Issue题库和翻译 全部244题

Issue题库和翻译 全部244题

When you take the analytical writing section of the GRE General Test, you will be presented with two Issue topics from this pool. Because the wording of some topics in the test might vary slightly from what is presented here, you should read your test topics carefully and respond to the wording as it appears in the actual test.

1. \from people whose views we share than from people whose views contradict our own; disagreement can cause stress and inhibit learning.\通常，我们从与我们意见相同的人身上学到的要比从那些与我们意见相悖的人身上学的东西要多得多；（因为）意见不统一会带来压力并且阻碍学习。

统一与分歧之（与我们）持相同意见者和持不同意见者对学习的作用

意见相同可以鼓励人们学习的积极性，人们更愿意从和自己意见相同的人身上学习；使人们盲目自信，看不到自己的缺点而阻碍进步，和自己相同的人知识面有限制 意见不同可以找出学习中的不足；打击人们的信心，带来压力阻碍进步 ------------------------------

2. \归根结底，竞争对于社会是利多弊少。 竞争对于社会的优点和缺点 竞争可以

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3. \long-term research that might help future generations.\

与其花钱进行可能有助于后代的长期性研究，还不如把钱花在迫在眉睫，已经存在的社会问题上。

当务之急和百年大计的关系 ------------------------------

4. \to that field of study.\

在任何一个研究领域当中，除非有该领域之外的人引进他们的知识和经验，否则该领域就很难获得巨大的发展。

Outsider: a person does not belong to a particular group 闭门造车，旁观者清 ------------------------------

5. \nation should require all its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college rather than allow schools in different parts of the nation to determine which academic courses to offer.\

一个国家应该要求所有的学生在进入大学之前都学习由国家统一制定的课程，而不是允许由国家不同地区的学校去决定课程的安排。 国家统一和地区单独安排课程 ------------------------------

6. \了解当代文明最有效的途径就是去分析当代年轻人的潮流。 文明潮流和年轻人潮流的关系。 ------------------------------

7. \has become a more important form of documentation than written records.\ 摄像机可以通过如此精确而有力的记录手段来再现当代生活，因此它已经代替书面记录成为了

一种更重要的记录手段。

记录手段：现代摄像机和印刷术 ------------------------------

8. \is often necessary, even desirable, for political leaders to withhold information from the public.\

对于政治领导者来说，向人大众隐瞒信息通常是必要的，甚至有益的。 少数和多数的关系之true lies, the truth is out there. ------------------------------

9. \narrow audience. Until scholars can reach a wider audience, their ideas will have little use.\

近些年来，学科已经细化到了相当的程度以至于学者们的理念只影响小范围的人群。除非学者们能拥有影响等大范围的人群，否则他们的理念将几乎毫无用处。 过分专业化问题 overspecialization ------------------------------

10. \to thrive, because it is primarily in cities that a nation's cultural traditions are preserved and generated.\

政府必须要确保主要城市发展所需的财政支持，因为一个国家的文化传统主要是在城市中得以保存和发展。

城市和国家的关系之文化传统 ------------------------------

11. \nations should help support the development of a global university designed to engage students in the process of solving the world's most persistent social problems.\ 所有的国家都应该支持发展一所全球性的大学，它的主要目的是要让学生们致力于解决世界上最难缠的社会问题。

全球化问题之全球解难大学 ------------------------------

12. \internal characteristic.\

人们的态度更多的是由临时的情况或者环境所决定，而非人们自身的特点。 心理问题之冲动和可预测 ------------------------------

13. \of the world's lesser-known languages are being lost as fewer and fewer people speak them. The governments of countries in which these languages are spoken should act to prevent such languages from becoming extinct.\

世界上很多的小语种都快要消失了，因为越来越少的人在使用这些语言。使用这些小语种的国家应该采取行动以防止这样的语言逐渐销声匿迹。 反全球化问题之小语种与政府保护 ------------------------------

14. \literature.\

每个人都应该阅读诗歌、小说、神话以及各种各样的想象文学。 想象文学与人

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15. \ 一个社会的稳定取决于该社会对人们极端行为所作出的反应。 抽象型题目

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16. \many people think that the luxuries and conveniences of contemporary life are entirely harmless, in fact, they actually prevent people from developing into truly strong and

independent individuals.\

尽管许多人认为现代生活的奢华和便利是丝毫没有坏处的，但是这实际上让人们无法成为真正强大和独立的个体。 社会和个人之发展问题 ------------------------------

17. \obey just laws and, even more importantly, to disobey and resist unjust laws.\

有两种法律：公正的和不公正的。每个社会成员都有责任遵守公正的法律，但是更重要的是，更应该不遵守和反抗不公正的法律。 社会和个人之法律公正么？ ------------------------------

18. \one really discover the value of that idea.\

只有通过排除异议和对照其他的观点来捍卫一个理念，人们才能真正的发现该理念的价值所在。

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19. \citizens.\

如果一个社会要繁荣就必须将社会整体的成败置于单个社会成员的幸福之上。 少数和多数之成

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20. \ services to children than to adults.\

任何一个国家的政府都应该为孩子而不是为建设更多的社会项目和服务。 孩子和之社会建设

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21. \is seldom brought about by people who are concerned with their own reputation and social standing. Those who are really in earnest about reforming a government, an educational system, or any other institution must be willing to be viewed with disdain by the rest of the world.\ 改革几乎从来都不是由那些关心自己声誉和社会地位的人发起的。那些真正热衷于政府改革、教育改革和其他机构改革的人们一定都是甘于被他人轻视的。 沽名钓誉 distain:

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22. \for example) have caused them to think and behave in the way they do. Yet it is always society as a whole that defines us and our attitudes, not a few individuals.\

很多人认为只是一些个人或者小团体（比如家庭、朋友、老师、名人）促成了他们的思维和行动。其实一直以来不是一些个人而是社会作为一个整体在定义我们和我们的态度。 少数和多数之定义人生 ------------------------------

23. \people have become so preoccupied with bits of fragmented information that they pay too little attention to the larger issues and overall perspectives.\现代技术使获得大量细节信息成为可能。其结果是人们全神贯注于七零八碎的信息而很少去注意更大的问题和全局。 少数和多数之细节信息 ------------------------------

24. %use of that power.\

当掌握权力的人们试图小心而节制的使用权力时，他们是最有效率的。 过犹不及

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25. \move in the opposite direction—in other words, to make things as simple as possible.\

任何人都可以把事情简单复杂化，但是需要真正努力和勇气的恰恰相反，也就是说应该把事情变得尽可能的简单。 复杂和简单

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26. \a valuable record of any society's past, but controversy arises when old buildings stand on ground that modern planners feel could be better used for modern purposes. In such situations, modern development should be given precedence over the preservation of historic buildings so that contemporary needs can be served.\ 大多数人都同意一个社会的建筑物代表了它有价值的历史纪录，但是当现代规划者们觉得这些以前的建筑物所占据的土地可以被更有价值的使用于新目的时，就产生了争议，现代发展应该比保留历史建筑物更受重视以便于满足眼下的需求。 过去和现在之建筑物 ------------------------------

27. \conventional ways of thinking.\

这个世界上没有人能够靠墨守陈规（行动或者思维上的）而获得成。 新手和老手之墨守成规和成 ------------------------------

28. \help explain those facts. Students who have learned only facts have learned very little.\

学生们在记忆知识的时候应该先学习有助于解释那些知识的理念、潮流和概念。仅仅死学知识的学生是学不到什么东西的。 局部和整体之触类旁通 ------------------------------

29. \their private lives. When they seek a public role, they should expect that they will lose at least some of their privacy.\

像演员、政治家和运动员这样的公众人物应该预料到大众会对他们的私生活感兴趣。当他们希望受人瞩目的时候就应该至少预期到会失去一些隐私（被大众得知一些隐私）。 少数和多数之公众人物的隐私 ------------------------------

30. \everyone has more leisure time.\

技术进步的首要目标应该是提高人们的效率以便于每个人都享有更多的闲暇时光。 技术进步之空闲时刻 ------------------------------

31. \spent on research is almost always a good investment, even when the results of that research are controversial.\

花在研究上的资金基本上都是不错的投资，即使研究的结果是有争议的。 现实和理想

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32. \school or college should pay its teachers at the same rate in all disciplines, regardless of differences in salaries for related fields in the world outside of school. For example, entry-level teachers in mathematics and in the arts should receive the same pay, even if outside of school, math specialists earn a much higher salary on average than do specialists in the arts.\