人教版八年级英语下册笔记(原创版)

experience 经历，体会(可数名词) I experienced many things on the trip. I had a very unusual experience on Sunday. experience 经验(不可数名词) [of/in] He has a lot of teaching expeience. What good weather it is today! = How good the weather is! What a beautiful flower it is! = How beautiful a flower it is! imagine (sb) doing sth ◇imagine sb/oneself +名词/分词/不定式 ◇imagine that/what从句 imagine (凭空)猜想 I can’t imagine leaving all my friends. ◇I imagined that he was a big tall man. guess (瞎)猜 I guess you’ve already known the answer. suppose (依事实探索性)推测 I suppose he is late again. follow 跟随(在后)；听从；遵循；领会 I shall follow him to the school. follow one’s advice. 听从某人意见◇follow the rules(law)遵守规章(法律) I can’t follow you 我没领会你的意思 following =next 下述的 amazed 使(人)感到惊讶的 That’s an amazing performance. amazing (事物)令人吃惊的 He was amazed at the news. cry 大叫，大哭(疼痛、恐惧、惊异、求救) The woman cried out for help. shout 大喊(命令、警告、引起注意) “Stop”, shouted the policeman. shout at 向某人大喊大叫(不友好) Don’t shout at me.别冲我大喊大叫 shout to 向某人高声喊叫(距离远) He shout to me to come over.他大声喊我过去 shout for 因为…而高喊 police (集体名词)警察 The police are looking for him. [类似词family,class,people,group,team] on a/the tree (生长在树上的东西)在树上 There are many apples on the tree. in a/the tree (非生长在树上的东西)在树上 There is a bird in the tree. run out =use up用完 His money soon ran out . run away 逃跑 The mice were running away when the cat got there. anywhere, somewhere, nowhere等有形容词修饰时，修饰词后置 I will go somewhere beautiful in China. another (三个以上不定数目)另一个(泛指) other 其他的(泛指) ene … the other (两个之中)另一个 the other +复名词 (特定范围内)其他的 the others (特定范围内)其他的[后面不能再跟名词] some … others (泛指)其他的 outside 在…外面(介词)；在外面(副词) They are outside the classroom. ◇They are playing outside. out 外面(副词) Let’s go out. finally=in the end 最后 Finally he succeeded. ◇The situation will be better in the end. at last (努力曲折过程) 终于 At last they won their freedom. 9 / 15

sth happens to sb 某人发生了某事 An accident happened to Kate. sb happens to do sth 某人碰巧做某事 The writer happened to be her classmate.那作家碰巧是她同学 happen (客观事物偶然)发生 What happened to him? take place (历史事件或会议发生，化学物理变化预料或计划)发生 The party took place yesterday evening. accident (意外)事故，偶发事件 by accident 偶然，碰巧=by chance event (重大历史事件，日常生活较重要事情，体育赛事重大项目)事件 a interesting event is taking place. at the doctor’s 在诊所 at the butcher’s 在肉店 at the Greens’ 在格林家里 at the dentist’s 在牙医诊所 kill 杀死 murder (隐蔽蓄意)谋杀 die (中性、正常)死亡 [不及物] hear 听见 I heard him singing at that time. hear of =hear about 听说过，提及 I heard of him but I don’t know him. hear from sb收到某某来信 I heard from him yesterday. in silence 无言地；沉默地 in danger 处于危险之中 in trouble 处于困境之中 in good health身体状况好 mean doing 意思是；意味着 The fight of Shen Zhou VII has great meaning to Chinese. Missing the train means waiting for another hour. mean to doing 打算；意欲 I mean to go tomorrow. What do you mean by… ? 你说…的话是什么意思 What do you mean by “VIP” ? not all = all…not 并非所有的… [部分否定] (every,everyone,both,everything) Not all the boys like football. ◇Not everyone can be a writer. none, neither, nor, no one, nothing [全部否定] None of thd students like football. in 表示某年、月、季节或泛指一天某段时间 in spring in◇the morning on 表示具体某天及某天的上午、下午或晚上 on Friday◇on Friday night◇on the morning of May 1 at 表示时间点或较短时期 at 8:00 ◇ at noon在中午 be mad at 对…生气 The old man is mad at the young man. be mad about 对…着迷 Jack is mad about music. Unit 4 He said I was hard-working. in hospital 住院 in the hospital在医院里 go to hospital=go to see a doctor去看病 enter hospital=go to hospital 入院 be out of hospital=leave hospital 出院 not any more =no more 不再(数量、程度) [非延续] He doesn’t live here any more=He no more.live here I no more have money to give you. not any longer=no longer 不再(时间、动作) [延续] He can’t walk any longer. I no longer live in the city. 10 / 15

bring 带来,拿来 (to) I’ll bring Kate to the party. Please bring me some water. take 带走 Please take your dictionary there. get (去)拿来 The woman gets her child from the school. carry 搬，带(无方向性) He was carrying a box at that time. first 第一 You go first, and I’ll follow. first of all 首先 First of all, you should wash the fruits. at first 起初(强调起初，暗示事情发生变化) At first, I found it was difficult to understand him. pass 传递、传送；通过(考试) pass sb sth= pass sth to sb ◇He passed the exam. pass throught/by 经过，穿过 They passed through the forest. pass on 继续传递 When he got the message, he passed it on to others. have a message for sb有某人一个口信 give sb a message给某人一个口信 take a message for sb为某人捎个口信 leave a message for sb 给某人留个口信 message 口信 I went a message to him with my mobile yesterday. news 报道的新闻事件 There are some interesting pieces of news in the newspaper. information (学习观察调查等方式得到的)信息 We can get more information from the Internet. be supposed to do sth 被要求做某事，应该做某事 You are not supposed to talk loudly in class. suppose +宾语从句 假定，猜测 Let’s suppose (that) the news is true. suppose/think/believe等后跟宾语从句时，主句的主语为第一人称，反义疑问句宾语从句一致。 I suppose she is serious, isn’t she? ◇He think I looks like his father, does he? suppose疑问句简略回答 Yes, I suppose so. ◇No, I suppose not或No, I don’t suppose so. Do you suppose he will come? –No, I suppose not/don’t suppose so. 直接引语变间接引语：[去掉引号加that，一般疑问加if,动词改为ask，特殊疑问变陈述，丢助动词，句末用句号] ①人称变化：主语看一人称，宾语看二人称，不变三人称 She said “ My brother wants to go with me tomorrow.” —She said that her brother wanted to go with her the next day. Jack said to me,” You look worried today.” --Jack told me that I looked worried that day. The teacher asked, “ Has she read enough this week?” The teacher asked if she had read enough that week. ②时态：时态向后退一步：一般现在变过去，过去完成时不变 ③指代、时状、地状、动词： this—that these –--those now----then today----that day yesterday----the day before tomorrow----the next/following day ago---before here----there come----go He said,”Did you see him last night.”—He asked (me ) if/whether I had seen him the night before. “What can I do for you?” he asked me.---He asked (me ) what he could do for me. 注意不变规则：客观真理，确切过去时间状语，经常发生习惯性动作，引述事实 He said to us,”The earth is round.” ---He told us that the earth is round. He said, “I was born in 1989.” ----He said he was born in 1989. She said, ”I always get up early in the morning.”----She said that she always gets up early in the morning. John said,”My uncle is a doctor.”----John said that his uncle is a doctor. 11 / 15

be good at 擅长于 He is good at French. do well in 具体某次事情干得好 He does well in drawing. [do better in 在方面做得更好] be good for 对…有益处 Doing eye exercises every day is good for your eyes. be bad for 对…有害处 be good to 对…友好 =be kind /friendly/nice to He is good to kids. How’s it going?一切还好吗？◇How’s everything (going)? ◇How are you? 回答：Very well!很好◇Not too bad.不太坏◇Just so-so.马马虎虎 hope to do (未来愿望可能实现) hope for sth hope that从句 be in good/bad/poor health 健康/不健康 keep in good health保持健康 keep(stay) healthy 保持健康 wish to do (希望祝愿可能实现不了) wish sb to do wish for sth wish sb/sth wish that从句 have a hard time with sth 费事 have a hard time (in) doing sth have a difficult time have problems, have trouble, have difficulty the semester =the term 学期 luck幸运----lucky幸运的----luckily幸运地 copy 抄写(动词)；复制份，一份(名词) Did you get your copy of China Daily? get over 克服；恢复；原谅 Can you get over that problem？ real 客观真实存在,非虚构 true 与事实相符，合情合理，非虚假 disappointing (物)令人失望的 disappointed (人)感到失望的 if、whether 表“是否”时只能用whether,不能用if 的情形 ①whether …or not It does not matter whether he will come or not. ②介词+whether Everything depends on whether we have enough money. ③whether放句首 Whether it is right or wrong, I don’t know. ④whether 引导主语从句、表语从句 I wonder whether to go. habit (个人)习惯 start a bad habit 形成坏习惯 get the habit of doing sth 养成…习惯 have a habit of doing sth 有做…习惯 custom (社会、国家)风俗、习惯 own 自己的(形容词)；拥有(动词) Now many people own their own cars. change one’s life 改变某人的人生 change one’s mind改变某人的主意 change into=turn into 变成 change v.换衣服(药、座、钱)；n.零钱 12 / 15