陕西省西北工业大学附属中学2019届高三英语第十二次适应性训练试题(含解析)

to believe it’s medicine rather than time that deserves the credit, USA Today reported.

It still seems hard to believe that we can deal with more serious diseases yet are powerless against something so common as a cold. Recently, scientists came closer to figuring out why. To understand it, you first need to know how antiviral(抗病毒的) drugs work. They attack the virus by attaching to and changing the surface structures of the virus. To do that, the drug must fit and lock into the virus like the right piece of a jigsaw(拼图), which means scientists have to identify the virus and build a 3-D model to study its surface before they can design an antiviral drug that is effective enough.

The two cold viruses that scientists had long known about were rhinovirus(鼻病毒) A and B.But they didn’t find out about the existence of a third virus, rhinovirus C, until 2006. All three of them contribute to the common cold, but drugs that work well against rhinovirus A and B have little effect when used against C.

“This explains most of the previous failures of drug trials against rhinovirus,” study leader Professor Ann Palmenberg at University of Wisconsin-Madison, US, told Science Daily.

Now, more than 10 years after the discovery of rhinovirus C, scientists have finally built a highly-detailed 3-D model of the virus, showing that the surface of the virus is, as expected, different from that of other cold viruses.

With the model in hand, hopefully a real cure for a common cold is on its way. Soon, we may no longer have to waste our money on medicines that don’t really work. 32. What does the author think of popular remedies for a common cold? A. They are quite effective. C. They still need to be improved. 33. How do antiviral drugs work? A. By breaking up cold viruses directly.

B. By changing the surface structures of the cold viruses. C. By preventing colds from developing into serious diseases. D. By absorbing different kinds of cold viruses at the same time.

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B. They are slightly helpful. D. They actually have no effect.

34. What can we infer from the passage?

A. The surface of cold viruses looks quite similar.

B. Scientists have already found a cure for the common cold.

C. Scientists were not aware of the existence of rhinovirus C until recently. D. Knowing the structure of cold viruses is the key to developing an effective cure. 35. What is the best title for this passage? A. Drugs against cold viruses C. No current cure for common cold 【答案】32. D 33. B 34. D 35. C 【解析】

这是一篇新闻报道。人们对待普通感冒有不同的方法。然而，关于普通感冒有一个残酷的事实:没有什么能真正治愈它。 【32题详解】

细节理解题。由第一段“Yet here is the tough truth about the common cold: nothing really cures it”可知，然而，关于普通感冒，有一个残酷的事实：没有什么能真正治愈它。所以作者认为普通感冒的流行疗法实际上没有效果。故选D项。 【33题详解】

细节理解题。由第三段“ They attack the virus by attaching to and changing the surface structures of the virus”可知，抗病毒药物通过附着和改变病毒的表面结构来攻击病毒。所以抗病毒药物是通过改变感冒病毒的表面结构来发挥其攻击病毒的作用。故选B项。 【34题详解】

推理判断题。由第三段“To do that, the drug must fit and lock into the virus like the right piece of a jigsaw(拼图), which means scientists have to identify the virus and build a 3-D model to study its surface before they can design an antiviral drug that is effective enough”可知，科学家们识别病毒并建立3 d模型研究其表面才能设计一个足够有效的抗病毒药物。所以推断出,了解感冒病毒的结构是开发有效治疗方法的关键。故选D项。

【35题详解】

主旨大意题。由第一段“Yet here is the tough truth about the common cold: nothing really cures it. 以及最后段Soon, we may no longer have to waste our money on medicines that

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B. Helpful home remedies D. Research on cold viruses

don’t really work”可知，然而，关于普通感冒，有一个残酷的事实：没有什么能真正治愈它。很快，我们就不用再把钱浪费在根本不起作用的药物上了。所以文章开头段落点明主题，和最后一段相呼应，使我们了解到目前我们没有药物能真正治愈普通感冒。所以短文最佳标题为“目前还没有治疗普通感冒的方法”。故选C项。

第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

It can be definitely terrifying to fall through ice on a frozen lake. ____36____In fact, there is more time to help you survive than you think.

As you first hit the freezing water, you will almost breathe quickly at once. Remember to get control of your breathing and not to move around. ____37____This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing, ten minutes to move before you get too cold. The final one is to remind you that it will take one hour before you become unconscious.

Take that first minute and fully focus on your breathing. Slow it down, and then look around to see if you can locate the thickest area of ice. When you locate the ice, stretch your arms over the surface, and then begin to flutter-kick(上下打水)until your body becomes horizontal with the surface. ____38____.

It is possible that you can live for several hours after passing out. This, however, does require some planning. You only have about 10 minutes before your muscles and nerves become too cold to work. Besides, what if you feel too weak to go on and you cannot get out?____39____The point is to encourage your coat to freeze to the ice, so that if you lose consciousness, you will keep your head out of ice.

____40____.

A. Remember that you should always stay off ice that’s only 3 inches. B. Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still. C. It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”. D. However, if you remain calm, it can save your life.

E. Remove any clothing or heavy objects that are weighting you down. F. Thus you will remain visible for rescue, even if you pass out.

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G. Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water. 【答案】36. D 37. C 38. G 39. B 40. F 【解析】 【分析】

本文是一篇说明文，当人们掉进冰冷的湖泊以后，只要我们保持镇定，就可以幸存下来。文章详细介绍了冬天落水求生的具体做法。 【36题详解】

横线前一句告诉我们掉进冰冷的湖泊里非常可怕，但是只要我们保持镇定，就可以救回性命。会有比你认为的更多的时间逃生。D项“However, if you remain calm, it can save your life.”符合上下文语境，所以选择D项。 【37题详解】

横线后一句“This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing, ten minutes to move before you get too cold.”在解释“1-10-1 principle”，C项“It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”.符合上下文语境，所以选择C项。 【38题详解】

横线前一句“When you locate the ice, stretch your arms over the surface, and then begin to flutter-kick(上下打水)until your body becomes horizontal with the surface.”告诉我们伸展胳膊打水直到你的身体露出水面，然后再努力从水里爬出来。G项“Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.”符合上下文语境，所以选择G项。

【39题详解】

横线后一句“he point is to encourage your coat to freeze to the ice, so that if you lose consciousness, you will keep your head out of ice.”告诉我们这样做可以让上衣结冰，让我们的头部在水面之上，保持呼吸。B项“Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still.”意为“让胳膊在冰面之上保持不动”，与后句语义一致，所以选择B项。 【40题详解】

横线前一句“…you will keep your head out of ice.”告诉我们这样做可以让上衣结冰，

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