2019届外研版高考英语一轮复习练习：必修3Module3知能演练轻松闯关含答案解析

Ⅰ 阅读理解

A

(2018·江西赣中南五校联考)In its early history，Chicago had floods frequently，especially in the spring，making the streets so muddy that people，horses and carts got stuck.An old joke that was popular at the time went like this：A man is stuck up to his waist in a muddy Chicago street.Asked if he needs help，he replies，“No，thanks.I’ve got a good horse under me.”

The city planner decided to build an underground drainage(排水) system，but there simply wasn’t enough difference between the height of the ground level and the water level.The only two options were to lower the Chicago River or raise the city.

An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt.This raised the level of the city’s streets by as much as 12 feet.

This of course created a new problem：dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago.Building owners were faced with a choice：either change the first floors of their buildings into basements，and the second stories into mainfloors，or hoist(吊起) the entire buildings to meet the new street level.Small wood-frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily.But what about large，heavy structures like the Tremont Hotel, which was a six-story brick building?

That’s where George Pullman came in.He had developed some house-moving skills successfully.To lift a big structure like the Tremont Hotel，Pullman would place thousands of jackscrews(螺旋千斤顶) beneath the building’s foundation.One man was assigned to operate each section of roughly 10 jackscrews.At Pullman’s sign each man turned his jackscrews by the same amount at the same time，thereby raising the building slowly and evenly.Astonishingly，the Tremont Hotel stayed open during the entire operation，and many of its guests didn’t even notice anything was happening.Some people like to say that every problem has a solution. But in Chicago’s early history, every engineering solution seemed to create a new problem.Now that Chicago’s waste water was draining efficiently into the Chicago River，the city’s next step was to clean the polluted river.

【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了芝加哥为了应对洪水泛滥的问题而实行了一些解决方案的故事。

1．The author mentions the joke in Paragraph 1 to show________． A．horses were fairly useful in Chicago B．Chicago’s streets were extremely muddy C．Chicago was very dangerous in the spring D．the Chicago people were particularly humorous

B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“In its early history，Chicago had floods frequently，especially in the spring，making the streets so muddy that people，horses and carts got stuck.”可推知，作者提及这个笑话是为了表明芝加哥的街道非常泥泞，故选B。

2．The city planners were convinced by Ellis Chesbrough to________． A．get rid of the street dirt B．lower the Chicago River C．fight against heavy floods D．build the pipes above ground

D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt.”可知，Ellis Chesbrough 让城市规划者相信在地上建管道才能解决洪水泛滥所带来的问题，故选D。

3．What can we conclude about the moving operation of the Tremont Hotel? A．It went on smoothly as intended. B．It interrupted the business of the hotel. C．It involved Pullman in turning ten jackscrews. D．It separated the building from its foundation.

A 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段内容可推知，用螺旋千斤顶把the Tremont Hotel升高的事项进展顺利，故选A。

4．The passage is mainly about the early Chicago’s________． A．popular lifestyles and their influences B．environmental disasters and their causes C．engineering problems and their solutions D．successful businessmen and their achievements

C 解析：主旨大意题。结合全文可知，本文主要讲的是早期芝加哥如何应对洪水泛滥的问题的故事，故选C。

B

(2018·淄博模拟)When Columbus “sailed the ocean blue in 1492” he wasn’t looking for America.He was searching for a route from Spain to China；America just got in the way.

The Spanish were after the riches of Asia：silk，dates，spices.Until later adventurers discovered how to sail to the Far East，trade with China depended on the Silk Road.The trade between China and Europe brought huge wealth，so the Spanish had a strong desire to find a new way to the East.Eventually a way appeared；as sea traffic developed from the 17th Century onwards，the overland route diminished．

Now China is seeking to revive(复兴) the Silk Road and is preparing to invest 4 trillion pounds in new roads，rail links，oil pipelines and other basic facilities.It is hoped that goods can be shipped westwards by land far more quickly and economically than by sea.

But the plan is also to attract more tourists.Actually，China does pretty well for tourists already；it’s the world’s fourth most visited country.Two cities—Beijing and Shanghai—possess the tourism business，with significant interest in destinations such as Xi’an and Chengdu.While Beijing is modern，cities such as Lanzhou and Dunhuang have one foot planted firmly in old China.

Other places featured include Xi’an，the former capital of China，where you can come face to face with the Terracotta Army built to protect China’s first emperor in the afterlife.From Lanzhou tour members take the train to Jiayuguan，China’s western gateway and a key location on the Silk Road.

There is also a four-day coach journey along the original Silk Route through the Xinjiang region to Kashgar.Along the way，at Kurla，you can visit the ruins of the Iron Fortress.

【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。在古代，丝绸之路促进了东西方商品和文化的交流，后来没落了。但是最近几年，中国复兴丝绸之路的计划使它又焕发了活力、魅力。

5．What does the underlined word“diminished” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Discovered. C．Disturbed.

B．Disappeared. D．Displayed.

B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段最后两句中的“the Spanish had a strong desire to find a new way to the East.Eventually a way appeared；as sea traffic developed from the 17th Century onwards”可知，当时西班牙人找到了一条更快、更方便的通往中国的海路，因此随着海上贸易的发展，那条陆地上的丝绸之路逐渐废弃、消失不见了。由此可推断出，“diminish”应意为“消失”。故选B。

6．What is the purpose of reviving the Silk Road? A．To rebuild the ruins of the Iron Fortress. B．To construct new roads and other basic structures. C．To make transportation westwards faster and cheaper.

D．To draw more inland tourists’ attention to the western gateway.

C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，这是为了更快、更便宜地将商品输送至西方。故选C。

7．What can we learn about the Silk Road? A．It is nothing but a trade route.

B．It may destroy some cities’ ancient style.

C．It attracts foreign investment of ￡4 trillion. D．It promotes the tourism industry of China.

D 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，复兴丝绸之路也是为了吸引更多的游客，促进中国旅游业的发展。故选D。

8．What is the best title for the text? A．The Charming of the Silk Road B．The Function of the Silk Road C．The Origin of the Silk Road D．The Future of the Silk Road

A 解析：标题归纳题。根据文章内容可判断出，本文主要讲述的是：在最近几年，丝绸之路又焕发出了魅力和活力，它不仅方便了商品的运输，而且促进了中国旅游业的发展。A项体现了本文的主题，适合用作标题。故选A。

Ⅱ 完形填空

(2018·山西考前适应性测试)My father, Danny Thomas, was a famous comedian, singer, actor, and producer with many fans. When I was a child I __1__ him. Once, my father made a(n) __2__ with Margaret O’Brien and he often took me to the set. I also wanted to be a movie star. Ten years later, at age seventeen, I got my __3__．

I played the lead in Gigi. However, the __4__ of finally being a real actress was painfully short-lived. All the interviews and all the reviews __5__ my father. Would I be as good as my father? Would I be as popular? I was extremely __6__． I loved my father, but my __7__ was just him. “Daddy，” I began, “please don’t be __8__ when I tell you this. I want to change my __9__. I love you but I don’t want to be a Thomas anymore.”

I tried not to __10__ during the long silence. And then he said, “I raised you to be a thoroughbred(优秀的赛马). When thoroughbreds run, they wear blinders to keep their eyes focused straight __11__ with no disturbance, no other horses. They hear the crowd but they don’t __12__. They just run their own race. That’s what you have to do. Don’t listen to anyone __13__ you to me or to anyone else. You just run your own race.”

The next night __14__ the crowd filed into the theater, the stage manager __15__ me a white box with a red ribbon. I opened it up and inside was a pair of old horse blinders with a little note that __16__， “Run your own race, Baby.”

Run your own race, Baby. Dad could have said it a dozen other ways：“Be __17__”； “Don’t be influenced by others.” But it wouldn’t have been the same. He chose the right words at the right time. And all __18__ my life, I’ve been able to come to the point by asking myself, “Am I running my race or __19__ else’s？”