英语翻译作业 第二小组

38. My assistant, who had carefully read through the instructions before doing his experiment, could not obtain satisfactory results, because he followed them mechanically.

虽然我的助理在做他的实验之前就已经仔细通读了说明书，但是由于生搬硬套，所以不能取得满意的结果。

39. The central government has sent relief funds to the flooded area, which will help local residents to recover agricultural production.(目的）

为了帮助当地居民恢复农业生产，中央政府已经给洪泛区发放了救济金。 40. Electronic computers, which have many advantages, cannot carry out creative work and replace man.

虽然电子计算机有很多优点，但是它不能进行创造性工作，也不能代替人。

41. In general, steam-operated electric power plants are located by rivers where barges can easily bring in the coal that the power plants consume each day.

通常，蒸汽式发电厂依河建造，因为驳船运送发电厂每天需要消耗的煤很便利。

42. There are certain problems that are common to all commercial-release operating systems.

这些问题是商业版操作系统普遍存在的问题。

43. Since the liquid is cohesive, there is a surface which does not touch the container wall.

由于这种液体具有粘着性，因而液面不与容器壁接触。

长句翻译

1.If such alloys possess other properties which make them suitable for die casting, they are obvious choices for the process, because their lower melting point will lead to longer die casting lives than would be obtained with alloys of higher melting points.

如果这些合金有其他适合压铸性能的属性，那么他们就是这道工序的不二选择，因为低熔点合金比高熔点合金生产出的铸件寿命更长。

2.However, even if prediction becomes possible, people who live in areas where earthquakes are a common occurrence will still have to do their best to prevent disasters by building structures that are resistant to ground movement and by being personally prepared.

然而，即使能预测地震，地震多发区的居民仍要尽力建造可以抵挡地层移动的建筑物和自身防备来预防灾难。

3.The absence of pesticides and the emphasis on natural fertilizer are designed not only to keep the experiment as untainted as possible, but also to protect the health of the human consumers; because all the air and water in Biosphere II is continually recycled and regenerated, it is important that no poisons be introduced into the system anywhere.

禁用农药使用天然肥料这样的设计不仅仅是为了保证试验尽可能无污染，也是为了保护人类消费者的健康。因为生物圈二号中所有的空气和水都是循环再生的，所以保证这个系统任何地方都没有毒药引入十分重要。

4.Now, a team of astronomers has discovered evidence that the object, whatever it may be, is spewing vast quantities of energetic particles that collide with a surrounding irregular ring of cold hydrogen gas.

现在，一批天文学家已经发现证据证明：这个物体正在喷出大量的高能粒子并和周围冷氢气形成的不规则环形物碰撞的证据，无论这个物体可能是什么。

5.The study of the chemical sensors was mainly concentrated on the subjects of

selectivity, life, and cost; i.e. how to detect a specific material from the environment where many different substances co-exist（selectivity）; how to maintain the sensor in the original condition (life); and how to economically achieve the targets (cost).

化学传感器研究主要以选择性、活性和成本为主题，即如何从许多不同物质共存的环境中检测出特定的物质（选择性），如何保持原始状态下的传感器(活性)；以及如何经济地实现其目标（成本）。

6. “This rotating，lumpy doughnut provides strong evidence that something exotic is going on deep in the heart of the Milky Way”, said Terry Jones, an

astronomer at the University of Minnesota who, as a member of an international team, has been studying the phenomenon.

明尼苏达大学的天文学家,国际研究小组的成员琼斯说：“这种旋转起伏的甜甜圈充分说明在银河系中心正在发生一些奇特的事”，他一直在研究这些现象。

7. Scientists are learning a great deal about how the large plates in the earth’s crust move, the stresses between plates, how earthquakes work, and the general

probability that given place will have an earthquake, although they still cannot predict earthquakes.

虽然科学家现在还不能预测地震，但是他们做大量关于地壳运动中的大板块如何运动、板块之间的压力、地震如何发生的和某个地方发生地震的一般概率的研究。

8. Just as pace satellite, once it has got away from the pull of the earth’s atmosphere, continues to circle round and round the earth forever, so an electric

current circling the ring of mercury should continue to flow forever, if the temperature is kept below the essential four degrees above absolute zero.

当温度保持低于基本的绝对零度以上四度时，电流环将永远围绕汞环流动，就像卫星一样，一旦离开了地球大气层的拖拽，它将永远围绕地球做圆周运动。

9. It is very interesting to note the differently chosen operating mechanism by the different manufacturers, in spite of the fact that the operating mechanism has a major influence on the reliability of the circuit-breakers.

尽管运行机制主要影响断路开关的可靠性这一事实，但是我们还是注意到一个有趣的现象，那就是不同的制造商对运行机制的选择也不同。

10. Thus, marginal cost to the producer may fall below marginal cost from the point of view of the whole economy when extra output requires extra foreign exchange and when foreign exchange is particularly scarce.

当额外输出需要额外外汇并且外汇又尤其缺乏的时候，生产者的边际成本会降低到整体经济边际成本之下。

11.The study of the chemical sensors was mainly concentrated on the subjects of selectivity, life, and cost; i.e. how to detect a specific material from the environment where many different substances co-exist（selectivity）; how to maintain the sensor in the original condition (life); and how to economically achieve the targets (cost).

化学传感器研究主要以选择性、寿命和成本为主题，即如何从许多不同物质共存的环境中检测出特定的物质（选择性），如何维持原始状态下传感器的生命(寿命)；以及如何经济地实现其目标（成本）。

12. The classical metallurgical processes of melting the oxides with carbon in the fusible slag, such as are used for the production of many of the common metals, are not applicable to the range of rather rare elements about which this section is written, if the metals are required in pure condition.

传统冶金工艺在易熔渣中融化碳氧化合物，可生产常见金属，如果这些金属需要纯净的条件，就不适用于本节提到的稀有元素的范围。

13. This development is in part a result of experimental studies indicating that favorable alterations in the determinants of myocardial oxygen consumption（心肌耗氧量） may reduce ischemic（缺血的） injury and that reduction in afterload may be associated with improved cardiac performance.

这个进展在一定程度上得益于实验研究，该研究表明心肌耗氧量的决定性因素的有利变化可以降低缺血性损伤，并且后负荷的降低也许和改善的心脏性能有关。

14. Up to a point, flyovers and underpasses, being the first really decisive steps to speed up and divert traffic, have eased the situation, but a considerable

contribution toward a satisfactory solution can be made by underground railway networks.

作为第一个真正意义上加快和转移交通流量的决定性措施，天桥和地下通道在一定程度上缓解了交通紧张的局势，但是地铁网络为提供一个满意的解决方案作了相当大的贡献。

15. In order to understand what happens during sintering of compacts（烧结）, the changes in density, in dimensions, in metallographic structure and in mechanical properties during sintering must be studied from an experimental point of view.

为了了解在压紧烧结过程中发生了什么，我们必须从实验中去研究在烧结过程中密度、尺寸、金相组织和机械性能的改变。

16. As the science of gene expression grows, we may be able to create genes that can turn themselves off after they have gone through a certain number of cell divisions or after the gene has produced a certain amount of the desired product.

随着基因表达这门学科的发展,我们可以生成一些基因,这些基因可以在经历了一定数量的细胞分裂后停止分裂，或者表达了一定数量的所需结果后停止表达 。

17.The nutritional dilemma of persons with AIDS, or PWAS, is that they must eat abundantly yet they must also avoid foodborne（食物传染的） illness, juggle foods and medications, and surmount the poor appetite and indigestion caused by their medications and by AIDS itself.

艾滋病患者摄取营养的两难处境是他们要大量地吃，但也必须避免食物传染的疾病，处理食物和药物时，要克服由药物和艾滋病本身引起的食欲不振和消化不良。

18. What is questioned is whether a country like Britain has chance, assuming it has the will, to succeed where so many have failed and even assuming that it has, should make the tremendous effort and take substantial financial risk of trying to leapfrog into leadership in entirely new technology or whether it should take the softer option of merely catching up with the rest of the industrialized world.

问题是像英国这样有那么多机会都失败的国家是否还有机会成功,假定它有决心,甚至假定有机会，是该做出巨大的努力和冒着实质性的金融风险试图超越在新技术上引领的国家，还是该做退一步选择，仅仅是赶上其他工业化国家。