. seldom C. always D. often 3. A. chain B. cluster C. bunch D. bar

4. A. destruction B. disappointment C. satisfaction D. frustration 5. A. oneself B. itself C. himself D. herself 6. A. often B. always C. frequently D. never 7. A. at odds B. of odds C. in odds D. on odds 8. A. so B. therefore C. that D. as 9. A. To B. By C. In D. For

10. A. anything B. everything C. nothing D. something 11. A. motivate B. involve C. relate D. interfere 12. A. likely B. necessary C. dispensable D. easily 13. A. enquires B. acquires C. requires D. demands 14. A. methods B. ways C. responsibilities D. precautions 15. A. seen B. observed C. obeyed D. noticed 16. A. fired from B. absent from C. dismissed from D. fined from 17. A. greatly B. highly C. largely D. directly 18. A. Boredom B. excitement C. enjoyment D. contentment 19. A. attribute to B. owe to C. contribute to D. due to 20. A. take B. run C. make D. get

Passage 3

The horse and carriage is a thing of the past. But love and marriage are still with us and still closely interrelated. Most American marriages, particularly first marriages 1 young couples, are the result of 2 attraction and affection 3 than practical considerations.

In the United States, parents do not arrange marriages for their children. Teenagers begin 4 in high school and usually find mates through their own academic and social 5.Though young people feel 6 to choose their friends from 7 groups, most choose a mate of similar background.

This is 8 in part to parental guidance. Parents cannot select spouses for their