影视节目制作外文翻译文献

影视节目制作外文翻译文献

对于第一种困难，就必须利用别的东西来模仿拍摄的对象，常用的手段包括制作模型，利用对人的化妆来模仿其它生物以及计算机的3D动画，实际上3D计算机动画也是一种模型，只不是它是存在在计算机中的虚拟模型而已。总之要解决这类问题，需要用一种无中生有的办法。

对于第二种困难解决的方法就是合成。既然拍摄的对象都是存在的，就可以单独拍摄他们，然后在分别把拍摄的这些画面合成起来。过去，合成主要依靠特效摄影和冲印时的技巧来完成，但计算机数字合成技术的快速发展使这些方式都相形落伍了。在近年来特效电影的迅速发展，并带动了整个电影工业的成长。计算机数字合成技术与3D计算机动画有很大的差别，它本身不是无中生有的一种技术，而是利用已有的素材画面进行组合，同时可以对画面进行大量的修饰、美化。可以说是一种锦上添花的一种技术。对于电视节目来说，我们经常可以看到这样的画面，画面本身就是由很多没有关联的物体组合而成，显然不是透过拍摄，而是透过合成得以的。例如很多电视片头，广告，MTV等节目就是如此。这时合成的首要逃条件不是真实感，而是纯粹的审美和形式感，但从合成的技术方式来说与拟真的合成没有太大的差别。经由以上的介绍，我们大致总结出影视后期制作的样貌：利用实景拍摄所得到的素材，透过3D计算机动画和合成的技术来制作特效镜头，然后把镜头剪接组合在一起，形成完整的影片，并且为影片制作声音。在以下图中我们可以看到电视数字后期制作的基本流程。目前大部份的电视节目，比如广告、片头、MTV、电视剧等都是按这样的工作方式制作出来的，但在合成的过程中必须符合以下要求： （一） 画面干净

画面干净包括以下几个方面：

影视节目制作外文翻译文献

1、没有夹帧 就是完整镜头连接，中间没有多余的东西。我们在剪辑时如果在镜头结束时没有剪，后面带着下一个镜头的内容，而这些东西是由于失误加上的，我们并不需要。这就是夹帧。还有我们在连接两个镜头时，中间没有连接好有黑场，这也是夹帧。通常在剪辑时，很重要的一个任务就是把画面剪干净。

2、镜头完整镜头的剪辑方式有动接动、静接静两种方式。动接这里就不多说了，静接时镜头必须完整。静止镜头要保持一定的长度，比如中景5-8秒。运动镜头必须有起幅、落幅。

3、动镜头最后必须定下来，动镜头不能称为结束画面，所以剪辑点动的镜头最后必须静止下来。即使使用动接，最后一个镜头也必须静下来。主体停止运动，或者出画。 （二）声音干净

这是新手在剪辑中通常被忽略的内容，包括几个方面: 1、话要完整

无论是现场原音还是旁白，不能让人说半句话。 2、声音要纯净

特别嘈杂的声音不能使用，必须让观众听明白。 3、声音的音量高低要合适

一个节目的音量要统一，不能有高有低。

背景音乐的音量比例要合适，不能让背景音乐的声音影响到说话的声音

影视节目制作外文翻译文献

原文出处：John Wiley & Sons.Press,Mark Gerhard Jeffrey M . Harper.Mastering Autodesk 3ds Max Design 2011[M].Publisher: John Wiley & Sons,2012.22-32.

In the early period of the video filming and

post-production

Film and television media has become the most popular, the most influential media type. From created the fantasy world of Hollywood movies to television news focus on the reality of life, into a frenzy of television advertising, which profoundly affects our world. In the past, film and television program production is only professional work, seems to be gathering cover with a layer of mysterious veil.For decades, digital technology comprehensively in the process of film and television production, calculator gradually replaced many of the original film and television equipment, in film and television production each link has played a very important role. But until recently, the use of film and television production has always been extremely expensive specialized hardware and software, non-professional personnel it is difficult to have the chance to see these equipment, let alone familiar with the tools to create their own works. As the PC performance significantly increased and the lower price, film and television production from the previous level of professional hardware equipment to gradually shift on PC

影视节目制作外文翻译文献

platform, the original value is extremely high professional software gradually transplanted to the PC platform, the price also becomes more and more popular.At the same time, the application of film and television production, film and television from the professional field expanded to computer games, multimedia, network, home entertainment, such as wider areas. Many practitioners in these fields and a lot of movie and TV fans can now be used his computer to make his film and television programmes.

Many people come into contact with the film and television programme production, starts from the 3 d computer animation, until now, to understand and master the 3 d computer animation production personnel many, introduce the many books, too, for the film and television post-production, most people don't know, books are less, and generally only care about a software operation, basic process and principle for the film and television post-production has not very seriously, hope I can through this book, readers can not only understand and master the use of software, but also to the whole process of film and television post-production has a more comprehensive understanding. A profile of film and television post-production：

Film and television program production is a quite complex process. Due to the diversity of film and television program itself, made from expensive movie-making to personal home videos, it could not be more