2019年中考英语真题 分类 专题19.1 短文填空(首字母填空)(第01期)(解析版)

2019年中考真题英语分项汇编

专题19 短文填空

考点1首字母填空

Passage 1（2019 ?天津市）

根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整．每空限填一词。

The villagers in Mhangeni， Africa． faced a very big challengeThey didn't have a school for their （挑战）．kids．

Then the village elder thought of an （1）i ． He said that there was an old， abandoned （废弃的）farmhouse． It could be changed into classrooms after cleaning and furnishing（装设备）it． All the villagers were （2）p leased with his suggestion and started the project immediately． The parents repaired the broken walls． Some villagers （3）d the house into three classrooms by using pieces of wood． The others helped make desks and chairs for the students． Still， there was much more work to do． But the rains were coming． They had to （4）s working for the school as it was now the best time for them to plant．

So the children of Mhangeni decided to finish the house by （5）t ．They had to hurry as summer had ended and other schools had already opened．They didn't want to delay（耽搁） their studies． Every day they were busy with cutting the grass and clearing the bushes（灌木）．

The news about the project （6）s and many people knew it． Two teachers who worked for the country's Department of Education arrived to help out． and two foreign visitors were also touched （感动） by the children's （7）a ．They donated money for them to buy textbooks and stationery．

After 10 days of hard work， the new school was （8）r ．The kids were very happy but a bit worried﹣they were behind in their studies．

Besides（除…之外）this， they also faced many （9）d ．There were not enough classrooms to hold all the students． And two or three students had to share one book．

However， the children are happy to study in school﹣（10）e in their new school which they helped to build． Though their school might not be modern， their dream of having a school near their homes has come true．

【答案与解析】

【文章大意】非洲Mhangeni的村民面临一个严重的问题．他们村子没有学校，他们一起努力给孩子们建了一所学校，虽然学校很简陋，但是孩子们还是很开心能在学校学习．

1．idea 【解析】考查名词；分析语境，此处表示：村子里的老者想出来一个主意．i开头的单词，idea意见，想法．符合语境．故答案为：idea．

2．pleased 【解析】考查形容词；分析语境，此处表示：所有的村民对他的建议很满意，并开始开始p开头的单词，pleased满意的，be pleased with对……满意．pleased． 了这个工厂．符合语境．故答案为：3． divided 【解析】考查动词；分析语境，此处表示：有一些村民用一些木板把房子分成几个教室．d开头的单词，divide分开，divide……into把……分成……符合语境．根据语境，需要使用一般过去时，divide的过去式为divided．故答案为：divided．

4．stop 【解析】考查动词；分析语境，此处表示：他们不得不停止工作，因为现在对他们来说，是最好的种植的时间．s开头，stop停止，stop doing停止做．符合语境．had to后面接动词原形．故答案为：stop．

5．themselves 【解析】考查反身代词；分析语境，此处表示：所以，Mhangeni的孩子们决定自己完成这个房子，themselves他们自己，符合语境．故答案为：themselves．

6．spread 【解析】考查动词；此处意思为：关于这个项目的消息传播出去，很多人都知道它了．s开头，spread传播，符合语境．根据语境，此处需要用一般过去时，spread的过去式是spread．故答案为：spread．

7．actions 【解析】考查名词；分析语境，此处表示：而且，两个外国游客也被孩子们的行动感动了．aaction行动，actions． 开头的词，可数名词，此处表示孩子们的行动，用可数名词的复数形式．故答案为：8．ready r【解析】考查形容词；分析语境，此处表示：经过10天的努力工作后，新学校已经准备好了．开头的词，ready准备好的．符合语境．故答案为：ready．

9．difficulties 【解析】考查名词；分析语境，此处表示：除此之外，他们还面临了很多困难．d开头，difficulty困难，可数名词，前面有many，此处需要用名词复数形式．difficulty的复数形式是difficulties．故答案为：difficulties．

10．especially 【解析】考查副词；分析语境，此处表示：然而，孩子们很开心在学校里学习﹣﹣尤其是在他们帮助建的新学校里．e开头的词，especially尤其．符合语境．故答案为：especially． 【点评】此类题目，需要分析语境，并且需要熟记单词，再结合语法结构，便可得出正确答案．

Passage 2（2019 ?湖北省武汉市）

阅读下面短文，在空白处写出各单词的正确形式，单词的第一个字母已给出。

It was at an exhibition of the artist’s works organized by the Red Cross. I was invited as a special g___51___to attend the exhibition. During this period, two cute girls of 16 or 17 years old came to me and asked me for my signature(签名).

“I haven’t brought my pen. Is the p___52___okay?” Actually, I knew they wouldn’t r___53___. I just

wanted to show a well-known writer’s good manners to the c___54___readers.

“Certainly,” the young girls readily a___55___. I could see they were very excited. Of course, their excitement also made me feel more pleased and satisfied. One of the girls h___56___her fine notebook to me. I turned over the cover of the notebook, wrote a few words of encouragement n____57____and signed my name. The girl read my signature, frowned (皱眉), looked at me carefully and asked, “Aren’t you Robert Char?”

“No,” I told her proudly, “I’m the author of Alice Adams, the w___58___of two Pulitzer Prizes.”

The young girl turned to the o___59___,shrugged (耸肩) and said, “Mary, lend your rubber to me.” At that moment, all my p____60____turned into a bubble (泡泡) immediately. Since then, I always warn myself: no matter how outstanding you are, don’t think highly of yourself. 【答案与解析】

【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述我应邀参加红十字会举办的艺术家作品展，之前我非常的自豪和骄傲。两个小女孩找我要签名，我给其中一个女孩签完名后，女孩非常吃惊，我不是罗伯特查尔，我在那里自夸自己获得两次普利策奖。然而这个小女孩向另一个小女孩借了橡皮擦掉了我的签名。自此，作者经常警示自己：无论你多么优秀，不要过高地赞扬你自己。

51. guest 句意“我作为一个特邀嘉宾参加了这个展览”。根据句意可知，表示“特邀嘉宾”。guest客人，且根据空前a可知，用单数，故填guest。

52. pencil 句意“我没带钢笔，铅笔可以吗？”。根据Mary, lend your rubber to me可知，一个女孩向另一个女孩借橡皮擦我的签名，所以空处表示“铅笔”。pencil铅笔，且根据is可知，用单数，故填pencil。

53. refuse 句意“事实上，我知道他们不会拒绝”。根据I just wanted to show a well-known writer’s good manners to the c___4___readers可知，我认为她们不会拒绝，我只想向普通的读者展示一个著名的作家的好的行为。refuse拒绝，且根据空前wouldn’t可知，用动词原形，故填refuse。 54. common 句意“我仅仅想向普通的读者展示一个著名的作家的好的行为”。根据首字母可知，表示“普通的读者”。common普通的，故填common。

55. agreed 句意““当然”，这个小女孩很乐意地同意了”。根据文意可知，我没有带钢笔，所以问 他们铅笔可不可以，他们同意用铅笔。agree同意，且根据全文可知，用一般过去时，故填agreed。56. handed 句意“其中的一个小女孩将她精美的笔记本递给我”。根据文意可知，小女孩找我要签

名，所以他们将本子递给我。hand递，且根据全文可知，用一般过去时，故填handed。

57. naturally 句意“我翻开笔记本的封面，自然而然地写了几个鼓励的词并且签了我的名字”。根据句意可知，表示很自然地写下几个鼓励的单词，且空处修饰动词wrote，用副词，故填naturally。 58. winner 句意“我是《寂寞芳心》的作者，两次普利策奖的获得者”。根据I told her proudly可知，表示我很自豪地告诉他们我是两次普利策奖的获奖者。winner赢家，获奖者，都是指“我”，用单数，故填winner。

59. other 句意“这个年轻的女孩转向另一个女孩，耸耸肩说：把你的橡皮借给我”。根据During this period, two cute girls of 16 or 17 years old came to me and asked me for my signature可知，是两个女孩，所以表示“两者中另一个”，用the other，故填other。

60. pride 句意“在那个时候，所有我的自豪立刻都变成了泡沫”。根据I just wanted to show a well-known writer’s good manners to the c___4___readers以及“No,” I told her proudly可知， 之前我很自豪，所以我的自豪变成了泡沫。根据空前my可知，空处用名词。pride自豪，故填pride。

Passage 3（2019 ?泰州市）

根据短文内容及首字母提示，补全空格内单词，使短文完整、通顺。

Everyone knows that second-hand smoke is as dangerous as first-hand smoke. But have you h_____71_____ of \Third-hand smoke means the pollution left on the surfaces (表面) of things around, l______72______ furniture or clothes. When someone smokes in a room, poisonous particles(粒子) in tobacco (烟草) smoke land on the surfaces of the furniture or his clothes, even after the cigarette (香烟) has been put out. This can cause a great danger to your family, e_____73_____younger children.