(完整word)2010-2018年英语高考全国卷中长难句及解析

43、(2016全国新课标乙卷语法填空)

But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.

译文：但我和熊猫的联系可以追溯到20世纪80年代中期的一档电视节目中，我是第一个被允许拍摄野外营救挨饿的熊猫影片的西方电视台记者。

分析：本句为主从复合句，其中when引导非限制性定语从句，修饰the mid-1980s，过去分词短语permitted…作定语修饰reporter。

44、( 2016全国新课标丙卷阅读理解C篇)

To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans.

译文：对于习惯于在超市卖的黄金美味和皇家嘎啦这种有限苹果种类选择的人来说，看到仍旧存留的传统苹果是很长见识的，比如罗马人种植的Decio。

分析：本句的主句是it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式；此外，To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets为状语，状语中包含了who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词people；本句最后还有一个which引导定语从句，修饰先行词Decio。

45、( 2016全国新课标丙卷阅读理解D篇)

Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad.

译文：读者们也喜欢分享让他们感到兴奋或有趣的文章，或者是引发愤怒或焦虑的消极感受的文章，而不是仅仅让他们感到悲伤的文章。

分析：本句为复合句，三个that引导的定语从句对articles进行解释说明。

46、( 2016全国新课标丙卷阅读七选五)

When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don’t cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two.

译文：当你买完鱼回家后，如果不立即烹饪你最好把鱼放在冰箱里保存，但新鲜的鱼只能在冰箱保存一到两天。

分析：本句为复合句，when引导时间状语从句，主句中还包含了if引导条件状语从句。

47、( 2016全国新课标丙卷完形填空)

We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player, but I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’ s accident.

译文：我们是以10比1赢得比赛并且我被评为最有价值的球员，但我经常做疯狂的梦，在梦中我因为Miller的事故而受责备。

分析：本句是由but连接的两个并列分句，在后一个分句中包含了一个in which引导的定语从句。

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48、( 2016全国新课标丙卷语法填空)

Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the development of chopsticks.

译文：一些人认为这位生活在公元前约551-479年的中国伟大学者孔子影响了筷子的发展。 分析：本句的主干为Some people think that Confucius influenced the development of chopsticks，其中that引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中包含了一个who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词Confucius。

49、(2015全国新课标Ⅰ阅读理解B篇)

Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown’s Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where —— luckily for me —— I was planning to have dinner that very night.

译文：眼前的西红柿令我欣喜不已，当我听说布朗的格鲁夫农场是杰克达斯蒂餐厅的供应商之一时，我更加高兴了。杰克达斯蒂餐厅是萨拉索塔丽思卡尔顿酒店新开张的一家餐厅——我感到很幸运——那天晚上我计划去那吃晚饭。

分析：as引导的是让步状语从句，从句用了倒装结构，表语前置；when引导的是时间状语从句；在时间状语从句中包含了由where引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词restaurant。

50、(2015全国新课标Ⅰ阅读理解C篇)

The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. 译文：巴黎的蓬皮社中心正在展出200多幅油画、雕塑和素描等作品，以此表达对这位艺术家及其伟大人格的尊敬和钦佩。

分析： The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration…为句子的主干，bringing together ...是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰an exhibition。

51、(2015全国新课标Ⅰ阅读理解D篇)

If life weren’t a battle, people wouldn’t need a special place just to speak.

译文：如果人生不是一场战争，人们也不会需要一个仅仅去说话的特殊场所了。

分析：本句If引导的条件状语从句用了虚拟语气；主句中的just to speak作定语修饰place。

52、(2015全国新课标Ⅰ阅读七选五)

But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.

译文：但如果一段关系中缺乏信任，过错之人不为错误负责，你也无法获得成功。

分析：本句中when引导的是时间状语从句；that引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词a lack of trust。此外，句中还包含一个where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词action。

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53、(2015全国新课标Ⅱ阅读理解B篇)

Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less self-conscious(难为情) when they’re in poorly lit places —— and so more likely to eat lots of food. 译文：黑暗的环境更容易鼓励过量饮食，因为人们在灯光昏暗的地方很少会难为情—— 所以更可能吃大量的食物。

分析：本句中for引导表示原因的分句，分句中less self-conscious和后面的so more likely to eat lots of food是并列表语，分句中还有一个由when引导的时间状语从句。

54、(2015全国新课标Ⅱ阅读理解C篇)

The gap-year phenomenon originated(起源) with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year.

译文：间隔年现象起源于牛津大学和剑桥大学申请在11月份入学考试至下一学年开始前空出的那几个月时间。

分析：本句中，句子主干是The gap-year phenomenon originated(起源) with the months，left over to Oxbridge applicants是过去分词短语作后置定语， between…and…是介词短语作定语，修饰的都是the months。

55、(2015全国新课标Ⅱ阅读七选五)

No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.

译文：没人能说哪个品牌最适合你或你穿哪一双脚最舒服，因此在购买时，你不得不根据你的经验和对每一双鞋的感觉。

分析：本句是由so连接的两个并列句；which引导的是宾语从句，作say的宾语；as you shop是由as引导的时间状语从句。

56、(2014全国新课标Ⅰ阅读理解A篇)

The challenge invites, even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world.

译文：这个挑战赛邀请，甚至挑战5到14岁的在校生创作艺术品或写一篇文章，来展示他们的好奇心，并告诉我们它如何激发他们去探索自我世界。

分析：that引导定语从句，在定语从句中，their curiosity和how引导的从句并列作show的宾语。

57、(2014全国新课标Ⅰ阅读理解B篇)

It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point, there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons – a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant birds in the world.

译文：据统计，当旅鸽数量达到最多时，曾超过了30亿只，这个数量相当于美国鸟类总数的24%-40%，使旅鸽成为世界上数量最为庞大的鸟类。

分析：本句在“It be+过去分词+that从句”结构；从句中含有when引导的时间状语从句；3 billion passenger pigeons和 a number equal…是同位关系。此外，还有一个现在分词短语“making…”作结果状语。

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58、(2014全国新课标Ⅰ阅读理解C篇)

This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best , the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information . 译文：这让我陷入无休无止的烦恼之中，因为当所有的专家们都在忙着辩论哪个选择最好时，那些想改善自己生活的人们却被所有这些矛盾的信息弄得困惑不堪。

分析：本句中because引导的是原因状语从句，从句中while引导的是时间状语从句；此外，which引导宾语从句，作about的宾语；who引导宾语从句，修饰先行词people。

59、(2014全国新课标Ⅰ阅读七选五)

By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds. 译文：不管未来如何变化，帮助他们开发经典的技能会对他们大有帮助的。

分析：that引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词skills；从句中还含有一个no matter what引导的状语从句。

60、(2014全国新课标Ⅱ阅读理解A篇)

He reported the case to the police and then sat there, lost and lonely in a strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one

译文：他向警方报了案，然后失落孤独地坐在一个陌生的城市里，想着要在一个遥远的国家把所有的材料重新整理是多么的麻烦，而同时他还要试着在一个新的国家安顿下来。

分析：句子的主干是He reported the case to the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in strange city在此处为形容词短语，作补语，用来补充形容主语he当时的心情。thinking of…为现在分词短语作状语，在现在分词短语中，organized为过去分词作get的宾补，from a distant country为介词短语作状语。此外，while trying to settle down in a new one为时间状语。

61、(2014全国新课标Ⅱ阅读七选五)

The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I’m already hungry and there’s nothing ready to eat .

译文：当我已经饿了却没有准备好可以吃的东西的时候，我认为做饭是一种痛苦。

分析：第一个when引导定语从句，修饰先行词moment，“cooking…”为宾语从句，作think的宾语；后面的when引导的从句由and连接的两个并列句构成，作句子的表语。

62、(2013全国新课标ⅠC篇)

However, he then went on to talk about Mr Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all. I sensed that I was talking to a book liar.

译文：但是他接下来谈论奥巴马的方式表明他对奥巴马的背景一无所知。

分析：本句中in a way为介词短语作方式状语；which引导的定语从句修饰先行词way；he had no idea of his background at all为省略了引导词that的宾语从句，作suggested的宾语。

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