中级口译翻译讲义

翻译“It +系动词+实际主语”的结构时，主语应尽可能提前，而且应该明确具体，要将做真正主语的不定式等连同后面的从句提前译在主语的位置上。如：

It has long been proved that the creative power of the people knows no limits.

It doesn’t make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not.

It is strange that she did not see her own shortcomings.

四、 被动语态的翻译

一、译成汉语主动句

（一） 保存原文主语

The meeting is scheduled for April 6th.

Water can be changed from a liquid into a solid.

When rust is formed , a chemical change has taken place.

（二） 主宾颠倒

She was given a new pen by her father.

Heat and light can be given off by this chemical change.

Only a small portion of solar energy is now being used by us.

Communication satellites have already been used for living transmission in our country.

The numerical data concerned are provided in the next chapter.

（三） 增加主语

The issue has not yet been thoroughly explored.

She was seen to enter the building about the time the crime was committed.

What we say here will not be long remembered, but what we do here can change the world.

二、译成汉语无主句

Measures have been taken to prevent the epidemic from spreading quickly.

Water can be shown as containing impurities.

The unpleasant noise must be immediately p

ut an end.

三、译成汉语判断句

The decision to attack was not taken lightly.

Printing was introduced into Europe from China.

The manuscript was sent to the printer in London a few weeks before the French revolution.

The credit system in America was first adopted by Harvard University in 1872.

四、译成汉语被动句

使用“被、受、遭、让、给、由、把、得到、受到、加以、得以、为...所、由...来”等。