人教版八年级英语下册笔记(原创版)

above 在以上 (不接触，不垂直，反义below) The plane flew above the clouds. over 在正上方 (不接触，正垂直上方，反义under) The light is over my head. on 在上面(接触) There is an apple on the table. ill 有病的(作表语)；坏的，邪恶的(作定语) Ill news flies fast. ◇He is ill.他病了◇ill effects不良影响 sick 生病的；作呕的 He is sick with a cold. open up 开拓，开发，展现 I can open up my students’ eyes to the outside world. care for 照料，关心；喜欢 She care for her father in hospital. care about 在乎，在意(否定或疑问句) I don’t care about money. take care of= look after 照料 when,while,as soon as, before,after,until条件状语从句，主句谓动词是将来时，从句谓动词用现在时 If you ask, he’ll help you.◇When I come here, I’ll call you. ◇I’ll tell him as soon as I meet him. 注意：主句为祈使句，主句含情态动词时，从句用一般现在时 You must pay for it if you lose it. Unit 5 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time! Please be careful if you drive a car in the street. have a good time ◇have an excellent time◇have a wonderful time ◇have (great) fun ◇enjoy oneself have a good journey ◇have a good weekend ◇have a good holiday let sb in 让某人进来 let sb do sth 让某人做某事(省to) let’s do sth (建议对方)咱们一起做 let us do sth (请求允许)我们做 half of +单数或不可数词 +单数谓语 Half of them are there. half of +复数词 +复数谓语 Half of the hill is covered with snow. 动词不定式语法 To see is to believe.眼见为实(作主语) I want to be a football player.(作宾语) He asked me to come here in time.(作宾补) [teach,want,tell,allow] They looked for a place to stay. (后置定语) My wish is to become a famous pianist.(作表语) He woke up to find everybody gone.(作状语) Why not +动词原形+其他？=Why don’t you +动词原形+其他？ Why not play football with us?=Why don’t you play football with us? take away拿走 take down取下，记下 take out 拿出 take back收回 take off 拿走，脱下 make (a lot of ) money赚(许多)钱 make noise 发出噪音 make friends 交朋友 make tea 沏茶 make a living谋生 make a sentence造句 make a fire生火 make the bed铺床 部分趋向性动词go,come, leave,arrive,start,stay,return,move,fly等现在进行表将来 She is leaving here soon.她不久将要离开 They are coming soon.他们很快就回来 If 如果(引导条件状语从句) If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I’ll climb the hill. [主将从现] [主从可换位] If 是否(引导宾语从句) He asked if [whether] we wanted a drink. [时态据实而定][宾从位置不可前位] around the world =all over the world 在世界各地 be famous as 以(身份、产地)出名 Einstein was famous as a great scientist. The area is famous as a green tea producing place. 13 / 15 be famous for 以(知识、技能、特征、特产)出名 Einstein was famous for his Theory of Relativity. The area is famous for its green tea.

become 成为 (状态变化、变化持续性，身份职位变化) He became a teacher.

get 变成(逐渐变化状态，天气时间身体情绪等变化,多接形容词比较级) Things are getting worse.

turn 变成(颜色、性质、品质和状态变化，多接形名作表语，当名词作表语前不需加冠词) The leaves turn yellow. grow 生长 (自然渐变) The boy is growing taller and taller.

go/come (系动词,go多指变坏，come多指变好) He went mad. Her dreams came true.

really 确实，真正地 I’m really busy. hard 努力力，强烈地(副词)；难的，硬的，艰苦的(形容词) They all study hard. ◇The problem is too hard. by chance=by accident 偶然，恰巧 take chance抓住机会 strongly强壮地，猛烈地 greatly非常 hardly几乎不 heavily猛烈地=hard all the time 一直，总是(不表反复频度) They are singing all the time.他们一直在唱歌。 always 总是 (频度副词，强调动作反复) at that time在那时◇ at times有时◇at the same time同时◇at all times总是，一直 have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难 have trouble (in) doing 做某有麻烦 have a problem (in) doing sth 做某事有问题 have a good time (in) doing sth 做某事很开心 have fun (in) doing sth做某事很开心 spend some time (in) doing sth 花时间做某事 too much太多(修饰不可数) I’m afraid I’ll give you too much trouble. too many 太多(修饰可数) There ar too many books in the bookshop . much too 实在太 You are much too kind to me．◇It's much too cold．◇You are driving much too fast． in class 在上课，在课堂上 in the class 在班上 in future今后 in the future将来有一日 go to school上学 go to the school到学校去 go to bed就寝 go to the bed向床走去 at table在桌旁吃饭 at the table在桌子旁边 in front of 在(外部) 前面 in the front of 在(内部)前面 against (介词) 反对(反义for)；逆着，顶着(风)；紧靠，倚在 be against one’s will. ◇against the wind逆风◇against the wall靠墙 watch out 小心,当心=look out=take care =be careful dangerous (对别人)有危害的 The road is dangerous. in danger (自己)身处危险中 He is in danger.(处境危险) He is dangerous.(危险人物) dangerous (对别人)有危害的 The road is dangerous. in danger (自己)身处危险中 He is in danger.(处境危险) He is dangerous.(危险人物) out of danger 脱离危险 in order to 为了 in order to +do 为了 He got up early in order to catch the bus. in order that从句 He got up early in order that he could catch the bus. so as to He got up early so as to catch the bus. 14 / 15

Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells? 15 / 15