中级口译翻译讲义

was aloof and arrogant.

2）后置法：

（1）译成并列分句。如：

Electronic computers, which make it possible to free man from the labor of complex measurements and computation, have found wide application in engineering.

（2）译成独立句。如：

He had talked to Vice-president Nixon, who assured him that everything that could be done would be done.

2.状语顺序的调整：在汉语里状语多数放在所说明或修饰的词的前面，但英语状语有的放在句子最后，有的放在句中，有的放在句首，翻译时要考虑汉语表述习惯，进行语序调整。如：

Many types of animals have now vanished from the earth.

He looked at the sea moodily.

3. 同位语、插入语成份语序的调整：

插入语和同位语一般是对一个事物或一句话做一些附加的解释，英语中插入语和同位语位置十分灵活，译成汉语时，有时要做相应的调整以合乎汉语的表达习惯。如： There are, to be exact, only two choices.

Behaviorists, in contrast，say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy.

Milton, a professor teaching psychology in Harvard University, points out that a happy marriage is, in fact, found on a couple of likely-minded opinions and values---their ability to converse with one another.

Elisabeth, Her Majesty the queen of the

United Kingdom, has asked Theresa May to form a new government to help British people to tide over difficulties after the national referendum.

Carlos, the King of Spain, once insisted that Kings would never abdicate and they would die in their sleep but on August, 23rd, 2013, he was forced to eat his words and stand down due to the democratic movement sweeping across his country.

4. 评论和表态中语序的调整：英语的语序和汉语不同，英语先评论或先表态，再说有关情况，而汉语则相反，翻译时要按汉语习惯重新组织和排列句子的语序。如： Food is essential to life.

It is useless to complain all the time.

It is unlucky to walk under a ladder in the western countries.

5. it 结构的语序调整：在英语里，主语可以后置，前面用形式主语it 代替。在汉语里，主语放在谓语的前面，不能用代词代替。在