八年级英语下册Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom短语语法知识点汇总

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room

一、必背短语

Section A 部分 1.倒垃圾 3.叠你的衣服 5.在外面待得晚 7.随时，在任何时刻 9.扔下 11.一…就… 13.把…借给 take out the rubbish 2.打扫地板 fold your clothes stay out late any minute now throw down as soon as lend…to… 4.整理你的床铺 6.出去吃完饭 8.乱七八糟 10.一直 12.向…借 14.惊讶地 Section B 部分 1.浪费时间 3.上好大学 a waste of time get into a 2.在…上花时间 good 4.为了… spend time on… in order to sweep the floor make your bed go out for dinner in a mess all the time borrow…from… in surprise university 5.对某人来说没有必要做… 7.为某人提供某物 9. 依赖、依靠 11.学会独立 There is no need for sb. 6.做家务 to do provide sth for sb 或 provide sb. with sth depend on 10.结果.. as a result It is not enough to do. do chores learn to be independent 12.做…不够 【教材内容解析】

Section A

1. Peter, could you please take out the rubbish? (P. 17)

(1) Could you please...?意为“你能……吗？”，could在此并不是过去式，而是表示一种委婉的语气，please后接动词原形，肯定回答用Sure/Of course/Certainly，也可以用...can，不可以用...could；否定回答用Sorry...并给出理由，也可用...can’t/mustn’t。 ---Could you please help me with my homework?

--Sure./Of course./Certainly./Sorry, I can’t. I’m busy now. (2) take out意为“带出去”，代词作宾语时，要放在take和out之间。 The dog is noisy. Take it out.

2. Could I at least finish watching this show? (P. 18)

(1) at least表示“至少”，反义词为at most“至多”。 The ticket cost at least 200 yuan. (2) finish意为“完成、做好”，后接动词作宾语时，要用doing的形式。

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When are you going to finish your work?

3. Yes, because Mom will be back from shopping any minute now. (P. 18) be back意为“回来”，相当于come back，前者侧重指状态，后者侧重指动作。 She has been back for two days. You came back very late last night. 4. And she won’t be happy if she sees this mess. (P. 18)

mess用作名词，表示“杂乱、不整洁”，常用的短语为：make a mess“搞得一团糟”；in a mess“一团糟”。

The kids make a mess in the bedroom. All the rooms are in a mess. 5. The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over. (P. 19)

(1) the minute意为“一……就”，用来引导时间状语从句，相当于the moment或者as soon as。 I want to see her the minute she arrives. (2) come over意为“过来”。 Can you come over tomorrow?

6. You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house! (P. 19) all the time意为“反复、总是”，强调某段时间内一直在进行和发生的事情。 I have a dog and a cat. They fight all the time. 7. I’m just as tired as you are! (P. 19)

当我们要表示双方某方面(如年龄、身高等)程度相同或不同时，常用as…as或not as/so…as结构，表示“和……一样”或“和……不一样”。如：

Mary is as careful as Linda．玛丽和琳达一样仔细。 He does not run as fast as Tom．他跑步没有汤姆快。

8. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I. (P. 19)

neither did I是“Neither/nor+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”结构，表示前者所描述的否定情况同样适用于后者，neither在此用作副词，表示“也不”。 ---I don’t like this dress. ---Neither do I.

9. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV. (P. 19)

as soon as引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”，要遵从“主将从现”的原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。

I will go as soon as she arrives.

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10. Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? (P. 20) hang out意为“闲逛、闲荡”。 He is hanging out with his friends.

11. Could you please pass me the salt? (P. 20)

pass sb. sth.相当于pass sth. to sb.“把某物递给某人”。 Pass me the book, please.=Pass the book to me please. 12. Could I borrow that book? (P. 20)

borrow此处是及物动词，表示“借进来”，反义词是lend，borrow...from...“从……借入……”。 I often borrow books from the library.

You can borrow some money from your elder brother. 13. Could you lend me some money? (P. 20)

lend表示“借出去”，与borrow“借进来”相对，常用的结构为：lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb. “把某物借给某人”。

He often lends others his car. =He often lend his car to others.

14. I’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes. (P. 20)

when和while引导时间状语从句均表示“当……时候”，when既可以指“时间点”,与瞬间动词连用，也可以指“时间段”，与延续性动词连用（=while）。while表示时间段，因此，while从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词，as强调两个动作同时发生，表示“一边……一边……”。 When he came in, his mother was cooking.

When (While) we were at school, we went to the library every day. Please don't talk so loud while others are working.

Tom’s brother was playing the computer games while Tom was studying hard. Kate listens music as she walks in the park.

【教材内容解析】

Section B

1. Housework is a waste of their time. (P. 22)

a waste of意为“浪费……”，其中waste是名词，意为“浪费”。 翻译：Playing computer games is a waste of time.

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2. The should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university. (P. 22) (1) spend的用法

① sb. spend+时间/金钱+on sth. “在某事上花费多长时间或者多少钱” 翻译：The man spent the whole day on his speech.

____________________________________________________________ 翻译：The family spent 10,000 dollars on their trip.

_____________________________________________________________ ② sb. spend+时间+(in) doing sth. “花费多长时间做某事” 翻译：The boy has spent two hours playing the computer games. _____________________________________________________________ 【拓展】辨析spend, pay, take和cost

spend...on sth./spend...(in) doing spend pay take cost 主语是人 sth. 主语是人 主语是it 主语是物 pay for sth./pay sb. for sth. It takes sb.+时间+to do sth. sth. costs sb.+金钱 (2) in order to意为“为了……”后面跟动词不定式，作目的状语。 in order to可位于句中或者句首

否定：in order not to do sth. 意为“为了不做某事”。 翻译：Tom got up early in order to catch the first bus.

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翻译：In order not to make his mother angry, he decided to give up playing computer games. ____________________________________________________________________

3. Also, when they get older, they will have to do housework so there is no need for them to do it now. (P. 22)

there is no need for sb. to do sth.意为“对某人来说没有必要做某事”。 翻译：There is no need for you to get up so early.

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