微生物题库（英文）

the exception of a: ■. Phagosome ■. cytosome ■. Euglena ■. Volvox ■. lysosome ■. porosome

25. Sarcodina are protozoa that are propelled ■. Spirogyra ■. Nemalion

19. Which algae contain a red pigmented area by: ■. Flagella ■. cilia known as the eyespot? ■. pseudopodia ■. Euglenoids ■. they are technically nonmotile

26. Trypanosomes belong to which group of ■. Chlorophycophyta

protozoa: ■. Rhodophycophyta

■. Phaeophycophyta ■. Flagellates ■. pseudopodia formers 20. The outer layer of Euglena is called: ■. ciliates ■. spore formers

27. Plasmodium is grouped as a: ■. cell wall ■. fmstule

■. pellicle ■. blade ■. flagellates 21. Xanthophyll pigments give algae a color. ■. pseudopodia formers ■. Red ■. blue ■. ciliates ■. spore formers

28. The mature form of spore forming ■. yellow ■. green

22. Which of the following algae are closer protozoa are called: phylogenetically to higher plants? ■. protozoites ■. sporozoites ■. brown algae ■. trophozoites ■. cytozoite

29. Paramecium are classified as: ■. yellow-green algae

■. red algae ■. flagellates ■. green algae ■. pseudopodia formers 23. The storage material, paramylon, is made ■. ciliates in which of the following groups of algae? ■. spore formers

30. The resting stage of a protozoa are called: ■. euglenoid ■. red algae

■. green algae ■. brown algae ■. Trophozoites ■. sporozoites 24. The mouth of a ciliated protozoa is called ■. saprozoites ■. cysts

■Fill in the Blank

1. Unicellular fungi are called ______.

2. Filamentous fungi form branching structures called ______.

3. The most common form of reproduction in yeasts occurs by ______. 4.Silica is found in the cell wall of ______.

5. The external structures of mushrooms are referred to as _______. 6. The growth of fungi can be expressed by _____.

7. Red tide is caused by a toxin released by the organism, Gonyaulax, which belongs to the ______ group of fungi.

8. Agar is made from this group of algae: ______. 9.Trypanosoma gambiense causes the disease ______.

10. A flagellate protozoa that can be found in mountain streams and causes diarrhea is ______.

Test 6: Bacterial Growth and Reproduction ■Multiple Choice (choose one answer)

1. In bacterial cultures, growth can be ■.mass ■.cell size demonstrated by an increase in: ■.cell number ■.cell length

2. DNA replication in bacteria is controlled by:

■.cell size ■.cell division ■.cell separation ■.cell initiation

3. During which phase of bacterial growth is there an increase in cell size but not in cell number?

■.lag ■.log

■.stationary ■.exponential

4. The generation time for bacteria is determined by:

■.measuring the time it takes to double the number of bacteria from the time the culture was initiated until the beginning of stationary phase

■.measuring the time it takes to double the number of bacteria from lag phase to death phase

■.measuring the time it takes to double the number of bacteria from log phase to the end of stationary phase

■.measuring the time it takes to double the number of bacteria from log phase to the beginning of stationary phase

5. Most pathogenic bacteria are considered: ■.psychrophiles ■.mesophiles ■.thermophiles ■.merophiles

6. Bacteria that grow at low nutrient concentrations are referred to as: ■.autotrophs ■.phototrophs ■.copiotrophs ■.oligotrophs

7. In times of nutrient deficiencies, the bacteria Clostridium produce____until conditions are permissive for vegetative growth.

■.prosthecae ■.spores ■.stalks

■.fruiting bodies

8. The temperature of the incubator was raised from 15~(2 to 35~(2. The cultures in the incubator demonstrated a____fold increase in enzymatic activity. ■.two ■.for

■.eight ■.twenty

9. Organisms that grow at or near their optimal growth temperature are called: ■.stenothermal bacteria ■.euthermal bacteria ■.cauldoactive bacteria ■.mesophilic bacteria

10. All of the following are toxic oxygen products except:

■.02 ■.OH- ■.H20 ■.H202

11. Catalase, which is produced by Staphylococci, catalyzes which of the following reactions?

■.202+ 2H+ →2H202 + 02 ■.2H202→2H20 + 02

■.H202 + NADH + H+→2H20 + NAD ■.H202 + e- + H+→H2O + OH-

12. A saturated solution of NaC1 has a water activity index of:

■.1.0 ■.0.90 ■.0.80 ■.0.70

13. Organisms that can grow at a water index at or below that of NaCI are called: ■.xerotolerant ■.salt tolerant ■.mesotolerant ■.salotolerant

14. All of the following organisms will survive an environment of 0.9 Aw except: ■.Lactobacillus ■.Staphylococcus ■.Saccharomyces ■.SpiriUum

15. Halophiles are classified as organisms that require ____for growth. ■.sugar ■.salt ■.water ■.air

16. Osmophiles require a ____Aw for ■.normal growth. 19. Fungi can be differentiated from most

bacteria by culturing at: ■.low

■.high ■.marine 17. The pressure exerted on a cell due to ■.low pH high solute concentrations is referred to as: ■.neutral pH

20. All phototacfic bacteria respond to light ■.osmotic pressure

by: ■.hydrostatic pressure

■.barometric pressure ■.moving away from the source of

light ■.surface tension

18. A diver encountered a new bacterial ■.moving toward the source of light isolate while she was diving at 1000 m. The ■.increasing the movement of their organism will be classified as: flagella ■.marine ■.creating gas vesicles to rise to the

surface ■.barotolerant

■.barophilic

■Fill in the Blank

1. Organisms that grow best above 40oC are called______. 2. Organisms that grow best below 20oC are called______.

3. Organisms that grow best between 20 and 40oC are called ______.

4.Myxobacteria form unique structures called ______ to cope with nutrient deficiencies. 5. Bacteria that grow only at reduced oxygen concentrations are called _______. 6. Bacteria that require oxygen for growth are called_____.

7. Bacteria that grow at high nutrient concentrations are called ______. 8. Caulobacter is an example of a ______ bacteria.

9.At temperatures above the optimum, E. coli and other bacteria induce a change in gene expression called______.

10. A change in hydrostatic pressure of 10 atm is experience with an increase in depth of ______ m.

■Matching

Cell Cycle Matching:

l. C a. cell enlargement

2. M b. condensation of chromosomes 3. G1 c. replication of the genome 4. G2 d. separation of chromosomes 5. S e. cell division 1.e 2.d 3.a 4.b 5.c

Test 7: Control of Microbial Growth ■Multiple Choice (choose one answer)

1. Chemicals used on the body to control ■.disinfectants microorganisms are called: ■.antibiotics ■.antiseptics ■.chemotherapeutic

2. The most effective way of sterilizing a solution is by:

■.incineration ■.pasteurization ■.filtration ■.moist heat

3. An autoclave is an apparatus that is used to sterilize various materials. The appropriate conditions for sterilizing contaminated material is given by which of the following: ■.15 min at 121℃ at lpsi ■.5 min at 121℃ at 15 psi ■.15 min at 121℃ at 15 psi ■.5 min at 131℃ at 15 psi

4. All of the following are an effect of ionizing radiation except:

■.breaks hydrogen bonds ■.thymine dimer formation ■.generates oxygen radicals ■.ring structure destruction

5. A hyperbaric chamber would be useful for treating infections caused by which of the following genera:

■.Treponema ■.Chlamydia ■.Campylobacter ■.Clostridia

6. Agents that are used to inhibit bacterial growth are considered: ■.bacteriocidal ■.bacteriostatic ■.antiseptics ■.disinfectants

7. The term used to describe substances produced by microorganisms that kill or inhibit other microorganisms are called: ■.antimicrobics ■.antibiotics

■.chemotherapeutic agents ■.antiseptics

8. Antibiotics must exhibit which of the following to be effective: ■.narrow spectrum ■.broad spectrum ■.selective toxicity ■.bacteriocidal

9. Which of the following tests utilizes an antibiotic impregnated disk to test for the efficacy of the antibiotic? ■.MIC ■.MBC

■.Mueller-Hinton ■.Kirby-Bauer

10. The MIC assay can determine if an antibiotic agent is:

■.bacteriocidal ■.bacteriostatic ■.aandb

■.none of the above

11. Penicillins are effective against: ■.cells in log phase ■.cells in stationary phase ■.cells in eclipse phase ■.all bacterial cells

12. Penicillinases inhibit the activity of penicillins by which of the following mechanisms: ■.break N. acetylglucosamine:N-acetylmuramic acid bonds

■.break the peptidiglycan ■.break the beta lactam ring ■.break cycloserine

13. Aminoglycosides inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the: ■.tRNA ■.mRNA

■.30S ribosomal subunit ■.50S ribosomal subunit

14. Trimethaprim is an inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase which is important is which of the following:

■.vitamin metabolism ■.1-carbon transfers ■.protein synthesis ■.membrane integrity

15. HIsoniazid is used in the treatment of: ■.Pneumococcal infections