(新课标)2021高考英语一轮总复习考点集训(二十三)Unit4Publictransport牛津译林版

byavarietyofreasons, suchasdrivers'drinkingtoomuch, tirednessandspeeding,

53.____________(especial)onarainyday.54.____________isreportedthatthetwopeaksofaccidentsoccurinspringandsummer,

thetwoseasons55.____________(have)mostoftheyear'srain.Itisbecausetheycan'tconcentrateondriving.

As56.____________resultoftrafficaccidents,

somedriversorpassengershavebecomedisabled, andsomeevenhavetheirlivesclaimed(夺去

),

whichnotonlycauseagreat57.____________(lose)

ofproperty,

butalsobringendlesshurttotheirfamiliesandabigburdentothewholesociety.

Therefore,

bynomeanscanwedriveafterdrinking.Whenwefeelverytired,

weshouldstopdrivingaswell.What'smore,

becautious58.____________youdriveacaronrainydays.

[语篇导读]

这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了造成交通事故的原因、交通事故带来的后果及如何避免交通事故的发生等。

[答案与解析]

49．which。考查关系代词。句意：每天都有很多交通事故发生，其中大部分是由于司机的粗心大意造成的，尤其是当司机醉酒驾驶时。分析句子结构可知，本句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为trafficaccidents，在后面的定语从句中作of的宾语。故填which。

50．drunk。考查形容词。句意：每天都有很多交通事故发生，其中大部分是由于司机的粗心大意造成的，尤其是当司机醉酒驾驶时。分析句子可知，本句为主系表结构，该空作表语且表示“喝醉的”。故填drunk。

51．concerning。考查介词。句意：交通事故确实是一个大问题，几乎涉及我们社会中的每一个人。concerning在这里为介词，意为“关于，涉及”，符合句意。故填concerning。

52．arecaused。考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：交通事故是由多种原因引起的，比如司机酗酒，疲劳和超速，尤其是在雨天。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，主语Trafficaccidents与谓语cause之间为被动。故填arecaused。

53．especially。考查副词。句意：交通事故是由多种原因引起的，比如司机酗酒，疲劳和超速，尤其是在雨天。此处表示交通事故是由各种各样的原因导致的。especially表示陈述某一事实之后，列举一个具有代表性的例子，作进一步强调，其后可接名词、介词短

语、从句等。故填especially。

54．It。考查固定用法。句意：据报道，事故的两个高发期发生在春季和夏季，这两个季节的降雨量占全年降雨量的大部分。Itisreportedthat...“据报道……”，是固定用法。故填It。

55．having。考查现在分词。句意：据报道，事故的两个高发期发生在春季和夏季，这两个季节的降雨量占全年降雨量的大部分。分析句子可知，have与其逻辑主语thetwoseasons是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填having。

56．a。考查冠词。句意：由于交通事故，有的司机或乘客致残，有的甚至被夺去生命，不仅造成了巨大的财产损失，而且给他们的家庭带来了无尽的伤害，给整个社会带来了巨大的负担。asaresultof...“由于……”，为固定用法。故填a。

57．loss。考查名词。句意：由于交通事故，有的司机或乘客致残，有的甚至被夺去生命，不仅造成了巨大的财产损失，而且给他们的家庭带来了无尽的伤害，给整个社会带来了巨大的负担。great为形容词修饰名词loss。故填loss。

58．when。考查连词。句意：更重要的是，雨天开车要小心。分析句子可知，本句为when引导时间状语从句。故填when。

六、概要写作

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Inthepopularimagination, theriseofself-drivingcarswillmeangreenercities, saferroads, andreaccelerating

andhappierworkers.Withtechnology,

—

speeding,

braking,

whichareresponsibleformuchofthegasburnedonroads,

todayandtheresultingairpollution—wouldbeamemory.Butdespitetheseopportunities, therearecertainreasonswhydriverlessvehiclesmayfailtoliveuptosomeoftheseexpectations, oratleasttakealittlewhilelongertoachievethem.

First,

trulyautomatedtechnology

—

atleastthekindthatrequiresnohumaninvolvement—israreineverysectoroftheeconomy, andthere'slittlereasontothinkdrivingwillbeanydifferent.Thereisapermanentneedforahumanbackupincaseiving(

后

援

),

thatmeanshumandriverswillstillbearthefinalresponsibilityforthecarsthey'reridingin.

Arelatedchallenge

—

particularlyfordriverlesscars

—

isthecomplexityofthesystemsinvolved.Forexample, somecarstodayrequireover100millionlinesofsoftwarecode(tokeepthemrunning.Morecodemeansmorefunctions,

which,

代

码

)

tosomedegree,

alsomeansmoreopportunitiesforsoftwareerrors.Driverlesscarsraiseachallengeinthisregardandpossiblycausemoreopportunitiesforerrors—errorsthatcanleadtoaccidents.

Yetthegreatestchallengefacingdriverlesscarsisn'ttechnological,

butpsychological.Surveysconsistentlyrevealglobalskepticismaboutthetechnology.Americans,

forexample,

remainmoreworriedthanexcitedbydriverlesscars.OverhalfoftheAmericanpublicsaysitwouldnotrideonegiventheopportunity.Thisshowsadeep-seatedlackoftrustinthetechnology.Similarideashavebeenexpressedworldwide.

What'smorelikelyisthathumandriverswillcontinueapplyingsomecontrolovertheircars,

regardlessofhowautomatedthosecarsare.Somemayquarrelwiththisidea.Butautomakershavelongbeenpreparingforit.JustaskNissan,

Waymo,

andZoo,

allofwhichareexploringwaysforhumandriverstoretakecontrolofacarshouldautomationfail.Inotherwords, driverlessdoesnot—andwillnot—meanhumanless.

________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文]

Contrarytopeople'svisionofabettercitylife,

self

-

drivingcarsareontheroadtonowhere.(要点1) First, likeauto-machinesinotherfields, driverlesscarsareliterallynotcompletelyindependentofhumans.(要点2) Besides, demandingcomplicatedtechnology, suchcarscanbeathreatifapossibleerroroccurs.(要点

3)

Trustissuesforhumanlesscars,

however,

remainsamajorconcern.That'swhyautomakersareseekingwaystoallowdriversmorecontrolontheirvehicles.(要点4)