中级口译翻译讲义

句式上的调整，英译汉中要拆译的词常常是形容词和副词。 如：

He unnecessarily spent a lot of time introducing his book, which the student are familiar with.

They, not surprisingly, did not respond at all.

短语的分译即将英语的某个短语单独拿出来译成一个独立成份、从句或并列句。 如： 例1：We tried in vain to persuade him to give up his wrong belief.

从句的分译则是根据译文需要打散句子，重新组织。英语的长句主要由主从复合句构成，结构严谨，只要明确其主从关系，就能正确分译。 如：

He told me such experience as I had never heard of before.

Such…..as结构，其中的as为关系代词

Britain is not enjoying such prosperity as it was in the mid-1980s.

He did not remember his father who died when he was three years old.

重点：定语从句的分译 1、译成“这”字句

有时，关系代词并不仅仅只是指代先行词，它还指代前面整个句子的内容。这时，我们一般将其译成“这”或“这一点”

He admired Mrs. Brown, which surprises me most.

她对孩子们很耐心，她丈夫却很少这样。

2、译出关系代词或关系副词

根据逻辑的需要，在翻译前，首先应该弄清关系词所指代的内容，进而按照先行词的词义来进行翻译。

He has learned French, which he thinks is the most beautiful language in the world.

这是一所科技大学，该校学生将被培养成工程师或科学工作者。

另外，在英语中常常会把需要强调的内容放于句首，而汉语中却习惯把附加性说明的定语部分翻译成并列分句，以求在形式上突出主句的内容。

The men suddenly awakened to the fact that there were beauty and significance in these trifles, which they had so long trodden carelessly beneath their feet.

他丈夫早就抛弃了妻儿一直杳无音信，现在她突然想起了他。

3、不翻译关系代词或关系副词

有些定语从句表面上是非限制性定语从句，但在意义上却已经和主句融为了一体。在翻译时，应该将关系词省略，从而使句子的意思显得更为连贯。

After dinner, the four key negotiators resumed their talks, which continued well into the night.

晚饭后，四个主要谈判人物继续进行会谈，一直谈到深夜。